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This meta-analysis examines the inconsistent findings across experimental studies that compared children's learning outcomes with digital and paper books. We quantitatively reviewed 39 studies reported in 30 articles (n = 1,812 children) and compared children's story comprehension and vocabulary learning in relation to medium (reading on paper versus on-screen), design enhancements in digital books, the presence of a dictionary, and adult support for children aged between 1 and 8 years. The comparison of digital versus paper books that only differed by digitization showed lower comprehension scores for digital books. Adults' mediation during print books' reading was more effective than the enhancements in digital books read by children independently. However, with story-congruent enhancements, digital books outperformed paper books. An embedded dictionary had no or negative effect on children's story comprehension but positively affected children's vocabulary learning. Findings are discussed in relation to the cognitive load theory and practical design implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the effects of the reading medium (print vs. digital) on readers' visual patterns, reading performance, and reading attitudes. Two within-subject experiments were conducted with 74 readers, who read articles using three reading media: print, computer, and tablet. The experimental results showed that in terms of visual patterns, readers exhibited a shorter fixation duration and a higher fixation count during print reading than during screen reading; reading performance, as measured on the basis of reading comprehension and reading time, was equivalent across all three media; however, in terms of reading attitude, readers reported higher levels of perceived understanding, perceived confidence, and perceived immersion and lower levels of perceived fatigue for reading printed text than reading from a device screen. Therefore, the performance gap between print and screen reading is narrowing. However, printed text may still be the preferred mode of reading, as demonstrated by the readers' preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appraisal of a scientific paper in your area of expertise or interest requires some skills and careful planning to make the most efficient use of your time. The most important skills you need are critical appraisal skills. A careful planning scheme for appraisal of a scientific paper however, largely depends on the reasons for reading i.e. to keep yourself up-to-date, to carry out a literature review in order to write a research proposal, or to conduct a journal club, etc. Nonetheless, a careful comprehensive planning scheme should at the very least encompass some general steps and the aim of the present article is to provide the details of such general steps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the relationship between North American and Latin American literary discourses and identities. Particular focus is given to the roles of experience and reading in North American and Latin American concepts of authorship, respectively. Topics include aesthetics, writers Roberto Bolaño and Francisco Goldman, and U.S. Latino fiction

À l'aube de leur cinquantième année d'existence en tant que publication savante, les Papers/Cahiers de la Société bibliographique du Canada continuent de jouer un rôle primordial dans l'histoire du livre au Canada. Cet article donne un aperçu historique des Papers/Cahiers et de leur évolution au fil des ans y compris des notices biographiques des principaux rédacteurs et collaborateurs. Il contient également des observations pertinentes au sujet du contenu intellectuel et culturel des Papers/Cahiers, des points de repères et des données bibliographiques en mettant surtout l'accent sur l'histoire du livre au Canada durant les deux dernières décennies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the plight of book reviewers. The reviewer is a person with many difficulties. Even if he manages to get at the grub, the reviewer is still regarded suspiciously as an ungrateful swine, like a guest at table who complains about the lack of taste in another man's cooking. Reviewing is therefore presumably not a job for those who value human company, or other people's opinions. The reviewer, out- and downcast, cuts a sad and sorry figure: sitting alone late at night, watching the clock, sipping imitation absinthe, buttering other men's toast, licking his fingers, and biting and unbuttoning his lip. Certainly, it is true, the reviewer needs an iron stomach, blinkers, and empty pockets, and it is undoubtedly a job for the thick-skinned and the fleet of wrist. Those who possess neither should be warned off, and, anyway, anyone with any sense soon gives it up. Being a reviewer requires to read fast. The reviewer is usually working during the day--one cannot make a living reviewing--and so one has to read and write about the books at night, before bedtime. It is always a race before sleep. It is difficult to say whether reading fast is better or worse, or feels different from reading slowly, because once one has begun to read fast, one cannot remember what it was like to ever read slowly.

Focuses on a manuscript plan for a collection of essays by author Margaret Fuller that were written in 1846. Information on her role in the lawsuit brought by Harro Harring against Harper Brothers; Escalation of her political involvement; Themes and characters of the essays.

