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Soybean is one of the most important industrial crops in the world. The rich nutritional content of the seed is the reason for the increased cultivation of this crop all over the world. However, a large number of phytopathogenic fungi that exist in soybean seeds can reduce the nutritional content, germination, and seed vigor. Soybean seed samples were collected from experimental fields in seven locations in Vojvodina Province, Serbia in the period 2016-2018. From each sample, 100 seeds were randomly selected. Seeds were surface-disinfested in 4% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min, washed two times in sterile water, and dried on a filter paper. All 100 seeds were placed in 20 Petri dishes with standard potato dextrose agar medium (PDA), five seeds in each, and incubated at 22 ± 2°C for seven days, under 12 h of alternating light/dark conditions. The first assessment was performed on the fourth day after isolation. The health status analysis of soybean seed showed that Peronospora manshurica, Macrophominaphaseolina, Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora kikuchii as well as the species from genera Alternaria, Diaporthe, and Fusarium had colonized soybean seed in Serbia over three years. Species from the genus Alternaria and Peronospora manshurica were dominant in all three examined years. Furthermore, it has been noticed that weather conditions, location, and cultivar significantly influenced the intensity of the infection. The results of this study have shown which pathogens pose a threat to successful soybean seed production and help in finding preventive measures to control these pathogens during vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastronomy, as a part of cultural heritage, has exceptional potential in tourism, and its key representatives and conservationists/guardians are hospitality facilities that provide food services. Vojvodina (the Republic of Serbia) is a region inhabited by more than 30 ethnic minorities that have nurtured their cultural heritage and have been incorporating it into gastronomy for many years. The subject of this paper is the gastronomy of ethnic groups in Vojvodina and its significance for tourism development from the point of view of hospitality workers as important actors in the sustainability of heritage. One of the motives behind this study is the twelfth UN sustainable development goal (SDGs) defined in 2015, which refers to providing sustainable forms of consumption and production and which emphasizes the development and application of tools for monitoring the impact that sustainable development has on tourism that promotes local culture and products (12b). The aim of this study was to obtain data on the preservation of heritage, that is, on authenticity within the region/area and ethnic groups, and then to perform a valorization of dishes and define steps on how to make gastronomic heritage a more visible tourist attraction, from the perspective of sustainability. Our survey included a sample of 508 respondents, all employees in the hospitality industry. The obtained results were statistically processed. The research showed that the Južnabačka district has the greatest importance in tourism from the aspect of the implementation, preservation, and sustainability of gastronomic heritage in tourism. Among the ethnic groups, the Vojvodina Hungarians place the greatest importance on the preservation of gastronomy, which includes dishes such as goulash and uses ingredients such as river fish. The research led to the conclusion that those in the hospitality industry are of the opinion that gastronomic heritage should be promoted through activities such as tourist exposure, marketing activities, and promoting the diversity of authentic food offers in catering facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of Serbia must make significant efforts to promote and exploit renewable energy sources and increase energy efficiency in all energy sectors to ensure energy security and economic competitiveness, reduce the negative impact on the environment from energy production and use, and contribute to global efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. Within the paper several issues of integration of recently realized CHP plant are introduced and discussed. Firstly, the legal and energy policy issues in the Republic of Serbia regarding connecting CHP to the grid are presented. The challenges and technical solutions for CHP connection to the grid, as well as power quality issues and the role of the CHP plant during the restoration of power supply during the maintenance of the substation and unplanned loss of high voltage supply, are presented and discussed. Finally, the impact of prospective massive integration of CHP on the energy balance and CO2 emission reduction in the province of Vojvodina in Serbia is investigated and discussed. Since it is the first CHP plant realized in Serbia, it is crucial that experience be shared to all potential stakeholders in the future energy efficiency projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research presented in this paper is among the first attempts to research burnout at work in healthcare workers (HCWs) in Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is designed to examine the level, correlates and predictors of burnout in healthcare professionals of three healthcare institutions in Novi Sad, Serbia, during September 2020. