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The article reports on the challenges of a smart grid system. It examines the identification of large-scale transmission lines and electric power generation locations, including the creation of a negative feedback mechanism. It discusses the dispatch and forecast model used in the sale of electricity in North America that does not have feedback on pricing and demand. It offers information on the monitoring by balancing authorities of the bulk consumption of electric power in the U.S.

The author discusses the views of Chuck Jones, chief executive officer (CEO) of diversified energy company FirstEnergy, on early retirement of power plants and discusses the event due to less profits, less demand and typical government policies. Topics discussed include statistics on low demand for electricity between 2000 and 2015, less sales of electricity in the U.S., and less use of power plants with coal-fired capacity.