Part book and part toy, the 1905 "The House That Glue Built" gave young readers an opportunity to cut and paste paper objects into rooms found within the book's pages. Its Arts and Crafts design was a novel departure from other Glue Books at the turn of the twentieth century, and a sophisticated marketing agenda by publisher Frederick A. Stokes helped propel its success. This article examines "The House that Glue Built "as book, object, and toy and traces its evolution within the publishing world from concept to international best seller, becoming the cornerstone of the seventeen-volume Glue Series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This first novel of Mexican film director, scriptwriter, poet, multi-award-winning playwright, journalist, and political activist, Sabina Berman, appeared in English translation in 2012. Berman's autistic narrator, Karen Nieto, uses notebooks and diaries to produce a memoir-style narrative that undercuts Cartesian understandings of rational human(ist) subjectivity; Nieto is embodied, and embedded in the world, then she attributes meaning. This paper argues that Berman repositions readers in relation to standard human subjectivity and values by consistently calling attention to differences between (an assumed) neurotypical reader and the representation of a neurodivergent narrator. Taking a Disability Rights perspective, Berman refuses to subsume the narrator's neurodivergence to a neurotypical plot by representing her as an autistic savant or allowing her life story to be reduced to pain and suffering through social or medicalized deficits. An enactive reading of this autistic narrative highlights differences between neurotypical and neurodivergent positions without favoring the former as a point of origin or destination thereby facilitating a revaluation of what it means to be human. It highlights embodiment and embeddedness in environment. The paper also examines stylistic features of the text's materiality that engage with echolalia and alexithymia to analyze how they enable defamiliarization to reposition readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to discover the impact of e-media on reading habits of teenagers aged 13-19 in Colombo district, Sri Lanka. A questionnaire was distributed among two schools to find out the demographic information, the nature and extent of reading habits, the media other than books that they are interested in and the attitudes towards Reading and E-media. Main conclusions of the study are that both groups using emedia as well as books and having positive attitudes towards reading, books and e-media. Using E –media does not affect their studies or social life. Since the majority of teenagers are heavy media users, the researcher suggests using e-media to enhance reading habits among them and to improve the quality of reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the book "The Survival Papers: Anatomy of a Midlife Crisis," by Daryl Sharp. This book draws on the basic concepts of Jungian psychology to explore the experience and meaning of conflict, depression and many other symptoms associated with psychological problems in the middle years of life.

In this article the journal "Feminist Economics" invites submissions of papers, short discussions, and book reviews for a special issue on "Gender, China, and the World Trade Organization" to be published in 2007. The editors encourage scholars in all disciplines to consider submitting abstracts for papers on the gender implications of China's entry into the WTO. The deadline for submission of abstracts was October 1, 2004. Late abstract submissions may be considered at the discretion of the editors. If the editors accept an abstract, the completed manuscript will be due by April 1, 2005. China's accession to the WTO at the end of 2001 is having far-reaching effects on people and institutions in China and on the country's trading partners around the world.

The article presents abstracts related to mass media on topics which include new media technology, the representation of reality by media, and a decline in book reading among Icelandic youth.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of public support through equity instruments on firm performance, as measured by growth in employment, turnover and innovative activities. Design/methodology/approach: The paper draws on available academic literature and policy evaluation studies and using a mixed-method approach based on evaluation synthesis. Findings: The key findings reflect positive, albeit quantifiably small, outcomes for this type of policy intervention for employment and turnover and no effect on innovation. There is some concentration of positive results, which is also dependent on the number and quality of the available target companies. Research limitations/implications: The evaluations used in this study vary considerably in their design, nature and the input and output variables used and, thus, limit a robust comparison of their outputs. Most of the evaluations examined in this paper did not control for multiple simultaneous treatment effects and/or subsequent funding rounds. Practical implications: The evaluations are rarely designed to compare the treatment effects of alternative policy choices. Only seldom is an evaluation designed to assess the impact of the scheme in the context of the broader policy mix (with its framework conditions, etc.) which would provide more fine-grained policy implications. Originality/value: The recent literature (Duruflé et al., 2017, Da Rin et al., 2011) highlights the dearth of studies exploring the role of government policies supporting venture and, more broadly, equity investments beyond comparisons of the efficiency of independent venture capital and government-backed venture capital. Most studies explore the impact in terms of exits, initial public offering and leverage effects whereas fewer studies look at output effects on companies such as turnover and employment growth. The paper aims to collect the existing evidence including less analysed policy evaluation studies and draw lessons for public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past