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Cephalometric analysis is used to identify problems in the development of the skull, evaluate their treatment, and plan for possible surgical interventions. The paper aims to develop a Convolutional Neural Network that will analyze the head position on an X-ray image. It takes place in such a way that it recognizes whether the image is suitable and, if not, suggests a change in the position of the head for correction. This paper addresses the exact rotation of the head with a change in the range of a few degrees of rotation. The objective is to predict the correct head position to take an X-ray image for further Cephalometric analysis. The changes in the degree of rotations were categorized into 5 classes. Deep learning models predict the correct head position for Cephalometric analysis. An X-ray image dataset on the head is generated using CT scan images. The generated images are categorized into 5 classes based on a few degrees of rotations. A set of four deep-learning models were then used to generate the generated X-Ray images for analysis. This research work makes use of four CNN-based networks. These networks are trained on a dataset to predict the accurate head position on generated X-Ray images for analysis. Two networks of VGG-Net, one is the U-Net and the last is of the ResNet type. The experimental analysis ascertains that VGG-4 outperformed the VGG-3, U-Net, and ResNet in estimating the head position to take an X-ray on a test dataset with a measured accuracy of 98%. It is due to the incorrectly classified images are classified that are directly adjacent to the correct ones at intervals and the misclassification rate is significantly reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, UNet and its derivative networks have gained widespread recognition as major methods of medical image segmentation. However, networks like UNet often struggle with Point-of-Care (POC) healthcare applications due to their high number of parameters and computational complexity. To tackle these challenges, this paper introduces an efficient network designed for medical image segmentation called MCU-Net, which leverages ConvNeXt to enhance UNet. 1) Based on ConvNeXt, MCU-Net proposes the MCU Block, which employs techniques such as large kernel convolution, depth-wise separable convolution, and an inverted bottleneck design. To ensure stable segmentation performance, it also integrates global response normalization (GRN) layers and Gaussian Error Linear Unit (GELU) activation functions. 2) Additionally, MCU-Net introduces an enhanced Multi-Scale Convolution Attention (MSCA) module after the original UNet's skip connections, emphasizing medical image features and capturing semantic insights across multiple scales. 3)The downsampling process replaces pooling layers with convolutions, and both upsampling and downsampling stages incorporate batch normalization (BN) layers to enhance model stability during training. The experimental results demonstrate that MCU-Net, with a parameter count of 2.19 million and computational complexity of 19.73 FLOPs, outperforms other segmentation models. The overall performance of MCU-Net in medical image segmentation surpasses that of other models, achieving a Dice score of 91.8% and mIoU of 84.7% on the GlaS dataset. When compared to UNet on the BUSI dataset, MCU-Net shows an improvement of 2% in Dice and 2.9% in mIoU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complicated neurodevelopment disorder that is becoming more common day by day around the world. The literature that uses machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) approaches gained interest due to their ability to increase the accuracy of diagnosing disorders and reduce the physician's workload. These artificial intelligence-based applications can learn and detect patterns automatically through the collection of data. ML approaches are used in various applications where the traditional algorithms have failed to obtain better results. The major advantage of the ML algorithm is its ability to produce consistent and better performance predictions with the help of non-linear and complex relationships among the features. In this paper, deep learning with a meta-heuristic (MH) approach is proposed to perform the feature extraction and feature selection processes. The proposed feature selection phase has two sub-phases, such as DL-based feature extraction and MH-based feature selection. The effective convolutional neural network (CNN) model is implemented to extract the core features that will learn the relevant data representation in a lower-dimensional space. The hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm called Seagull-Elephant Herding Optimization Algorithm (SEHOA) is used to select the most relevant and important features from the CNN extracted features. Autism disorder patients are identified using long-term short-term memory as a classifier. This will detect the ASD using the fMRI image dataset ABIDE (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange) and obtain promising results. There are five evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, f1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) used. The validated results show that the proposed model performed better, with an accuracy of 98.6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognition of Kannada Characters is a complex task as the number of classes in Kannada language by considering all combinations of vowels and consonants is 623,893. In this paper, the complexity is reduced from 623,893 to just having 313 classes as Main aksharas (Vowel, Consonants,Vowel modifiers and Consonant modifiers) and 30 classes as vattu aksharas(conjuncts) by using two line segmentation. A novel CNN model for recognition of printed and handwritten Kannada characters is proposed. CNN model with two, three and four layers are designed for Main akshara and Vattu aksharas with different filter size. The database consists of total of 31,300 samples and 3000 samples of printed and handwritten characters of Main akshara and Vattu aksharas respectively. Simulation result revealed that CNN model with four layer architecture is the best model for recognition of Kannada characters. This model achieved a recognition accuracy of 98.83% and 99.29% for printed