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Social exclusion is a pervasive phenomenon in the lives of visually impaired individuals. This paper discusses the causes of exclusion as well as strategies for dealing with it. The qualitative in-depth interviewing design was used for the study. Convenience and purposive sampling methods were used in order to select the most relevant participants in the study. Thirty visually impaired individuals from Kwa-Nobuhle Township in the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality, together with twenty Community Development Workers from the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs (COGTA), participated in the study, which took place from June to November 2020. The findings of the study revealed that the causes of exclusion were a lack of independence, a lack of adequate education and skills, a lack of reasonable accommodation, and a lack of community awareness. Potential empowerment strategies for minimising the exclusion of the visually impaired individuals were also presented. They included awareness campaigns, increasing platforms for information sharing, workshops and trainings, improved monitoring and evaluation, and the establishment of more rehabilitation centres for visually impaired individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Democracy in the post-apartheid era South Africa has a culture of violent service delivery protests epitomized by the chanting of liberation songs. The usage of liberation songs during protests in South Africa's Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality is examined in this article (in the Eastern Cape Province). Protests have become a sign of discontent among people in the new South Africa's poor communities, and they are usually violent. The authors discuss the topic of violent protests as well as the study of isiXhosa liberation songs performed by protestors. The paper is qualitative in character, and it examines critically liberation anthems in service delivery protest actions using a narrative approach and a literature review assessment. Symbolic interactionism theory and psychoanalysis theory are used on a theoretical level. Political science, sociology, and development studies have not looked at the topic under question in this work. As a result, this research adds something new to multidisciplinary discussions about the relationship between struggle songs and violent service delivery protests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]