Search

The antique observation of patients with liver diseases was follow ed by epidemiologic studies in the Middle Ages. Further research depended on the development of methods of labor diagnostics, microbiology, biochemistry and moleculargenetics. In the second half of the 20th century, the infectious hepatitides were differentiated, causally solved, and to a wide extent therapeutically controlled. The metabolic hepatitides remain a global task for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antique observation of patients with liver diseases was followed by epidemiologic studies in Middle Ages. Further research depended on the development of methods of laboratory diagnostics, microbiology, biochemistry and moleculargenetics. In the second half of the 20th century, the infectious hepatitides were differentiated, causally solved, and to a wide extent therapeutically controlled. The metabolic hepatitides remain a global task for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Communication as a Process: Communication as Linguistic Action in Social Contexts" deals with the complex process of linguistic communication in social contexts, especially in everyday nursing. The authors Heinz Joachim Büker and Margret Schumacher have published the book "Communication and Interaction in Nursing," in which they address the understanding and optimization of this process in everyday nursing. They emphasize the importance of interpersonal action and the relational level in communication. The book is aimed at nursing staff and sensitizes them to the special requirements of communication in nursing, especially in dealing with patients of different ages. The challenges of communicating with children and older people, as well as the importance of communication within the team, are also discussed. [Extracted from the article]

In classical antiquity, liver and bile were connected with soul, mythology and the four humors (vital fluids). The Middle Ages comprised research of anatomy and simple clinical observations complemented in the 19th century by cytology. Liver-specific diagnostics was based on enzymology, function tests and prognosis criteria. In the 20th/21st century, the causes of many phenotypically known diseases are explained by biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In classical antiquity, liver and bile were connected with soul, mythology and the four humors (vital fluids). The Middle Ages comprised research of anatomy and simple clinical observations complemented in the 19th century by cytology. Liver-specific diagnostics was based on enzymology, function tests and prognosis criteria. In the 20th/21st century, the causes of many phenotypically known diseases are explained by biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactoferrin, a member of the transferrin family, is a multifunctional protein which is present apart from milk in many cells and body fluids. The well-known direct effects against bacteria, virus and fungi are assisted by modulation of the immune system and the iron metabolism. Previous knowledge and analogous results allow experiments for the use of lactoferrin for prophylaxis and therapy of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on RATH's innovative approach to reducing CO2 emissions in silicon carbide production at its Krummnußbaum plant, highlighting a 70 present reduction in emissions achieved by transitioning two furnaces to electric operation and describing additional environmental efforts, including the use of a photovoltaic plant for sustainable energy generation.

In 19th century, the anatomical knowledge of the human stomach was completed by physiological experiments. Castroscopy, radiology, biochemistry and physiology resulted for many years in a provisional stage of gastrology. In recent decades, the discovery of Helicobacter pylori and the introduction of bariatric surgery stimulated the gastric science and practice which are described in this part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 19th century, the anatomical knowledge of the human stomach was completed by physiological experiments. Gastroscopy, radiology, biochemistry and physiology resulted for many years in a provisional stage of gastrology. In recent decades, the discovery of Helicobacter pylori and the introduction of bariatric surgery stimulated the gastric science and practice which follow in the 2nd part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental protection and energy efficiency will dominate technology in the coming decades. After an introductory overview of the state of renewable energy and the evolution of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere, the article focuses on top speed, material cycle and recycling as well as embodied energy. The proportion of embodied energy of technical products has been little addressed in the literature so far. However, taking this share into account is essential for comprehensive energy and environmental strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zusammenfassung. Studierende in den Gesundheitsberufen sollen künftig in der hochschulischen Pflege-Qualifikation in der Berufspraxis von PraxisanleiterInnen betreut werden, die sich im Rahmen von Anleitungen diverser Methoden bedienen. Hier soll geklärt werden welche methodisch-didaktischen Kompetenzen und welche weiteren Qualifikationen PraxisanleiterInnen in Zukunft benötigen werden, um die gesetzlichen Ausbildungsziele zu realisieren. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, miniaturization of Raman, mid-infrared (MIR) and near infrared (NIR) spectrometers has made substantial progress, and marketing companies predict this segment of instrumentation will have a significant growth rate within the next few years. This increase will be based on a wider adoption of spectrometers for quality control by in-the-field testing and on-site measurements. Furthermore, based on high-volume manufacturability and significant reduction of costs, numerous companies target with (primarily NIR) instruments a non-expert user community for consumer applications. Especially from this last-mentioned development, a tremendous potential for everyday life can be expected ranging from food testing to detection of fraud and adulteration in a broad area of materials. Miniaturization, however, must not lead to compromises in measurement performance and the handheld instrumentation will only have a practical impact if Raman, MIR, and NIR spectra of comparable quality to laboratory spectrometers can be obtained. The present communication will shortly cover the building principles of state-of-the-art instruments, and will then discuss selected applications in order to demonstrate the advancement in this field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the hydrogen economy for the food industry. Fuel cells produce energy through an electrochemical reaction that uses hydrogen. The combustion-free technology is available to power a range of applications. Fuel cells have moved from outer space to everyday applications. Large fuel cells now act as power plants.