three decades, research on the established linkages between solid waste management and psychological models has progressed rapidly. This informs statutory bodies that wish to design an effective solid waste management system. To further address this crucial task, this paper examined the existing literature on behavioral approaches applied to the study of solid waste. Through a systematic literature review approach, we identified, analyzed, and synthesized available literature across various geographical regions. Based on an analysis of 80 articles, we found that high-income countries (61%) are overrepresented in the existing literature, in which the USA (44%) has contributed the most. Most articles targeted recycling behavior (59%) by applying individual behavior theories (90%), in which the theory of planned behavior was widely tested (46%). In addition, 65% of the articles conducted model testing and 51% conducted empirical studies, revealing a dearth of evaluation studies in the literature. Cluster analyses revealed that psychological factors, comprising 34 variables, were extensively used, allowing future researchers to explore relevant variables from inter-disciplinary domains by adopting a pragmatic paradigm approach. In summary, this review identified four research gaps, recommended paths for future research, and concluded by highlighting the need of investigating social elements to tackle solid waste issues. Implications: The systematic review presented in this paper is an original contribution to the aforementioned body of knowledge. It makes the case for more researchers, teachers, and students to undertake behavioral projects, thus creating awareness among citizens to participate in waste management activities. The research gaps identified here also highlight the scope for future studies in under-explored areas and in the implementation of pro-environmental models to build a clean and green environment. Furthermore, the findings facilitate the formulation of pro-environmental laws, regulations, and policies in developing countries, where there is a higher need for strict environmental regulations focused on sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating the complexity of an engineered system is challenging for any organization, even more so when operating in a System‐of‐Systems (SoS) context. Here, we analyze one particular decision support tool as an illustratory case study. This tool has been used for several years by Thales Group to evaluate system complexity across a variety of industrial engineering projects. The case study is informed by analysis of semistructured interviews with systems engineering experts within the Thales Group. This analysis reveals a number of positive and negative aspects of (i) the tool itself and (ii) the way in which the tool is embedded operationally within the wider organization. While the first set of issues may be solved by making improvements to the tool itself, informed by further comparative analysis and growing literature on complexity evaluation, the second "embedding challenge" is distinct, seemingly receiving less attention in the literature. In this paper, we focus on addressing this embedding challenge, by introducing a complexity evaluation framework, designed according to a set of principles derived from the case study analysis; namely that any effective complexity evaluation activity should feature collaborative effort toward building an evaluation informed by a shared understanding of contextually relevant complexity factors, iterative (re‐)evaluation over the course of a project, and progressive refinement of the complexity evaluation tools and processes themselves through linking project evaluations to project outcomes via a wider organizational learning cycle. The paper concludes by considering next steps including the challenge of assuring that such a framework is being implemented effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the scene of the learning of reading and the encounter with the Book as six contemporary writers narrate in their memoirs. Through the analysis of three autobiographemes related to this experience of the childhood -the mentor's influence; the school rebellion; the list of influential literary works-, we will appreciate the consoling and corrective power of the book during the Spanish Civil War and the earlier years of the Francoist regime. From this approach, this paper will show, on the one hand, how the main characters of the selected memoirs reject the imposed literary canon, as well as the formal educational system in favor of self-learning. On the other, it will give us a portrait of Spanish society in those repressive years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Considering (1) that reading proficiency is fundamental for educational success, (2) the reciprocal relationship between affective aspects of reading (e.g., reading attitude and motivation) and reading behaviour and ability, (3) the alarming decline in students' reading attitude throughout primary and secondary education and (4) the rather large group of pre‐service teachers starting teacher education with a negative reading attitude, this study used a person‐centred approach to examine the development of pre‐service teachers' reading attitude throughout teacher education and how it relates to their perceived reading ability and reading behaviour. Methods: In a sample of 128 pre‐service teachers, cluster (movement) analysis was executed at the start of teacher education and near graduation to identify different reading attitude clusters and possible changes throughout teacher education. A distinction between purpose (recreational vs academic) and context (personally vs socially oriented) was made when assessing reading attitude components. Results: Three reading attitude profiles (i.e., personally oriented, socially oriented and low attitude) were corroborated at both measurement occasions. Cluster movement analysis identified that the majority remained in the same profile over time (53–62%). When pre‐service teachers did switch profile, they most likely evolved towards the personally‐ or