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The article discusses the things that ophthalmologists need to know about neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a rare, antibody (Ab)-mediated, inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Topics include clinical characteristics of NMOSD, neuroimaging findings of NMOSD, and factors needed to prevent disability and improve survival rates.

The article discusses the importance for clinicians to be able to distinguish lesions capable of metastasis, tissue destruction and infiltration. It mentions that epithelial cells differentiate commencing at the melanin-containing basal cell layer and migrate toward the skin surface. It states that a thorough lesion examination frequently starts with a detailed history and the patient need to be queried regarding history of cancer, immunosuppression, smoking and ultraviolet exposure. INSETS: Learn the Lingo;ABCs of Skin Lesions;Excisional Biopsy Protocols.

The article discusses advantages and disadvantages of steroids for treatment of glaucoma including inhibition of phagocytosis and the release of growth factors, reduction in scarring, and causing immunosuppression. Topics include views of ophthalmologist Mansour F. Armaly on intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by steroids; and strategies for protecting patient from harmful effect of steroids such as being aware of the condition of the optic nerve.

The article discusses the clinical issues associated with kidney transplantation. It offers clinical information on chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD), along with their prevalence and management in the U.S. An immunology and historical perspective on immunosuppression is provided. The approaches to manage renal and non-renal complications in kidney transplant recipients are also explained.

The article discusses the various drugs and therapies for dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It emphasizes that ACU-4429 nonretinoid molecule and fenretinide retinoid disrupt the conversion of retinol to rhodopsin. It stresses that neuroprotective agents such as ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) decreases photoreceptor cell death in animal models of retinal degeneration. It asserts that the reduction of extracellular deposits and suppression of inflammation can also treat the disease.

This article provides an overview of the care of patients following liver transplantation. It focuses on the immediate post-operative care, the role of the transplant co-ordinator in providing support and education and the long-term follow up required to promote health and quality of life in this specific patient group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infection presents a significant risk for immunocompromised patients. To reduce this risk, various precautions can be implemented and these may affect patients' quality of life. Such precautions are controversial, with varying practices being adopted by different hospitals. This article aims to enhance nurses' knowledge about the current evidence on the interventions designed to reduce the rate of infection in immunocompromised patients who are in hospital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a 2020 study on the safety and tolerability of subretinally transplanted stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and geographic atrophy (GA). Results show positive tolerability with maintained visual acuity and improved vision. Also noted are the reporting of at least 1 adverse event including asthenia and malaise by all patients.

The article some tips for managing ocular cicatricial disease, offered by Clara C. Chan, assistant professor of ophthalmology at the University of Toronto. Topics covered include a step-wise approach required to secure the best results, which begin with keeping the inflammation under control, and the importance of conjunctiva, the tissue that allows for monitoring of inflammation.

The article discusses the use of steroids and immunosuppression therapy for the treatment of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE) and multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS). Topics covered include the benefit of corticosteroids for these patients, the differences in course, prognosis, and treatment of various multifocal choroidopathies, and the advantage of early treatment.

The article reports on the results of an animal study in rats led by Brian Gilger designed to evaluate immunomodulatory gene therapy as a long-term treatment for noninfectious uveitis. Topics covered include the use of intravitreal adeno-associated virus gene therapy to test the effects of immunomodulatory transgenes, HLA-G and equine IL10, results of vector genome biodistribution studies and the reduction in the autoimmune uveitis scores in response to intravitreal injections.

El artículo presenta las sugerencias del autor para seleccionar los productos alimenticios de los probiotics que contienen. Los diversos temas discutidos incluyen subsidios por enfermedad digestivas del probiotics, de su uso en microbiota y de las regulaciones sobre su fuente. Varias enfermedades que se pueden prevenir a través de su consumo incluyendo la immunosupresión, la tensión y el dysbiosis.

The article offers tips to performing cataract surgery in uveitic glaucoma eye. Dr. Mark A. Werner, ophthalmologist at Delray Eye Associates provides insight on poor outcomes due to posterior segment complications of the underlying uveitis, potential problems in uveitic glaucoma patients, and the importance of suppression of inflammation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Also mentioned is the importance of preoperative evaluation of the optic nerve prior to surgery.

The article discusses research in the article "Reduction of HIV Persistence Following Transplantation in HIV Infected Kidney Transplant Recipients" by P. Stock et al. in a 2014 issue of the "American Journal of Transplantation", which found that drugs commonly used to prevent organ transplantation rejection may also help in the treatment of HIV.