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory, work burnout scale (CBI-WB) was applied, and a questionnaire designed for research purposes to collect basic demographic data, information on the work environment and on the perception of working conditions, as well as on job satisfaction. The sample includes 133 respondents, 28 males and 105 females, aged 21 to 65. The obtained value on the CBI scale shows that on average subjects had a moderate to high degree of burnout symptoms; and 52.6% can be placed in category with a high level of burnout. Significantly higher values of burnout were registered in the employees in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina than in those in the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina. Within the final model, which explained 57% of the variance of the criteria and which was statistically significant, predictors of a smaller number of symptoms of work related burnout were higher job satisfaction (β = -.503, p <.001) and less stress response (β = .353, p <.001), which led us to the conclusion that the level of burnout can be lowered by improving working conditions and atmosphere in teams, and by raising overall job satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Saline habitats of the Pannonian plain are specific regarding their extraordinary biodiversity with many endemic species, yet they are among the most threatened European communities with limited spatial distribution. These habitats are present in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina in the north of Serbia, in the area of Srednja Mostonga, and they are in the procedure of protection as the II category protected area - "region of exceptional characteristics". Great variety of rare and endemic species makes this area interesting for recreational and educational activities. In this paper we investigate micrometeorological and outdoor thermal comfort conditions in different natural environments at the area of Srednja Mostonga. This is the first micrometeorological field measurement study conducted in this region. Measurements were performed during the daytime of a sunny autumn day in 2019. The results showed that daytime air temperature was up to 3.4 °C lower in forest compared to steppe, while relative humidity was up to 5-6% higher in forest than in steppe with up to 3.2 m/s lower wind speeds in forest than in steppe area. Micrometeorological values were similar between forest-steppe and steppe. However, the outdoor thermal comfort conditions expressed via Humidex showed that 'some discomfort' was most often observed in forest-steppe during 27% of measurement time, followed with 13% of 'some discomfort' observed in steppe and only 1% of 'some discomfort' was observed in forest. Accordingly, during the warmest daytime hours outdoor activities could be performed in forest, while early morning and evening hours could be spent in steppe and forest-steppe areas of Srednja Mostonga. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past two decades, many researchers, as well as hotel management, conducted surveys on visitor satisfaction with service quality of hospitality products. However, there is a lack of investigation of the perceived quality of hotels products in Vojvodina whose economy is still in the stage of adjustment to the new economic conditions due to the transition and ownership transformation. Thus, the aim of this study is to identify all the specific factors of hotel product and to point out the necessity of strengthening them in order to reach the level of satisfaction of customers of services provided. Data were collected from a sample of guests staying at various city hotels in Vojvodina (Serbia), rated with 1 up to 5 stars. Two types of analyses were performed to reach this objective: the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and after that, the one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) with the view of determining a substantive effect of factors in different hotel categories. The paper identifies five major attributes as the most influential factors of the hotel product quality, i.e. front office services, employees, hotel facilities, restaurant service and the location of facilities. The discussion of findings leads to some suggestions on how to reach the hotel-product improvement and the specialization of hotels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vojvodina Province is a major alfalfa producer in Serbia with approximately 35.7% of total area and total production share of approximately 43.1%. In this paper, the data on area, production and yield of alfalfa observations from 1947 to 2018 and their variation and trends are analysed. The data indicate wide differences in the harvested area, total production and yield of alfalfa. The analysis of data indicates that harvested area and total production of alfalfa have declined over the past decades. Yield trend shows strong yield increase during 1950-1980 followed by periods of declined growth rates to 1990. After 1990s, dry matter yield has been stagnant. However, the increase, decrease and stagnation in yield are not strictly linear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fruška Gora is a mountain located in the southern part of Pannonian plane and it is poorly bryologicaly investigated as well as most parts of Serbia. First data on bryophytes, for this region, were published in 1949 by Teodor Soška in his paper Pregled mahovina i lišajeva u okolini Beograda (Review of mosses and lichens in the vicinity of Belgrade). Soška listed 34 species of mosses and 8 liverworts species for this region. Later, in 1955, Zlatko Pavletić in his capital work Prodromus flore briofita Jugoslavije (Prodromus of Yugoslavian bryophyte