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Oliver Style, the son of a Kentish baronet, was working in Smyrna, Turkey, when in 1688 the port city was devastated by an earthquake. Thousands were killed. Style survived (though apparently seriously injured), returned to England, and wrote a descriptive, deeply personal 'Advice to a painter' poem about the event. Over the years until his death in 1703 he composed more than twenty other poems, which reflect on his life and inevitable death, and, with considerable bitterness, survey the folly, cruelty and suffering of mankind. This body of work, scarcely studied, survives in a single contemporary manuscript held in Leeds University Library. The essay discusses Style's life and family background, describes the manuscript, appraises the poems in some detail, and places Style's description of the Smyrna earthquake in the context of contemporary prose accounts. It concludes with an annotated edition of his 139-line earthquake poem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This book by Saskia Kerschbaum provides a comprehensive study of the construction of aqueducts in Asia Minor during the Roman Empire. The book is based on epigraphic evidence, as well as some literary and archaeological sources. It is a lengthy volume, consisting of nine primary chapters and four additional sections, and includes a massive bibliography. The book explores various aspects of aqueduct construction, including the actors involved, the cultural significance of aqueducts, and their impact on urban development. While the book focuses on Asia Minor, it also includes material from outside the region. Overall, the book offers valuable insights into the construction and use of aqueducts in ancient times. [Extracted from the article]

"Sacrificial Limbs: Masculinity, Disability, and Political Violence in Turkey" by Salih Can Açıksoz is a timely and important book that explores the relationship between Turkish military conscripts who were injured during the Turkish-Kurdish war and the Turkish state. The book examines the concepts of debt and sacrifice in relation to sovereign power and how it shapes and manages specific bodies in the social and political landscape. It also delves into the activism and political mobilization of disabled veterans, their alliances with the ultranationalist movement, and their use of prostheses as symbols of sacrifice and political engagement. While the book could have further explored the role of the family, the discussion is valuable in understanding gender, nationalism, and violence in Turkey and beyond. [Extracted from the article]

As Karakaya-Stump notes, there has been an unfortunate tendency to misattribute those aspects of the Kizilbash/Alevi belief system that seem to deviate from "normative" canonical I shari a i compliant Islam to "extra-Islamic sources", although many of them were in fact present within the historical Sufi tradition. By embedding the history of the Kizilbash/Alevis in the history of Islam and Sufism Karakaya-Stump allows us fully rethink their identity and historical significance. [Extracted from the article]

Exergy analysis, as a core evaluation tool to improve energy efficiency and system sustainability, has been applied in various fields over the last decades, leading to a significant increase of exergy-related publications. However, the existing reviews only analyzed part of publications related to a specific topic and lack a systematic analysis. To fill this research gap, a coupled bibliometric analysis and knowledge map method was conducted on 13,941 exergy-related publications during 1997–2020. Results show that publications increased from 54 in 1997 to 1976 in 2020. Journal of Energy is the most productive journals (1543 publications), and Energy & Fuels is the most popular subject category (9204 publications). Three developing countries in Asia (China, Iran, and Turkey) are the most productive, accounting for 45.87%. The main research objects and methods in this field were identified by cluster analysis. Furthermore, timeline analysis and burst detection analysis show that the new research hotspots or research frontiers will focus on organic Rankine cycle, building industry, multi-objective optimization, and sustainable development. This study further pointed out the future direction of the exergy field: in-depth application of the coupled exergy and exergoeconomic analysis; technologies development for efficient utilization of renewable energy, clean energy, and waste heat; enrichment of exergy framework incorporating environmental perspectives and mathematical methods; adaptation of theoretical research; and system optimization to the needs of social development. Through the review of exergy-related publications, results of this study can help to better identify the research hotspots and provide a valuable reference for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, I review research on adolescent–parent relationships and youth well‐being in Turkey. Turkey is a country that has changed rapidly due to urbanization and globalization, and that is characterized by cultural heterogeneity in values, all of which have implications for parent–child relationships. I focus first on parenting styles, and then discuss two dimensions of parenting—warmth and parental control—that are considered more universal and culturally variable, respectively, in terms of their associations with well‐being. Overall, research from Turkey is consistent with findings across cultures, showing a positive link between higher warmth and youth well‐being. But recent research has challenged the cultural normativity hypothesis, which claims that psychological control may not