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The precipitation estimation with high spatial and temporal resolution over Tibet is of great significance for monitoring the stability of the plateau ecosystem and early warning of natural disasters. In response to the problem of the unsatisfactory accuracy in traditional real-time precipitation inversion methods and quantitative accuracy estimation products in this region. This paper adopts deep-learning methods to explore the corresponding relationship between precipitation and multi-band observation data from geostationary satellite imagery. The U-High Resolution Network (U-HRNet) as backbone is fully exploited to generate multi-scale features and fused using attention gates to extract high-resolution spatial representations representing precipitation clouds, thereby achieving precipitation estimation of target clouds at different scales. In addition, in response to the characteristics of high precipitation intensity and drastic cloud cluster changes in summer convective weather within a short period of time, a multi-head attention mechanism is introduced to extract temporal information from time series inputs and fuse it with spatial features to improve the accuracy of real-time precipitation estimation. Compared with the operational precipitation products and baseline deep-learning models, the classification metrics such as Probability of detection (POD), False Alarm Ratio (FAR) and Critical success index (CSI) show that the proposed model (U-HRNet+) has better performance in test set and has high generalization ability for estimating short-term heavy rainfall over Tibet and its surrounding areas in summer. Therefore, the proposed model has the potential to serve as a more accurate and reliable satellite-based precipitation estimation product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report five new dinosaur track sites in Chaya County, about 120 km southeast of Changdu City. The track assemblages are dominated by sauropods (45 tracks), which have been identified tentatively as cf. Brontopodus. Also present are two thyreophoran trackways consisting of 13 tracks that show strong similarities with the ichnogenus Deltapodus, the potential trackmakers of which were probably stegosaurids. The sauropod tracks from the Chaya region are dominated by large tracks with different affinities if compared to those of the Changdu area. The isolated sauropod tracks from Changdu and Chaya regions show similar morphological patterns, but those from the Chaya region lack large scale tracks. This paper compares and discusses the known ichno and body fossil records of sauropods, theropods, and ornithischians from the Middle Jurassic of Yunnan, Sichuan, and eastern Tibet and their importance for our understanding of dinosaur faunas from this region. The absence of basal neornithischian records in the Yunnan and Changdu regions is likely a preservational bias but also an ecological pecularity cannot be completely excluded. The palaeogeographic position of the four sampled skeleton and track sites suggests the possible existence of a corridor through which faunal exchanges were taking place throughout the Jurassic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historical origins of the Tibet issue in Sino-Indian relations remain understudied. Most diplomatic histories on this subject focus on the highest levels of government, glossing over the immense role of domestic actors in shaping the Tibet question in the India-China relationship. This paper aims to address this gap by studying the domestic response to Dalai Lama's flight to India. Specifically, it analyses the domestic and international advocacy of the noted freedom fighter Jayaprakash Narayan. The paper highlights how Narayan's advocacy was critical in building global and public opinion on the Tibet question, culminating in the passage of Resolution 1723 at the United Nations. It argues that understanding his actions on Tibet is critical because of its negative impact on the Indian government's policy of preventing the issue from gaining international recognition – a gesture aimed at steadying the declining relationship with China. By hindering the government's efforts at damage control, the paper demonstrates how Jayaprakash Narayan's advocacy was a key factor explaining why Sino-Indian ties precipitously declined over the Tibet issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]