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Measurements of the interaction between pantograph and overhead line are an essential element in obtaining approval for electric traction unit(s). Highly sensitive sensor technology is applied in a variety of measurement methods. The precise choice of method and of suitable preventive action for minimising electrical as well as mechanical wear depends on the rail power system in operation, which vary depending on operators systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental and social requirements demand especially for diesel traction measures for action on energy efficiency and noise reduction. Based on the applicable exhaust and noise emissions, using the example of diesel fleet of Deutsche Bahn AG and the impact of possible alternative solutions are presented. This is discussed in more detail on selected projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charts are presented which present statistics on tractors for 2010 including engine power, engine size and hydraulics.

The article discusses how British engineers are switching to tractors with continuously variable transmissions (CVT). According to the author, CVT tractors feature smooth and precise control and power efficiency. CVT engines are used in tractors that operate on stock farms, orchards, vineyards and commercial groundscare work. Among these CVT tractors include the Torotrak IVT variator from Carraro DriveTech.

The article focuses on best-selling tractor brands on the market, getting even bigger in 2017 after farmers gave Massey Ferguson a strong vote of confidence by purchasing 1,973 tractors. Information on an increase in the firm's market share by 2.4% to 14.3%, which is higher than it has been in the past five years, is presented.

The article focuses on arrival of tractors on farms in 1890s equipped with steel wheels and mentions several years taken for the arrival of inflatable rubber tyres. Topics discussed include steel wheels which are standard equipment on steam traction engines, steam power on farms used for threshing and cultivating, and attempts to introduce improved wheel equipment.

The article reports on the rise of four-wheel drive tractors and how they have become the norm in agriculture. A Rubicon steam engine built in the U.S. in about 1886 by the Wood, Taber & Morse Co. was probably the first farm vehicle with four-wheel drive. In 1889, there was the beginning of a new age in power farming.

The article offers information on driverless cars and tractors. According to the author, people having weak eyesight and reflexes would be able to remain independent using driverless cars. Information is also offered on a project at Harper Adams University to farm a hectare of spring barley using driverless tractors.

The article features several loader tractors including the Agrofarm 430/Stoll FZ20, Engine Deutz 2012 4-cylinder Transmission 60x60 3-speed Powershift and AGROTRON K430.

The article offers information on what tractors farmers used in the year 1949 in Great Britain. It explains that diesel power was making its presence felt in 1949 as farmers invested some of their post-war prosperity in new equipment. It informs that the first David Brown diesel tractor was a Cropmaster model announced at the 1949 Royal Show and powered by a four-cylinder David Brown engine.

The article features the John Deere PowerTech Plus tractor engine from Deere & Co.

The article provides information on the N-series tractors developed by Valtra. Mounted on a fully-adjustable steering column, the sporty-feel steering wheel is surprisingly small and chunky. This being the mid-spec Hi-tech unit, Valtra fits a clutchless shuttle. Lower specification Classic models have a manual mechanical shuttle. The Hi-tech's electro-hydraulic shuttle can be programmed to allow the user to denote the gear that the tractor defaults to when the direction changes.

Evaluates the JCB Fastrac 8250 tractor. Inclusion of Fendt's variable transmission in the equipment; Description of the cab; Capability of the engine used; Pros and cons.

Evaluates the XTX tractors from McCormick. Background on its transmission ranges; Design of its cab; Information on its braking system.

This article presents information on the agricultural tractor market. The Challenger name has become synonymous with performance, versatility and reliable power in the agricultural tractor market. So, customers shouldn't expect anything less from a new series of Challenger Endurance diesel engines, which are among the exciting and innovative features found on the redesigned MT600B Series tractors. EEM input allows an operator to program or recall two specific engine speeds with the touch of a button on the right-hand console.

Features the new AutoFarm real time kinematic (RTK) AutoSteer System, a GPS guidance system that can be installed in tractors. Sub-inch accuracy of the RTK Auto Steer System; Capability of AutoFarm-equipped tractors to perform a variety of hand-steering functions; Ease of operating tractors with the AutoFarm system.

Focuses on the applications of the hydrostatic shredder by Brown Bear Corp. in Iowa. Capability of the machine to swallow up small trees and shrubs reducing them to mulch; Features of the traction system suitable for operating conditions; Speed of the cutter.

The article focuses on graduate engineer Alex Master whose hobby is to preserve, restore and display a collection of steam engines made by Robey Co. It informs that Master volunteers at the Robey Trust in Tavistock, Devon, England whose collection includes three steam rollers, two steam tractors and a traction engine. Also it mentions the support offered by his brother Charlie to him.

Focuses on the demonstration of the Traxxar traction/stability control system from General Motors (GM) by Delphi Automotive Systems Corp. Plans of GM to divest itself of all its Delphi shares by the end of 1999; Delphi technologies used by 1999 model cars; Information on Delphi; Appeal of the traction/stability control system in Australia.