harm the well‐being of children in collectivist cultures because it is perceived as a norm in its sociocultural context. Research from collectivist cultures, including Turkey, suggests that the perception of normativity does not preclude its adversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the inception of space technologies based on military programs, the process has evolved in the direction to use these technologies in various fields. On the other hand, current trend emphasizes the importance of making these technologies accessible and inexpensive. Extensive research indicate that location affects the cost and success of activities. This study suggests a hybrid decision-making model to determine the location of spaceport of Türkiye. Since space technologies are a new subject in Türkiye, expert judgments include uncertainty. Fuzzy set theory is an efficient tool to overcome uncertain conditions. Hence, an approach based on spherical fuzzy AHP and VIKOR methods has been proposed. By a comprehensive literature review, twenty criteria and five alternative locations have been determined and evaluated. The results indicate that the most important criteria are technical requirements, cost & economy, and infrastructure, respectively. Based on these criteria, the best alternative location has been identified as Somalia for spaceport site of Türkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the joint between the mandibular condyles, the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle of the temporal bone. TMJ has been described as a "bicondylar" joint, a term that in current literature is used in multiple and dissimilar contexts. We present a scoping review of the term "bicondylar" as a descriptive term for TMJ in the scientific literature of the last 5 years. After selection according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria, 24 articles were selected for further analysis. The countries with the most publications were Brazil, India and Turkey with 3 articles each. Seven articles (29.17 %) were published by Spanish-speaking authors, six of these written in Spanish. Regarding the use of the term "bicondylar", 50 % of the articles referred to this term but did not explain it; 25 % cited this term to refer to the location in the left and right mandibular condyles; and 25 % the articles use the term and explain it according to the morphology of the articular surfaces. Discrepancies were also detected regarding as to how to consider TMJ: 54.17 % considered that TMJ is a single joint between a single bone (the jaw) and two bones of the cranium, while 45.83 % considered that TMJ are actually two different TMJs that work at the same time. We suggest discussing the appropriate use of the term "bicondylar" to avoid confusion and to be able to adapt and satisfy the needs of both anatomists and clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insecticides stand out as the most dangerous pesticides, and many of them can cause cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in organisms. For this reason, a systematic review was performed focusing on the effect of insecticides on Allium cepa system by two ways: (1) a scientometric study to identify trends and gaps in the literature on the evaluation of insecticides to guide future research efforts and (2) a meta-analytical approach compiling the information to obtain an overall result about insecticide effect on A. cepa. It was found that there is an increasing production of articles in this research area. The H-index of our data set was 11, with an average of 13.72 citations per item. The leader country in this research area was India, followed by Turkey and Brazil. The best cited research area was "Environmental Sciences" and "Environmental Sciences and Ecology," followed by "Cell Biology." The most used keywords were genotoxicity, pesticides, and insecticide. The meta-analytical test showed that the number of micronuclei found in onion cells treated with insecticides is higher than that in untreated ones, and the use of pesticides reduced the mitotic index. In conclusion, it is evident the need for more studies about biotechnology, nanotechnology, and biopesticides to develop safer pesticides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of introducing occupational exposure limits (OELs) is to use them as a risk management tool in order to protect workers' health and well-being against harmful agents at the workplace. In this review we identify OELs for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene (BTEX), and styrene concentrations in air and assess occupational exposure to these compounds through a systematic literature search of publications published in West Asian countries from 1980 to 2021. OELs for BTEX and styrene have been set in Iran and Turkey to levels similar to those in European countries and the US. The search yielded 49 full-text articles that cover studies of exposure assessment in six countries, but most (n=40) regard Iran. Average occupational exposure to benzene of workers in oil-related industries is higher than recommended OEL, while average occupational exposure to other compounds is lower than local OELs (where they exist). Currently, information about levels of occupational exposure to BTEX and styrene is insufficient in West Asian countries, which should be remedied through OEL regulation and application. Furthermore, coherent research is also needed to determine actual levels of occupational exposure, dose-responses, and the economic and technical capacity of local industries to address current issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis borne out of such a bitter fight for complete hegemonic control over