flora), stated 26 moss species and 3 liverwort species, without indicating specific localities, but all of them were Soška's original results. In 1966, the second botanist with original findings of bryophytes on Fruška Gora was Popović, who recorded 2 liverwort and 19 moss species, for this mountain, also without specific localities. By far, the most comprehensive data were given by Cvetić and Sabovljević in 2004. Their study A contribution to the bryophyte flora of Fruška Gora (Vojvodina, Serbia) counted total number of 118 mosses and 14 liverworts, on 16 localities within National park Fruška Gora. The latest study on bryophytes of Fruška Gora was in 2013, and it is the first and so far, the last study of bryophyte assemblages on grasslands. Authors of this paper recorded 18 species of mosses from 29 releveé. Complete bryophyte flora of Fruška Gora is still unknown. Considering the fact that this is the region with high biodiversity, dense hydrological network and a rather complex geology, Fruška Gora certainly deserves further bryological researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the paper is to investigate the influence of formal education level on decision-making process when choosing a tourist destination based on multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The survey was conducted on the sample of 252 respondents from Bačka region (Vojvodina/Serbia). Also, this study strives to examine the influence of education level on decision-making process including all five phases of decision-making process: need awareness, information search, alternatives estimation, purchase and purchase evaluation, applied to the process of choosing coastal regions as tourist destinations. The study shows that education level is related to four out of five phases of decision-making process (only in case of need awarness there is no statisticaly significant difference). This is especially important for creation of a marketing platform with promotional acitivities adjasted to different market segments diferentiated by education level. Moreover, the study discusses differences in behaviour of diffrent educational groups while choosing travel destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the mutual interdependence of rainfall and yield of wheat and corn in Vojvodina in the period from 1975 to 2005 is analysed by applying the regression and correlation analysis. The results show that the amount of rainfall in April and May (wheat) and in the period from April to August (corn) has an important impact on yields height of these crops. If we want to use the weather derivatives, as new financial instruments in wheat and corn production, it is necessary to take this fact into account, since successful application of weather derivatives is based on reduction of the production-related basis risk that arises when there is a weaker correlation between weather parameters and yield of certain crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim. Hand injuries in agriculture are characterized by massive destruction of all tissues, frequent amputations of finger, hand and often the whole extremity. These injuries are mutilant and can cause death. The aim of this paper was to show the specificities of hand injuries in agriculture in regard to hand injuries of other etiology. Methods. We analyzed patients that were treated in the Departement for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Clinical Center Vojvodina, during a five-year period (2003-2007) because of hand injuries. Results. In a five-year period there were 366 patients hospitalized because of hand injuries, out of whom 36 injuries were related to agricultural machinery use. In both groups the number of patients trended to increased, with male gender being dominant. Most of the patients were young or middle-aged men. In agricultural injuries most of the patients were in the group of 41-50-year old (30%), while in the other group, the patients were younger (21-30-year old). Hand injuries in agriculture resulted in finger amputation in 92%, while in the other group that number was much smaller (13%). Skin defect reconstruction in agricultural injuries required complex methods of skin grafting or skin flaps in more than 71%, while this was necessary in only 10% of other hand injuries. Conclusion. Hand injuries in agriculture are very mutilant and often result in conquassation and finger amputation. A possibility to preserve tissue damaged in this way is very limited, and skin closer usually requires complex methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was established on 1 st of December 1918. Shortly after emergence of the new state, commenced the process of forming the judicial system in the territory of Vojvodina. Very important for organizing a network of courts of law in the territory of Vojvodina was establishment of the Appellate Court in Novi Sad. After the Department B. of the Court of Cassation was established, forming of the judicial system in the territory of Vojvodina was completed. Appelatte Court in Novi Sad had an important role in the judiciary system in the territory of Vojvodina because, as an organ of supervising, it was mediator between the courts of lower jurisdiction and Ministry of Justice of Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes in Belgrade. The article also discusses the contents of the unique Law on the Organization of Courts of Law in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and presents judicial instances which, according to Law, existed in the territory of Vojvodina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]