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Accurately classifying malware in an environment allows the creation of better response and remediation strategies by cyber analysts. However, classifying malware in a live environment is a difficult task due to the large number of system data sources. Collecting statistics from these separate sources and processing them together in a form that can be used by a machine learning model is difficult. Fortunately, all of these resources are mediated by the operating system's kernel. User programs, malware included, interacts with system resources by making requests to the kernel with system calls. Collecting these system calls provide insight to the interaction with many system resources in a single location. Feeding these system calls into a performant model such as a random forest allows fast, accurate classification in certain situations. In this paper, we evaluate the feasibility of using system call sequences for online malware classification in both low-activity and heavy-use Cloud IaaS. We collect system calls as they are received by the kernel and take n-gram sequences of calls to use as features for tree-based machine learning models. We discuss the performance of the models on baseline systems with no extra running services and systems under heavy load and the performance gap between them., Comment: Accepted at the IEEE 23rd International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration for Data Science

The United States is currently the largest crude oil producer, petroleum products consumer, and the country with the largest amount of crude oil refining capacity. Integrated with global markets through [...]

Almost in a blink of the eye the policy focus on the 'knowledge' economy, with mass ranks of high skilled workers, has given way to claims of widespread 'technological unemployment'. This Working Paper will examine competing claims on the relationship between automation, skills and the future of work. It examines the research evidence on the scale of job losses anticipated as a consequence of digital disruption. It presents three scenarios of the impact of digital disruption on future skill requirements, before considering how evidence on automation and digital disruption is used to influence and inform UK government policy interventions on skills, employment and labour markets. In conclusion, we recommend caution in interpreting existing evidence. While high profile reports on digital disruption make for eye-catching headlines, they make for poor policy formulation. A key message is that technology is not destiny. It is human decisions that will determine the future of work.

Oil production, trade, and refining in the Middle East are important for global oil markets. Three critical maritime transit points for crude oil and petroleum products are in or near [...]

February 16, 2023 In January 2023, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) concluded the largest emergency drawdown of crude oil from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR): approximately 180 million barrels [...]

The article presents information on energy supply and use in the U.S. Topics discussed include the changes in the U.S. energy system since the start of the 21st century, the overall energy consumption in the country since 2000, the challenges facing the electric power industry in the country, and a growth in renewable energy consumption between 2000 and 2022.

April 22, 2022 The Biden Administration announced plans to release up to 260 million barrels of crude oil from the U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) from October 2021 through October [...]

Updated February 7, 2022 The United States has the largest nuclear power plant fleet in the world, with 93 reactors that can generate approximately 95,522 megawatts (MW) of electricity. Nuclear [...]

June 10, 2021 The United States has the largest nuclear power plant fleet in the world, with 93 reactors that can generate approximately 95,522 megawatts (MW) of electricity. Nuclear power [...]

NASA is developing new deployable structures and materials technologies for solar sail propulsion systems destined for future low-cost deep space missions. Solar sails eliminate the need for conventional rocket propellants, relying instead upon the pressure of sunlight to generate continuous thrust. They can operate indefinitely, limited only by the space environment durability of the solar sail materials and spacecraft electronic systems.At NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, and NASA's Ames Research Center in California's Silicon Valley, researchers and engineers are planning a mission to demonstrate the next generation of solar sail technology for small interplanetary spacecraft. As part of this development effort, the Advanced Composite Solar Sail System (ACS3) will demonstrate deployment of an approximately 800 square foot (74 square meter) composite boom (mast) solar sail system in low-Earth orbit. This will be the first use of composite booms as well as sail packing and deployment systems for a solar sail in orbit.

March 16, 2021 Contents Introduction: Continued Growth Issues for Congress Policy Goals COVID-19 Legislation U.S. Energy Profile Crude Oil and Petroleum Products: Increased Production and Exports Crude Oil and Natural [...]

January 13, 2021 Oil markets began 2021 following one of the most disruptive years on record. In the first half of 2020, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related demand suppression for [...]

Updated December 9, 2020 The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Loan Programs Office (LPO) manages the Title XVII Innovative Technology Loan Guarantee Program, the focus of this Insight, and the Tribal [...]

The article discusses implications of Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the ensuing war on the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), a region of continuing strategic and foreign policy salience to Congress. Topics include humanitarian effects of war in the MENA region, because of increased volatility in energy and food commodity markets, decisions related to diplomacy, and the provision of military support, and enforcement of sanctions.

July 8, 2020 The Department of Energy's (DOE's) Loan Programs Office (LPO) manages two loan guarantee programs: (1) Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program (TELGP), the focus of this Insight; and [...]

May 27, 2020 Contents Background: Comprehensive Energy Policy Title I--Innovation Subtitle A--Efficiency Part I--Energy Savings and Industrial Competitiveness Subpart A--Buildings Subpart B--Industrial Efficiency and Competitiveness Subpart C--Federal Agency Energy Efficiency [...]

May 11, 2020 Benchmark crude oil prices--such as U.S. West Texas Intermediate (WTI)--have steeply declined since January 2020. Oil market oversupply, the result of COVID-19 travel restrictions and increased global [...]

Updated April 17, 2020 Reduced travel, slowing economic activity, and petroleum-product demand suppression related to the COVID-19 outbreak, combined with announced plans to increase crude oil supplies, created expectations of [...]