The article presents an analysis of a pump-related fire incident in a petrochemical and oil refinery resulting from excessively high oil viscosity. Topics discussed include the lubrication of a hot service pump with pure oil mist, the application of a thick oil in the oil ring environment, and four relevant deviations which may have contributed to bearing failure.

The article offers information on how resourcefulness solves problems in the hydrocarbon processing industry. It mentions that how remembering Archimedes solved a leakage problem. It discusses the challenges associated with the intolerable leakage from the annular opening between the stationary inlet elbow and the rotating centrifuge basket.

Provides information on advanced tool-based procedures for nuclear power plants performed by the engineering staff of the Framatome ANP in Germany for the realization of backfitting instrumentation and control (I&C) systems. TELEPREM XS system platform specification and validation procedure; Specification requirements; Validation procedure; Optimizing the specification of I&C systems.

A sensible combination of an efficient part load operation andredundancy of the air supply is possible. Such a combinationwas already successfully applied to air conditioning systems. Fornew projects, a redundant stationary compressed air supply wasdeveloped. The compressor as a core module is derived from themedical technology. The plant is described in this contribution,its parameters are given in a table. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses that equipment to be installed at a plant site initially arrives at an outdoor storage yard. It mentions that the Experience shows that of 1,000 machines stored for 3 yr. in this manner, no more than 60 have ever shown incipient bearing damage; and ambient air and atmospheric contaminants excluded, it can be reasoned that the bearings had slight damage at assembly or sustained damage.

The article reports that the state of understanding science and facts on one side and distinguishing these from anecdotes and far-fetched opinions on the other side, should be concerning to us. It mentions that there has been talk about apprenticeship training, we have also heard selfish comments to the contrary. Fear was expressed that the trained technical person will be hired away by companies that themselves do not invest in training.

The author discusses the problem faced by the release of hydrofluoric acid (HF) in petroleum refineries by referring to a request received from an engineer on the same. Topics discussed include canned motor pumps from German pump manufacturer Hermetic Inc., problems in depropanizer charge pumps, shaft deflection in overhung pumps, and Plan 53B seal support system for a depropanizer pump.

The article offers information about the mechanical seal specifications and pump reliability improvements. It mentions about the water management seal systems to achieve restorative and sustainable practices that harmonize with regulatory compliance, seal upgrading as a baseline requirement. It discusses the challenges in project implementation of water management systems.

The article presents the discussion on small amounts of contamination greatly reducing the equipment reliability and uptime. Topics include proving the value of rotating labyrinth seals made possible by examining local maintenance records or by using shortcut-style; and moisture and dust often entering bearing housings through old-style, ineffective labyrinth seals, or worn lip seals.

With the technique of the interlocking system ZSB 2000 from Scheidt & Bachmann an interlocking system was developed, which especially was adapted at the functional conditions for 160 km/h railway lines. By he modular system structure this interlocking system can be economically adapted to the respective size of a station at the best possible rate. Thanks to the modern bus and networking architectures, the costs of cabling expenses were clearly reduced. Intelligent field components with corresponding control logic have also significantly reduced the energy consumption. In the meantime more than 50 installations at the German market are available, therewith the accuracy and operability of this line of development could be demonstrated. The experiences also show that the renunciation of functionalities, according to the initial signaling requirement specifications, was not accepted by the railway operations. This circumstance still will lead to additional development activities in the future. The development activities will be completed with coming estimated NeuPro interface adaptations as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on when liquid ring compressors should be used to build a series of water columns that resemble pistons and trap gas or vapour between the impeller cells of a rotor that is placed eccentrically to its casing.

The article discusses how control options can differ for dry-running vs. liquid injection-type screw compressors, volume control helps control the wide possible operating ranges of control machines. Topics include range of compression ratios can be accommodated by liquid-injected machines; and Large compressors are frequently equipped with an internal volume-regulating device.

IPTV systems offer advantages over conventional CATV and coax television systems, notably easier expansion to cope with future demand. Investment in an infrastructure supporting high-quality television distribution over IP networks should be considered whenever buildings are being modernised. This paper presents several different methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the value of innovators in exposing their work to reliability professionals and aligning their thinking with each other for a common move forward. Topics covered include a reliability professional's task to be proactive in contributions, and innovation's utility in improving existing machinery. Also noted is the reliability professional's need to answer questions on possible upgrades, their cost-effectivity, and the choice of provider to implement repairs and upgrades.