socially‐oriented profile (reading as a mere personal activity vs willing to interact about reading, respectively). Convergent validity evidence was found in that pre‐service teachers in the low‐attitude profile (24%) were least likely to read and perceived themselves as least competent in reading. They further appeared to be least willing to invest in reading promotion in their future school(s) of all profiles. Conclusions: It may be worrisome that about one fourth of the pre‐service teachers in this sample enters the profession with a rather negative reading attitude. Encouragingly, the majority of pre‐service teachers either retained or increased their positive reading attitude throughout teacher education. Highlights: What is already known about this topicDifferences in reading attitude are related to differences in reading behaviour and perceived reading ability.There is a declining trend in primary and secondary school students' reading attitude, starting at the end of primary school.Nearly half of all pre‐service teachers start teacher education with a negative reading attitude. What this paper adds Person‐centred movement analysis provided a basis to map the stability and change of pre‐service teachers' reading attitude profiles' throughout teacher education.Pre‐service teachers' reading attitude remains rather stable throughout teacher education and is related to reading behaviour and perceived reading ability.Almost one fourth of the pre‐service teachers graduate with a quite negative reading attitude. Implications for theory, policy or practice The urgency to address reading attitude more adequately in teacher education and to attend more closely to pre‐service teachers' individual differences in reading attitude.The importance of using a longitudinal approach to gain insight into reading attitude development throughout teacher education and preferably also during the first crucial years in the profession.This longitudinal study could be a possible step in the process of (re)designing teacher education programs and continuing professional development trajectories in relation to reading attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents books about analytical psychology. "Spirit and Nature. Papers from the Eranos Yearbooks," edited by Joseph Campbell; "Psychoanalytic Psychology of Nonnal Development," by Anna Freud; "Infantile Origins of Sexual Identity," by Herman Roiphe and Eleanor Galenson.

The article presents a list of books received by the July 1984 issue of the journal "Folia Linguistica." Some of them are "Arabic Linguistics--An Introduction and Bibliography," by Muhammad H. Bakalla, "Bloomfield Leonard: An Introduction to the Study of Language," by Joseph F. Kees, "Theorie und Praxis," edited by Frier Wolfgang, "Selected Papers in Structural Linguistics," by Bohumil Trnka.

In simulation-based realization of complex systems, we are forced to address the issue of computational complexity. One critical issue that must be addressed is the approximation of reality using surrogate models to replace expensive simulation models of engineering problems. In this paper, we critically review over 200 papers. We find that a framework for selecting appropriate surrogate modeling methods for a given function with specific requirements has been lacking. Having such a framework for surrogate model users, specifically practitioners in industry, is very important because there is very limited information about the performance of different models before applying them on the problem. Our contribution in this paper is to address this gap by creating practical guidance based on a trade-off among three main drivers, namely, size (how much information is necessary to compute the surrogate model), accuracy (how accurate the surrogate model must be) and computational time (how much time is required for the surrogate modeling process). Using the proposed guidance a huge amount of time is saved by avoiding time-consuming comparisons before selecting the appropriate surrogate model. To make this contribution, we review the state-of-the-art surrogate modeling literature to answer the following three questions: (1) What are the main classes of the design of experiment (DOE) methods, surrogate modeling methods and model-fitting methods based on the requirements of size, computational time, and accuracy? (2) Which surrogate modeling method is suitable based on the critical characteristics of the requirements of size, computational time and accuracy? (3) Which DOE is suitable based on the critical characteristics of the requirements of size, computational time and accuracy? Based on these three characteristics, we find six different qualitative categories for the surrogate models through a critical evaluation of the literature. These categories provide a framework for selecting an efficient surrogate modeling process to assist those who wish to select more appropriate surrogate modeling techniques for a given function. It is also summarized in Table 4 and Figs. 2, 3. MARS, response surface models, and kriging are more appropriate for large problems, acquiring less computation time and high accuracy, respectively. Also, Latin Hypercube, fractional factorial designs and D-Optimal designs are appropriate experimental designs. Our contribution is to propose a qualitative evaluation and a mental model which is based on quantitative results and findings of authors in the published literature. The value of such a framework is in providing practical guide for researchers and practitioners in industry to choose the most appropriate surrogate model based on incomplete information about an engineering design problem. Another contribution is to use three drivers, namely, computational time, accuracy, and problem size instead of using a single measure that authors generally use in the published literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Given increasing interest in using the capability approach for health economic evaluations and a growing literature, this paper aims to synthesise current information about the characteristics of capability instruments and their application in health economic evaluations.