The article discusses a study conducted by Doctor Richard S. Hotchkiss and colleagues at Washington University School of Medicine, that is published by the "Journal of the American Medical Association" about the evidence of immunosuppression in patients who died of sepsis and the need to enhance the immune system of septic patients.

The article focuses on the hazards associated with Raptiva, a brand name for the immunosuppressant efalizumab, reported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Studies have indicated that repeated administration of Raptiva to pediatric patients may result to permanent suppression of the immune system. The drug is not approved for children below 18 years old. The manufacturer of the drug is being required by the FDA to submit a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy with information on proper medication for patients.

The article discusses the use of viral suppression as the key to surgical outcome in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive people. Accordingly, people infected with HIV are more likely to develop post-operative pneumonia and have higher 12-month mortality rates than non-infected people. Several researchers from the U.S. undertook a retrospective study of surgical outcomes.

The article discusses SAKURA Study 1 pharmacokinetics data on intravitreal sirolimus (Santen) used to treat noninfectious uveitis of the posterior segment of the eye, that showed minimal systemic exposure to immunoregulatory agent despite repeated dosing. Topics discussed include efficacy of sirolimus for non-infectious uveitis of the posterior segment treatment, and blood concentrations to not have reached threshold required for systemic immunosuppression.

The article discusses a study published in the May 13, 2014 issue of the periodical "British Medical Journal" that examined the contraindication of shingles vaccine in patients with immunosuppressive conditions.

Reports that researchers have determined the three-dimensional structure of a complex that plays a dominant role in immunity. Structure showing a complex between a segment of the protein tyrosine kinase enzyme ZAP-70 and the intracellular tail of the T cell receptor; Seeking for the development of immune system regulatory drugs based on the findings.

The article discusses research which was reported in the article "Quantification of Risk Factors for Herpes Zoster: Population Based Case-Control Study" by H. Forbes et al., which was reported in a 2014 issue of the "British Medical Journal" and found that British patients who are most likely to contract shingles are excluded from a National Health Service vaccination program.

The article offers the author's insights regarding the importance for contact lens wearers to know ho to recognize limbal stem cell deficiency (LCSD) to avoid surgical intervention. The author discusses several topics, which include soft contact lens wearers who have a LCSD, Early signals of stem cell deficiency, including whorl keratopathy, confluent staining, and repopulating the epithelium in cornea, and options for immunosuppression.

The article presents a case report of varicella-associated death involving a four-year-old girl wtih acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is inferred that the patient developed a varicella rash two days after being exposed to a mildly ill cousin. The authors recommend varicella vaccination of household contacts to immunocompromised children.

The article offers clinical management guidelines for scleritis, inflammation of the sclera. It has been stated that symptoms of scleritis are moderate or severe pain, photophobia, epiphora and visual loss. It has been stated that opthalmologist suggest systemic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or systemic immunosuppression drugs for the treatment.

This article discusses research being done on the association between advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related immunosuppression and increased carotid arterial stiffness, referencing a study by E. Seaberg published in the journal "Stroke" in 2010.

The article reports on the positive outcome of the study conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center which treated patients with autoimmune retinopathy. Researchers claimed that after treatment with immunosuppression therapy, patients have improved vision where they can now read a minimum of two additional lines on the standard eye chart. Author John R. Heckenlively said the results challenge the old belief that autoimmune retinopathy is untreatable.

The article reveals that three months of immunosuppression with mitoxantrone HC1 (Novantrone) before treatment with glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) results in fewer brain lesions and fewer relapses in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. According to Timothy Vollmer, it is possible to take current therapies and use them in tandem in a rational way to get much bigger effects that will help prevent brain injury early on.

Reports on the development of the Immune Deficiency Foundation Web site for nurses in Great Britain. Importance of the knowledge of immunology to nurses' understanding of the aetiology; Features of the site; Contributions from a medical advisory committee to the site, which helps ensure the validity and reliability of the contents.

Shingles is not transmitted from patient to patient but chickenpox can be caught by the aerosol route or by direct contact. Patients with shingles should be advised to keep away from pregnant women, the immunosuppressed and those on steroids. It is probably sensible to advise keeping away from babies less than about one month old. However, shingles in pregnancy is very rare. As far as visiting relatives or friends is concerned, it depends on whether any are in risk groups mentioned and whether parents are willing to run the risk of their children developing chickenpox three weeks later.

Discusses results of a research study on the role of immune suppression on preventing stroke, published in the volume 33, 2002 edition of the periodical 'Stroke.'