The article suggests using available database to assist in compressor design audits and selection in hydrocarbon processing plants . Topics include validation techniques for the vendor's normal experience or comfort zone without proper contract for differences (CFD) ; and ways in which engaging in structured machinery quality assessment (MQA) will be of great benefit to the user purchaser.

The energy source natural gas has a very good image and is steadily gaining importance in an environmentally friendly, affordable and secure long-term energy supply. In particular, gas-fired heat appliances can be combined very well with renewable energy, thus making an important contribution to reach the climate protection goals. However, according to recent developments - such as the amendment of the German Energy Savings Ordinance (EnEV) or the ErP Regulation on hydronic heat generators - the complexity of the political framework is increasing, which results in great challenges for this energy source. Also the efforts on the European natural gas harmonization could jeopardize the success of the energy transition. The leading manufacturers of high-efficient gas technologies therefore strongly recommend a careful definition of the future gas composition in order to continue meeting the high standards of efficiency, comfort, environmental protection and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After a construction period of some nine years the 9 385 meterlong Katzenbergtunnel was opened in December 2012. The largest single civil engineering structure on the new and upgraded line Karlsruhe-Basel is the third-longest tunnel in the DB Netz AG network. In addition to the outstanding engineering accomplishments, the tunnel is remarkable on account of its many innovative technologies and concepts. Among the innovations are the safety concept with two single-track tunnels which are connected with one another by 19 connecting galleries at intervals of 500 meters, the solid carriageway which may be used by road vehicles, the new method used to affix the overhead lines, and the sonic boom constructions which prevent a tunnel boom effect. All these solutions make the Katzenbergtunnel one of the most modern constructions in European rail transport as it sets the highest standards and serves as a prototype for future tunnel constructions in Deutsche Bahn's high-speed network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the power energy industry. According to a report, global energy demand is likely to grow over the next 20 years. The BP's Energy Outlook 2030 has recently released a report which show increased energy efficiency and strong growth for renewable energy. It also mentions that coal is likely to continue gaining market share, but oil will continue to lose market share.

The article discusses the need to determine and correct underlying causes of pump failures in plants for continuous reliable operation. It has been stated that maintenance outlays and training funds are often curtailed during the financial downturn and so only repairs that are absolutely necessary to keep the plant running are done. It has been stated that this sort of things discourage looking for the true root causes of failures.

The article focuses on low-intermediate frequency (IF) receiver architectures for wireless standards. It discusses the use of switches as mixers in down conversion architectures. The option of building low-IF or quasi-direct conversion receivers to avoid problems with building a well-behaved direct current (DC)-nulling circuit is analyzed. It explains that the number of multiplications are reduced by choosing a low IF that is one-quarter of the sampling frequency.

The article reports tat the average managers keep problems in check i.e., they "manage" problems but often allow these problems to persist. Topics discussed include the owner company had an anti-oil mist bias for reasons that defied logic and disregarded the fact-based experience of its leading competitors; and Chances are the company allowed itself to be influenced by strong personalities assigned to the maintenance department.

The article discusses pump overhauls, focusing on experience-based recommendations for the optimal scheduling of pump maintenance. Issues addressed include vibration amplitude and frequency, distinguishing between sinusoidal and complex waveforms and rotor balancing, for which automated balancing machines are highly recommended.

The article presents information about H2 Business Support Association that support the development of a Green H2 quality label with support for relevant topics in the food industry environment. It mentions that the hydrogen technology offers diverse applications in transport and mobility, buildings and heating, energy supply and raw material supply.

The article focuses on good time to do reliability upgrading from home. Topics inlcude the task of drilling and tapping has carried out in the user's machine shop, where oil mist providers can do this work, the proper hole diameter and angled flow direction has documented, and the company had installed bearing housing protector seals not unlike realized these were too narrow for optimized passageways.

Discusses the activities of Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge, a 19th century scientist whose investigations could be considered a precursor of chromatography. Life and activities of Runge; Self-grown pictures as forerunner of paper chromatography; Investigation of dyes and experiments; Driving force of pattern formation; Hypothetical force pervading nature called Od by Runge.

Interviews Karl-Heinz Lochner, vice president of Nuclear Instrumentation and Controls (I&C) in Framatome ANP Inc. regarding use of TELEPERM I&C solution for nuclear power plants. Explanation for justifications for instrumentation and control modernization in nuclear industry; Impact of the solution on cost and performance of power plants; Plans of the company to stay ahead of technical challenges during the next five years.

Reports on the use of self-cleaning, flow direction optimized coalescers (SCC) and other preventive maintenance techniques by major petroleum refineries that operate reciprocating compressors in their hydrocracker units. Contaminant removal; Design peculiarities of SCC; Recommendations for maintenance.