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Despite renewed interest in international security cooperation after 9-11, security coordination between Mexico, Canada and the United States has been limited. Lack of policy coordination between these three countries is no surprise. They all have developed different security doctrines and practices that are not likely to be changed in the near future. Hence, this paper will analyze the security policies of three North American countries from the end of World War II to the September 11 attacks. Post-World War II analysis will allow me to analyze how structural conditions regarding bipolarity interacted with the domestic conditions of each country. The second period to be analyzed, pre-September 11, will illustrate how structural changes are not immediately translated into new security doctrines, at least not in the near future. Policy adaptation tends to be slow and not always progressive. This paper will be structured in five sections. The first three sections will examine each country’s security doctrines during the Cold War period, focusing on the interaction between international and domestic politics. The fourth section will compare and contrast how each country reacted differently vis-à-vis the end of the Cold War. Finally, the last section will evaluate the implications of these findings and its impact on North American security cooperation. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the impact of the recent Canadian statements on national security and foreign policy on the cooperation in the field of non-military security between Canada and the United States of America. We will start by analyzing comparatively the new statement from april 2005 and the former White Book from 1995 and than we will try to see what changes have already been made on the ground - at Canada-US border for instance - and what could be the consequences at mid- and long-term. A research variable will be the question of Canadian values, which are partially common and partially different from the US ones. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]