Updated April 1, 2020 Global oil prices have declined nearly 60% since January 2020 (see Figure 1). Following a brief period of geopolitically-driven upward price pressure resulting from events in [...]

Summary R46213 February 5, 2020 Phillip Brown Specialist in Energy Policy Economic sanctions imposed by the United States--through enacted legislation and executive action--on Iran, Russia, and Venezuela aim to pressure [...]

The article focuses on U.S. President Joe Biden signed the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act which addresses a range of issues, including surface transportation, water infrastructure, broadband, and minority business. It mentions bill also appropriates for the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund and for carbon reduction program administered by the Department of Transportation. It also mentions categories of topics and programs covered by the law carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS).

The article focuses on China has been expanding and strengthening its diplomatic, security, commercial, and cultural ties with countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region since the late 1990s. It mentions China brokered an agreement between Iran and Saudi Arabia to reestablish diplomatic relations. It also mentions President Joe Biden referred to the China as the U.S. most serious competitor.

Updated July 3, 2019 Since the beginning of the oil industry, there have been multiple periods when a supply manager has influenced production and price levels. Generally, a supply manager [...]

Updated November 5, 2018 Contents Introduction: A Reversal of Fortune Issues for Congress Policy Goals Legislation U.S. Energy Profile Energy Resources on Federal Lands Oil and Natural Gas on Federal [...]

Updated November 19, 2018 Following the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi at a Saudi Arabia consulate in Istanbul, Turkey, some Members of Congress have expressed interest in taking action against [...]

March 27, 2018 In response to the ongoing political and economic crisis in Venezuela, the United States has imposed targeted sanctions on certain Venezuelan individuals as well as broader financial [...]

Updated January 30, 2017 Summary The United States, Canada, and Mexico in many ways comprise one large, integrated market for energy commodities. Canada, for example, is the single largest foreign [...]

Updated December 14, 2016 Contents Introduction Caveats and Limitations Overview of U.S. Nuclear Power Generation Actual, Planned, and Possible Reactor Closures Recent Reactor Retirements Announced Retirements and Potential Shutdowns FitzPatrick [...]

The pressure-belt technique is commonly used to measure pressure distributions on lifting and nonlifting surfaces where flush, through-the-surface measurements are not possible. The belts, made from strips of small-bore, flexible plastic tubing, are surface-mounted by a simple, nondestructive method. Additionally, the belts require minimal installation time, thus making them much less costly to install than flush-mounted pressure ports. Although pressure belts have been used in flight research since the early 1950s, only recently have manufacturers begun to produce thinner, more flexible tubing, and thin, strong adhesive tapes that minimize the installation-induced errors on the measurement of surface pressures. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effects of pressure-belt tubing size on the measurement of pressure distributions. For that purpose, two pressure belts were mounted on the right wing of a single-engine, propeller-driven research airplane. The outboard pressure belt served as a baseline for the measurement and the comparison of effects. Each tube had an outer diameter (OD) of 0.0625 in. The inboard belt was used to evaluate three different tube sizes: 0.0625-, 0.1250-, and 0.1875-in. OD. A computational investigation of tube size on pressure distribution also was conducted using the two-dimensional Multielement Streamtube Euler Solver (MSES) code.

The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) elevation scan bearings lubricated with Pennzane SHF X2000 and 2% lead naphthenate (PbNp) were life tested for a seven-year equivalent Low Earth Orbit (LEO) operation. The bearing life assembly was tested continuously at an accelerated and normal rate using the scanning patterns developed for the CERES Earth Observing System AM-1 mission. A post-life-test analysis was performed on the collected data, bearing wear, and lubricant behavior.

Updated February 22, 2016 Contents Background Export Restrictions Repeal Savings Clause Exceptions Potential Crude Oil Export Volumes National Defense Sealift Enhancement Enhanced Section 199 Tax Deduction for Independent Refiners Motivation [...]

Updated September 28, 2015 Contents Introduction Pemex: A Brief History and Pre-Reform Status Report The Path to Pemex Reform Proposals for Energy Reform Key Provisions of the December 2013 Constitutional [...]

Updated December 31, 2014 Contents Introduction Background Legal and Regulatory Context The Energy Policy and Conservation Act The Export Administration Act and the International Emergency Economic Powers Act Other Relevant [...]

The article discusses developments in the energy sector in the U.S. as of March 2021. Other topics include the country's overall energy consumption, its energy sources like natural gas, renewable energy, oil, and nuclear power, the technological developments in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling, and the energy policy toward energy security and energy consumption reduction.

The article offers information on the U.S. energy system in the 21st century. Topics include offshore renewable energy sources, natural gas supply, consumption, and exports, and the U.S. coal-producing industry. Also provided are monthly natural gas prices from 2000-2017, renewable energy consumption in the country, and sources of crude oil from 2000-2017.

The article reports that the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) has announced an agreement seeking 11 of the 13 members would cut down crude oil production for six months starting January 1, 2017. OPEC announced on December 10, 2016 that 11 non-OPEC countries, led by Russia, had pledged to further reduce oil production by 558,000 bpd. The OPEC or non-OPEC production agreement aims at reducing global supply or demand imbalances and lowering resulting global oil stocks.