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to assess studies that contained information on the development, psychometric properties and valuation of capability instruments, or their application in economic evaluations.Results: The review identified 98 studies and 14 instruments for inclusion. There is some evidence on the psychometric properties of most instruments. Most papers found moderate-to-high correlation between health and capability measures, ranging between 0.41 and 0.64. ASCOT, ICECAP-A, -O and -SCM instruments have published valuation sets, most frequently developed using best-worst scaling. Thirteen instruments were originally developed in English and one in Portuguese; however, some translations to other languages are available. Ten economic evaluations using capability instruments were identified. The presentation of results show a lack of consensus regarding the most appropriate way to use capability instruments in economic evaluations with discussion about capability-adjusted life years (CALYs), years of capability equivalence and the trade-off between maximisation of capability versus sufficient capability.Conclusion: There has been increasing interest in applying the capability-based approach in health economic evaluations, but methodological and conceptual issues remain. There is still a need for direct comparison of the different capability instruments and for clear guidance on when and how they should be used in economic evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Apprenticeship programmes are designed to provide young trainees with essential broad-based skills. Through apprenticeships, different sectors that are underpopulated can fill up their skills gaps. Apprenticeships are particularly useful to the construction sector which has a high ageing workforce and associated lower labour productivity. However, the completion rates of apprenticeship training programmes in the construction sector remain low in several countries across the globe. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to review the published research on apprenticeship training that is specifically focused on the construction sector, to determine the current status quo and suggest a direction for future research. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review approach was adopted. Based on a comprehensive search using SCOPUS databases, 33 relevant journal articles were identified and analysed. Findings: It was found that monitoring and control is the most mentioned factor responsible for improvements in the completion rates of apprenticeship training. In contrast, the length of time required for going through the full training is the most common factor responsible for low completion rates. Three research gaps were identified, among which is the dearth of studies that has focused on apprentices training in developing countries. Research limitations/implications: The gaps identified in the current knowledge on apprenticeship training would serve as a justification for future investigations. However, the scope of the review is limited to papers published in academic journals and citable through SCOPUS. Practical implications: The outcomes of the study provide researchers and other relevant stakeholders with a concise report on the findings of previous studies. It also provides insight into strategies for improving the completion rates of apprenticeship training in the construction sector. Originality/value: A systematic evaluation of the extant literature draws on theoretical evidence and highlights the factors that are more likely to influence the outcomes of apprentice training for craftspeople in the construction sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a rationale for the typefaces chosen for the publication Technologies of Romance: Part II written by Paul O'Kane and celebrated at a symposium held at the Science Museum in November 2018. In setting out this rationale the paper broadens its considerations to reflect on the extent to which typefaces might in themselves usefully be considered as technologies of Romance. It locates the practice of noting in print the typeface used in a given publication both historically and within contemporary practice. The recording of the decisions informing the making of a book starts to hint at the nature of the book itself as a technology, and allows for some discussion of the values of 'making' books within both past and present contexts of production, including the challenge of digital readers. Elaboration on the decisions concerning the use of a given typeface for a publication then opens out a discussion of the intention behind selection, and both the functional and emotional ambitions of the typeface choice. The associative aims informing selection of a typeface are explored against an understanding of the associative embedding of meaning within aspects of the terminology of typefaces, as well as the scripts they represent and their designed forms. The paper explores for example the imperial associations embedded in the character shapes of the basic letterforms, as well as the technological implications of the terms such as uppercase and lowercase and the problematic colonial implications of the term 'Latin' to describe the script in question. In considering the archival possibilities of typefaces as technologies the paper concludes by reflecting on examples of digital typeface design practice, which have actively sought to re-imagine a previous era of letterpress typesetting technology and the possibilities for investigating ongoing Romantic ideals within this very particular and highly specialised design discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Product design and development (PDD) involves various types of tradeoffs, for which multi-objective optimization has been a prevailing approach. Complex PDD optimization problems are associated with multidisciplinary decision makers and may encompass different levels of the design decision hierarchy. A practical concern is that many conflicting goals with diverse decision variables have to compete to arrive at equilibrium solutions, entailing a