The article evaluates a traction control system for the Servo 45S range of ploughs from Pottinger.

The article discusses the importance of tractor weights in obtaining the best traction and fuel economy. A major tractor manufacturer says the total weight of the tractor should range from 110 to 130 pounds per PTO horsepower for mechanical front-wheel drive tractors (MFD) to 100 to 120 pounds per horsepower for four-wheel drive (FWD) tractors. The weight of the MFD tractors doing drawbar work should be 35 percent on the front and 65 percent on the rear axle.

The article evaluates the AGCO LT Series of tractors including AGCO LT85A and LT95A from AGCO Corp.

The article evaluates the new line of compact tractors from the Bobcat Company which includes CT120, CT122, and CT225.

The article evaluates the Rio and Neo series tractors from LG Group and offers information on lift capacity, advantages and cost.

The article presents the partnership agreement between Raven Industries and AutoFarm for the development of Raven's new steering system called QuickTrax. To create one of the easiest to install steering system on the market, the partnership will utilize the AutoFarm OnTrac Mechanical Drive Unit and the Raven's SmarTrax technology. According to Dan Rykhus, general manager of Raven Flow Control Division, the coalition allows Raven customers to easily add steering to their tractors and harvesters.

The article focuses the Maxxum Series Tractor offered by the CASE IH. The company is providing the industry with greater fuel efficiency and more power options for livestock and row crop producers. Like MXU Series, Maxxum Tractor have the versatility and ratio to handle hay tools, row crop implements, heavy loader work and other general farm chores. According to Tom Dean, the marketing manager for mid-horsepower tractors, the new tractor has the efficiency of the Tier three engine.

The article reports on the decision of Agco-owned firm Massey Ferguson to revise its 6400 and 7400 high-horsepower tractors. Beauvais-built Dyna-6 box are fitted in the 64000 range while the Dyna-VT continuously variable transmission are used in the 7400 models. It is said that a chassis type frame are extended into the tier III engine. INSET: CASE MOVES ITS MULTI-CONTROLLER TO MAXXUM RANGE.

The article reports on the victory of Landini's Buffalo 3000 tractor in the 2006 Italian tractor pulling contest. The Landini tractor is slightly more powerful than the tractors normally seen on farms, but according to the Italian manufacturer, the Buffalo 3000 has plenty in common with its standard cousins.

The article evaluates the David Brown 990 Implematic tractor and offers information on its engine, transmission, speed and traction control unit.

The article focuses on the Leyland 285 tractor of farmer Rob Wardhaugh of Scottish Borders. His reasons for acquiring the big six-cylinder tractor are provided. The weight of the tractor is 4 tons. The removability of the engine of the model contributes to its simplicity to work on according to the farmer.

This article reports that McCormick International USA Inc. has introduced the next generation McCormick XTX Series tractor range with six-cylinder outputs. The tractors feature full-function electronic power management for the fuel injection system to allow power boost and speed economy. The McCormick XTX 185 and MCd XTX200 models have more implement lift than the previous models. The new models feature a new transaxle delivering increased lift capacity and improved PTO geometry, and the option of electronic control of all hydraulic functions for the first time.

This article reports that four-cylinder engines pack more power into New Holland Inc.'s latest additions to the TN-A Series tractor line. The new TN85A/TN85DA 69-PTO hp models and TN95A/TN95DA 77-PTO hp models offer more powerful, quieter running engines. The tractors pack enough power to handle big fan sprayers and the equipment used for cleaning poultry houses. The TN95A model features a 4.5L turbo engine. The TND-A models feature a cab with a deluxe air filtration system, a feature that is standard equipment.

Reports on the use of red diesel fuels in tractors and agricultural vehicles. Suggestions of the Treasury/Customs and Excise consultation paper for using such fuels; Requirement of the Hydrocarbon Oils and Duty Act 1979 for tractors using such fuels; Advantages of using red diesel.

Reports on the availability of economy models of New Holland's mid-range TS-A tractors. Capacity; Types; Advantages. INSET: Power 'Plus'.

Features the Cat D9 production crawler tractor from Caterpillar Co. Capacity of its engine; Information on its torque converter; Weight of the tractor torque-converter model.

This article reports that the new Turbo TeeJet Induction (TTI) spray tip design is ideal for use when off-target drift is a concern and excellent overlap distribution is required. Using a unique pre-orifice design, the smaller droplets in the spectrum are eliminated and large, air-filled, drift-resistant droplets are produced. Based on the patented design of the original Turbo TeeJet spray nozzle, the TTI offers many of the same benefits: a wide angle flat spray pattern, excellent spray pattern distribution and an economical polymer construction.