state institutions, according to the author, was exacerbated with the I alla turca i presidential system which engendered a monopolistic political order replete in nepotism, favoritism, clientelism, and partisan practices purportedly done for strengthening state capacity. The author argues that such determination and political resolve fueled political and institutional reform at all levels of the state and singled out Turkey as a model country in the region. In Chapter 5, the author maps the contours of the growing state crisis in Turkey and the ramifications of this crisis on Turkey's foreign and security policies within the larger domestic and regional political context, and he provides suggestions as to how to manage state reform, deal with deficits in state conflict resolution roles and finally policy recommendations for the increasing need for an overhauling of Turkey's foreign and security policies. [Extracted from the article]

Turkey is one of the major plastic pollution sources in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. This review summarizes present information, data, and legislation on plastic pollution in Turkish aquatic ecosystems. According to results derived from reviewed studies, both macro- and microplastic pollutions were documented in Turkish aquatic ecosystems. Most of the studies on plastic pollution in Turkish waters were performed in the marine environment while only four were conducted in freshwater environments. Spatially, the majority of these studies, which were on levels in the marine environment, were conducted on the northeastern Mediterranean coasts of Turkey, especially Iskenderun and Mersin Bays. Additional studies were carried out on either the ingestion/presence/impact of microplastics by/to aquatic organisms or the entanglement of marine organisms in plastics. There were also studies assessing the microplastic content of commercial salt, and another has reported microplastic presence in traditional stuffed mussels sold in Turkish streets. Some studies were conducted on microplastic presence and/or their removal in wastewater treatment plants in Mersin, Adana, Mugla, and Istanbul cities. Macro- and microliter loading from a few Turkish rivers to the sea was also estimated. All these investigations indicate that Turkish aquatic environments have significant plastic pollution problems, which were also underlined by the legislative studies. The need for further studies in this field still exists, especially in freshwater environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Megaron is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To welcome the opportunities and overcome the challenges, Drechselová develops two perspectives to examine her research question: being locally specific and party sensitive. Women's participation in politics has been one of the most controversial issues in Turkey since the establishment of Turkish Republic. Lucie Drechselová contributes to this discussion by deconstructing the notion of "cycles of exclusion" to understand from various perspectives the low levels of female participation/representation in local politics in Turkey. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Historische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study is a book review of John Taylor Gatto's work titled "Weapons of Mass Instruction: A Schoolteacher's Journey through the Dark World of Compulsory Schooling". The purpose of this study is to evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the book, while providing an insight about how the book was organized and what the main theme is. Although the book was published in 2010, its translations to other languages were carried out later; as an illustration, it was published in Turkey in 2018. Hence, this book review may also provide a new perspective which would make a longitudinal comparison possible. The strongest aspect of the book reviewed can be nominated as its success in establishing a concrete view of the current education system in the USA from a chronological perspective, which reproduces a gigantic social stratum of consumerist, self-alienated and harmless voters. The foremost weakness of the book is the author's proposition of a new approach entitled by the author as open-source learning, which relies on an irrational sampling and could pave the way for child labor, where child abuse is a major problem. All in all, the language used in the book makes it possible for every individual from and out of educational spheres to evaluate education system from a critical perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hence, while dismissing the strong state theory that attributed the rise of the Kemalist state to Moore's formula, Cengiz is also dismissive of many mainstream explanations offered to conceptualize the rise of AKP. In fact, unification of the state apparatus with the party was completed in 1937 when the party's six principles (republicanism, populism, nationalism, secularism, statism and revolutionism) were enshrined in the constitution and gradually institutionalized as the state ideology (p. 32). As stated above, secularism had been undermined by the Kemalist state itself from 1980 onwards while a million more Kurds from Iraq had undermined the notion of "one state". In the same way a discussion on the present-day global political economy is incomplete without China, any study on the contemporary Middle East lacks relevance without taking Turkey into account. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Megaron is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Werkstatt Geschichte (Transcript Verlag) is the property of Transcript Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)