paradigm of leader-follower joint optimization (LFJO). In line with a typical decision chain of engineering optimization, comprising such consecutive stages as problem formation, optimization modeling, model solution, and optimization evaluation, this paper provides a state-of-the-art review of the LFJO problems that are widely observed in the PDD literature, along with a survey of LFJO mathematical modeling methods. Also reviewed is the status quo of bilevel programming (BLP) models for LFJO problems with focus on their engineering implications for PDD. The paper also reviews the prevailing algorithms for solving BLP mathematical models, as well as common practice of LFJO model evaluation in the PDD literature. Finally, the critical issues of LFJO problems and outlook for further research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently in the connected digital world, targeted attack has become one of the most serious threats to conventional computing systems. Advanced persistent threat (APT) is currently one of the most important threats considering the information security concept. APT persistently collects data from a specific target by exploiting vulnerabilities using diverse attack techniques. Many researchers have contributed to find approaches and solutions to fight against network intrusion and malicious software. However, only a few of these solutions are particularly focused on APT. In this paper, we introduce a structured study on semantic-aware work to find potential contributions that analyze and detect APT in details. We propose modeling phase that discusses the typical steps in APT attacks to collect the desired information by attackers. Our research explores social network and web infrastructure exploitation as well as communication protocols and much more for future networks and communications. The paper also includes some recent Zero-day attacks, use case scenarios and cyber trends in southeastern countries. To overcome these challenges and attacks, we introduce a detailed comprehensive literature evaluation scheme that classifies and provides countermeasures of APT attack behavior. Furthermore, we discuss future research direction of APT defense framework of next-generation threat life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alfred Deakin experienced himself as divided between an inner and outer self. He remembered himself as an unhappy child who sought solace in books and fantasy, creating an inner chamber of day-dreaming and escape. Historians have puzzled over this fruitlessly but on the basis of psychoanalytic theory and new evidence about his mother Sarah I argue that one possible source of Deakin's complex psychology is his mother's depression in the early years of her migration when Deakin was a young child. Also formative for Deakin was his parents' active participation in mid-Victorian literary culture and their unusually strong commitment to their children's education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the use of a popular portable e-reader device, the Kindle 2, among library and information science (LIS) students and its effects on individual reading practices and the potential applications for library services. Design/methodology/approach - Using journal logs and diary-interviews as methods of data collection, the study analyzes the use of the Kindle over a one-week period by a pool of 20 LIS students at Pratt Institute's School of Information and Library Science. Findings - The findings reveal four key areas that provide a framework for data interpretation: usage patterns, user interaction, effect on reading habits, and future applications. One major finding is that the portability of the device and its convenience of use anywhere and any time is pivotal for enhancing the students' reading experience and outweighs the limitations of the device's usability. Research limitations/implications - Results may not be generalizable due to the small size and homogeneity of the sample. Originality/value - The social and cultural impacts of e-book readers in everyday life have received little attention so far. In particular, questions about the effects of e-readers on individual reading practices and the potential applications for library delivery systems have yet to be examined. This study is one of the first to investigate the use of portable e-book readers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The charity Reading Force encourages Forces families to read together in order to build social, emotional, and mental well-being and offset the impact of the changes and separations routine in military life. They distribute reading scrapbooks and free books and encourage families to work on them together. It was suggested that a version of the project might usefully be developed for veterans in prison, whose families experience many of the same issues. Scrapbook Dads was developed for veterans housed in the Endeavour Wing at Parc Prison, South Wales. The materials were adapted for use by prisoners and their families. They had just been distributed when the pandemic struck, visiting and social/educational activities were cancelled, and the prison went into lockdown. With the materials readily available, the project was heavily used by prison staff to seek to maintain prisoner morale and support family connectivity. This paper charts the process, comments on what was learned, and makes recommendations for how shared reading can be used in prisons in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The habit of reading is a significant phase for creating a society of literate in this world. It natures an individual's personality and helps them find new ideas and the proper method for thinking. In the current situation, people cannot find much interest in reading books, magazines and journals etc., due to the domination of the media. As a result, there is a need to develop the habit of reading among the people in the society. In this paper, the author has discussed the factors determining the minds of juveniles based on improved reading habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the rapid growth of Internet, E-commerce and Internet of Things, people use Web based services for most of their needs including buying items, reading books, watching online shows etc. Several companies are using recommender systems to influence people's choices based on their likings, behaviours etc. Hence, people fear that their privacy is violated. Also, some of the online applications are not safe and secure. One way to overcome the privacy related issues is using secured solutions such as incorporating blockchain technologies for privacy-based applications. The decentralized nature of blockchain technologies have resolved several security, and authentication problems of Internet of Things systems. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive survey on the privacy solutions for recommender systems emphasising current status, classification and open issues. We also discuss blockchain technology, including its structure as well as applications of blockchain technology for privacy solutions of recommender systems. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations and delve into future trends that blockchain technology can be adapted for privacy-base applications in the years to come. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's and Young Adult books are an anomaly in many academic libraries and their presence is often overlooked or ignored. In particular, the dust jackets and other paratextual elements are often considered to be ephemeral and not worth preserving for the long term. However, a growing body of research based in the work of Gerard Genette's theories about paratext show that these elements are vitally important in literacy development to the readers of these books. This paper points to the importance of retaining and preserving all parts of the paratext, in particular the dust jackets and book covers, and advocates for changes in many current library policies that would encourage the preservation of paratext in these books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout history the economies and industries have brought about a myriad of wealth and advantages to our modern world but these privileges and benefits have come at tremendous cost to our environment and nature. The third decade of the 21st century has already started; however, the most fundamental challenges and problems of the planet such as environmental pollution, global warming, climactic changes, extinction of species, deforestation, and reduction of natural resources, which affect both human and nonhuman beings, have still yet to be thoroughly addressed and resolved. Thus, this is a very critical point in history since the world as we know it may be on the brink of an irreversible disaster. This is an environmental crisis and requires urgent and effective solutions because it has both social and cultural consequences. Having a strong understanding of ethical responsibility to our fragile planet, environmental literature confronts these challenges and promises to raise a local and global awareness. Basically, it seems that establishing an awareness around processes that concern eco-systemic issues and relationships through writing or literature is one of the major characteristics of ecocriticism which has brought an influential dimension to literary and cultural studies. With its broad and flexible scope, environmental literature or ecocriticism does not only raise an awareness but also undertakes the ethical responsibility to reduce problems and subtly create a change in global mindsets in terms of highlighting the human-nature and human-nonhuman relationships in literature. Initiated in this crucial framework, this paper examines two medieval epic narratives, The Book of Dede Korkut and Beowulf, in Turkish and Anglo-Saxon cultures and discusses the comparative potentiality of these literary works through the theoretical lens of ecocriticism. In this study, new perspectives on old texts is opened up because they can provide a rich source of material for the ecocritical study of literature, which can ultimately bring forward a deeper and broader understanding of both human and nonhuman. A comparative reading of The Book of Dede Korkut and Beowulf with a theoretical perspective of ecocriticism illuminates and confirms their immortality and relevance in our contemporary world as both epics present a close and symmetrical interaction between human, animal and nonhuman. Cognizant of the danger of imposing a universalist model that suppresses particular differences between two cultures, this study foregrounds that the literary worlds of Turkish and Anglo-Saxon cultures present a fundamental unity in terms of their approaches to environment. Highlighting the comparative relationships between literature, culture and ecology as well as building an ecocritical bridge between the west and east, this study aims to foreground the significance of maintaining and safeguarding both a sustainable planet and intangible cultural heritages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Digital Accessible Information System, an international digital talking book standard, is conducting active research on upper level education for people with reading disabilities, special components like images or formulas are difficult to read aloud in Korean. Therefore, this paper defines Korean math-to-speech rules for Contents Mathematical Markup Language based on the formulas used in the Korean middle school and high school freshman curriculum. Based on the proposed rules, a program that turns formulas expressed in Contents Mathematical Markup Language into speech was also designed through Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations. Finally, a performance test was conducted to determine both the accuracy of the transformed formulas and the clarity of formulas when read aloud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the emergence of dream material in the graphic novel Arsène Schrauwen, authored by Belgian comics artist, Olivier Schrauwen. Although the author purports to tell the story of his grandfather's misadventures as a young man, from the novel's outset the focus on Arsène's life is blurry and unreliable, much