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In this work, we introduce a foundational definition of statistical virtual temperature, derived from the spectrum of the Gibbs Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) state and formulated using d-1 indices of purity (IP), where d represents the Hilbert space dimension within the C*-algebra framework. We demonstrate that the universal physical bounds between von Neumann entropy and statistical virtual temperature are constrained by these IPs, which may offer broader applications to quantum systems. Additionally, we geometrize classical optical polarization states of an arbitrary electromagnetic field and provide an interpretation of the quantum Mpemba effect, where a quantum system prepared at a higher statistical virtual temperature relaxes to equilibrium faster than one at a lower temperature. This behavior is explained through a novel concept of temperature-resolved entanglement asymmetry. Additionally, we present a geometric interpretation of the third law of thermodynamics using these entropy-temperature diagrams. Nevertheless, the defined statistical virtual temperature inherently exhibits the third law of thermodynamics. We believe that this work has the potential to significantly advance our understanding of classical polarization theory, quantum information theory, and quantum thermodynamics, and it may establish new connections and insights into these fields.

We consider a non-polynomial cubic spline to develop the classes of methods for the numerical solution of singularly perturbed two-point boundary value problems. The proposed methods are second and fourth order accurate and applicable to problems both in singular and non-singular cases. Numerical results are given to illustrate the efficiency of our methods and compared with the methods given by different authors., Comment: 11 pages, 0 figure; Numerical Solution of Boundary Value Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1988