Main akshara and Vattu aksharas and 82.50% and 80.92% for handwritten main and vattu akshara respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimating similarity using multiple similarity measures or machine learning prediction models is a popular solution to the link prediction problem. The Relation Pattern Deep Learning Classification (RPDLC) technique is proposed in this study, and it is based on multiple neighbor-based similarity metrics and convolution neural networks. The RPDLC first calculates the characteristics for a pair of nodes using neighbor-based metrics and impact nodes. Second, the RPDLC creates a heat map using node characteristics to assess the similarity of the nodes' connection patterns. Third, the RPDLC uses convolution neural network architecture to build a prediction model for missing relationship prediction. On three separate social network datasets, this method is compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms. On all three datasets, the suggested method achieves the greatest AUC, hovering around 99 percent. The use of convolution neural networks and features via relational patterns to create a prediction model are the paper's primary contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the impact of epidemic prevention and control, the floating population supervision department classifies and controls the floating population by industry. There are many personnel management and control points. When the computer-aided management system is used, the outdoor environment is complex and the data interference is large. Therefore, the recognition accuracy of outdoor scenery is required to be higher. In this paper, a convolutional neural network with adaptive weights is proposed. In this method, the feature fusion strategy is combined with the network, and the optimal feature weight is obtained by training the network. In addition, this paper uses multiple two classifiers instead of multiple classifiers to achieve accurate target classification. Experiments show that the method proposed in this paper has excellent performance in the detection of similar objects. The strategy of replacing multi classification network with multi classification network improves the accuracy and recall of target detection in known environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is a medical situation resulting in blurred or no vision in the middle of the eye view. Though this disease doesn't make the person completely blind, it makes it very difficult for the person to perform day to day activities like reading, driving, recognizing people etc. This paper aims to detect ARMD though Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) scans where the drusen in the macula is detected and identify the infected. The images are first passed though Directional Total Variation (DTV) Denoising followed by Active contour algorithm to mark the boundaries of the layers in macula. In deep learning, a convolutional neural network is a class of deep neural networks, most commonly applied to analyzing visual imagery. Then these images categorized as healthy and infected using Convolution Neural Network. Different CNN variant algorithms like Alexnet, VggNet and GoogleNet have been compared in the experiments and the results obtained are better compared to traditional methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Manually verifying the authenticity of the physical documents (personal identity card, certificates, passports, legal documents) increases the administrative overhead and takes a lot of time. Later image processing techniques were used. But most of the image processing based forgery document detection methods are less accurate. To improve the accuracy, this paper proposes an automatic document verification model using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Furthermore, we use Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Linear Binary Pattern (LBP) to extract the textual information and regional edges from the documents. Later, Oriented fast and Rotated Brief (ORB) is used to extract the images from the scanned documents. To train the CNN, MIDV-500 dataset of 256 Azerbaijani passport images, each with the size of 1040*744 pixels is taken. The proposed CNN model uses sliding window operations layers to evaluate the authenticity. The proposed model analyzes both the textual authenticity and image (seal, stamp and hologram) authenticity of the scanned document. The experimental analysis is carried out on the TensorFlow using python programming language. The results derived from the proposed CNN based forgery detection model is compared with existing models and the results are promising to implement on the real time applications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese couplets, as one of the traditional Chinese culture, is the treasure of Chinese civilization and the inheritance of Chinese history. Given a sentence (namely an antecedent clause), people reply with another sentence (namely a subsequent clause) equal in length. Because of the complexity of the semantic and grammatical rules of couplet, it is not easy to create a suitable couplet that meets the requirements of sentence pattern, context, and flatness. With the development of neural models and natural language processing, automatic generation of Chinese couplets has drawn significant attention due to its artistic and cultural value, most of these works mainly focus on generating couplet by given text information, while visual inspirations for couplet generation have been rarely explored. In this paper, we design a Chinese couplet generation model based on NIC (Neural Image Caption), which can compose a piece of couplet suitable to the artistic conception in an image. At first, we use the improved VGG16 model to predict the input image. The content of the image can be automatically recognized and the corresponding description are generated and translated into Chinese keywords. Then, the encoder-decoder framework is used repeatedly to process these keywords, and finally the couplet can be generated. Moreover, to satisfy special characteristics of couplets, we incorporate the attention mechanism into the encoding-decoding process, which greatly improves the accuracy of couplets generated automatically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]