This article reports that manufacturer Sterling Truck Corp. updates its work truck product line for vocational and on-highway customers who need a sleeper truck in their operation. Three sleeper options and a new interior design package are available for A-Line and L-Line set-back tractors. They also feature a bolt-on sleeper design. This type of sleeper is suitable for resale because it can be easily removed, the company says.

Provides information on compact tractors being offered by John Deere. Background on the hydrostatic transmission format of the machine; Price range of the machines. INSET: Right placement of fertiliser.

Introduces the Challenger MT600B Series, a brand new line of tractors from Challenger. Features of the Challenger MT600B Series tractors; Models comprising the redesigned MT600B Series; Incorporation of the innovative TechStar continuously variable transmission as standard equipment in the tractors.

This article presents information regarding the new T-Series track-type tractors, which include models D8T, D9T and D10T. They are powered by Cat engines with ACERT Technology that meet EPA Tier 3 and European Union Stage IIIa exhaust emissions regulations. All three machines are equipped with efficient, low-emissions engines and controllers. operators' stations with improved comfort as well as durable and solid structures. The product is manufactures by Caterpillar Inc.

This article presents information regarding powered traction hoist, the SC1000. It has a load-sensitive traction feature that applies only the traction needed to lift a load, not the full capacity of the hoist. With a voltage range of 170 to 229 Volts, this fully featured hoist operates longer at lower voltage than any hoist on the market, the maker claims.

This article reports that judging by the heavy technological changes in Caterpillar Corp.'s new T-Series tractors, the next century of tracks is shifting from a slow crawl into high gear. Caterpillar's newest earthmoving machines, unveiled late last month and scheduled to arrive next spring, are designed to be more efficient, productive and serviceable than before. Various updated features include cleaner-burning engines, onboard diagnostic tools, electro-hydraulic controls, GPS earthmoving technology and longer oil-change intervals that keep machines working hard in the field rather than waiting for service. Benjamin Holt mounted wooden tracks on his company's steam-powered engine No. 77 and tested it in 1904 in Stockton, California He sold his first "Caterpillar" tractors in 1906 for $5,500.

Deals with the authority received by Same Deutz Fahr UK (SDF UK) from its Italian parent company in November 2004 to take over the distribution of Deutz Fahr tractors in Northern Ireland. Other tractors imported by SDF; Benefits of such distribution take over to SDF UK.

The article focuses on Mahindra USA Inc. which announces the addition of the 4510 CAB tractor to the "10 Series" line of tractors. The 4510 CAB tractor, with a 45 horsepower engine and lift capacity of 2,867 pounds, is a four-cylinder, 4-wheel drive tractor with a four-stroke, indirect injection, water-cooled diesel engine. Standard features include a forward-reverse synchro-shuttle with full synchro speed transmission, 16 speeds, hydrostatic power steering, wet disc brakes and an independent PTO with a safety mechanism and electro-hydraulic clutch. The price for the 4510 CAB tractor is $25,750 and includes a three-year warranty.

The article focuses on McCormick International USA which has announced more additions to its line of tractors as the company continues to work to meet its goal of joining the ranks of major farm equipment manufacturers for the U.S. market. The latest McCormick offering is the C-Max Series, a new range of utility tractors that it says meets the requirements of price-conscious acreage and small farm owners. The company has also introduced its entry in the loader market with the McCormick L700, L900 and L1000 series loaders. The C-Max Series features five models ranging from 59 to 99 engine horsepower that utilize the latest generation of three and four-cylinder Perkins 1100-Series engines.

The article focuses on a new line of small to mid-size farm tractors which will be introduced at the Sunbelt Agricultural Exposition, in Moultrie, Georgia, to be held from October 19-21, 2004, under the brand name Montana Tractors. Montana Tractors are a new breed of lugged, reliable workhorses capable of meeting a variety of job needs from small farming chores to commercial landscaping and grounds maintenance, to utility and construction site tasks. All Montana Tractors feature compact, ergonomic design for handling and operating ease, and mechanical 4-wheel-drive for extra traction and pulling power.

Evaluates the TL100A farm tractor from New Holland. Features of the tractor; Background on the engine; Price.

Provides information on the TM tractor line offered by New Holland. Capabilities of the tractors; Performance of the TM120 tractor used by Cornish farmer Matthew Rowe; Features of the tractor.

Cotton producer David Cochran did what any farmer with welding experience would do when his old tank rack didn't fit his new John Deere tractor. "In 1994, John Deere had just come out with its 8000 Series tractors, which had a componentized frame," explained Cochran, whose family farm raises cotton, rice, soybean and corn, and runs a gin near Avon. The tank racks are formed out of quarter-inch sheet metal plating. "Almost everyone else uses some kind of square tubing that sticks straight out the side," Cochran said. The racks are designed to allow plenty of service access to the tractor.

Deals with the new TVT Series tractors offered by New Holland Inc. Power band; Key features.