like the creative distortions and displacements of dreaming. Drawing on notions of reverie, countertransference dreaming, and Marion Milner's oscillation phenomena, I read this book as a metaleptic dialogue between two forms of dreaming, one in the text and one without, and in which the author allows himself to dreamily merge with the subjects of story. As such, I describe the work of an artist who creates a deliberately unrealistic portrait of his grandfather, yet in this unfaithful rendering communicates the enduring and destabilizing presence of generational echoes, which continue to oscillate as the counternarrative dream material of present life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Warehouses are major contributors to the rise of greenhouse gas emissions in supply chains. Thus, it is not surprising that the attention of academic research to green and sustainable warehousing has been growing in recent years. This attention has led to an increasing number of publications in this field, which is why a systematic literature review on the topic of green warehousing is proposed in the paper at hand. This work provides a comprehensive overview and classification of the existing research on green warehousing, summarizes and synthesizes the available knowledge on this topic, and identifies key trends. Based on the evaluation of the literature, promising ideas for future research are proposed. Citation and network analyses are carried out to evaluate the relationships among the topics covered. The results show an increasing interest in sustainability topics within the warehousing literature, where energy saving has been the most frequently studied objective, followed by environmental impact of warehouse buildings, and green warehouse management in general. The green warehousing literature, however, lacks case studies and empirical data. The main contribution of this paper is an exhaustive summary of the state of knowledge on green warehousing in terms of the macro-themes addressed, the specific topics investigated and the methodological approaches, including a comprehensive and systematic classification of the relevant literature. An outline of managerial guidelines about green warehouse management and the propositions of future research ideas contribute to the further development of this emerging research field. • A literature review on green warehousing is presented. • A classification framework for the state-of-the-art is developed. • A thematic analysis highlights the key research topics on green warehousing. • Bibliometric and network analyses are used to corroborate the review results. • Future research in this field are outlined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines three general type specimens issued by the Neufville Type Foundry (1885-1995). The paper departs from the usual format of most such studies on the history of type and graphic design, which address subjects such as the identification and analysis of type or offer appraisals of specimen books' compositional virtues, and focuses instead on a modest examination of the prelims. Characterised by both their technical basis and their commercial purpose, the prelims offer valuable data for revisiting (and reconstructing) the history of printing and typography understood as a discipline. They deal with matters that may no longer be as widely appreciated or relevant as they once were--the adoption of type systems, bills of type, etc.--but nonetheless illustrate stages in the development and decline of Neufville in particular and of the traditional printing trade in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim / Purpose. Goodreads is a popular web portal and a social network focused on books and reading. The aim of this paper is to explore the use of Goodreads by the users from Croatia, focusing especially on their readers’ advisory activities: writing and reading book reviews, as well as book recommendations. Furthermore, the aim is to find out which terms the users use in their book reviews published on Goodreads when describing various aspects of book appeal. The purpose of the paper is to acquaint the professional community with the possibilities of the use of data from the portal Goodreads in library activities (readers’ advisory, catalog creation, etc.). Also, the purpose is to present the literature related to Goodreads and readers’ advisory, as well as to present the concept of book appeal. Methodology. Methods used in the research were: online survey and content analysis of book reviews written by the Goodreads users from Croatia. The content analysis was based on the taxonomy related to five aspects of the book appeal described by J. Saricks. Findings. The research findings indicate that the majority of the survey participants write reviews of books which they have read, that in these reviews almost half of the participants are adding book recommendations, and that almost all the participants sometimes choose a book to read based on the recommendations of other Goodreads users. Through the content analysis it was established that the authors of the reviews use different terms for describing five aspects of the book appeal. Originality/value. The paper presents the topic which has not been presented in the domestic literature, and it is additionally enriched with the research results. Various activities of the Goodreads portal users are pointed out, particularly those whose study could improve the library activities, especially the readers’ advisory activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading habits can be described as continuous lifelong need for gaining new knowledge, and are perceived by individuals as both a necessity as well as a source of satisfaction. The main reason for the stance that reading is both, a necessity and a source of satisfaction can be found in the fact that reading enables enhancement of personal development, as well as the advancement of the society as a whole. As there is a trend of reading crisis established by certain authors and taking into account the fact that developments in the field of technology have an impact on the alterations on means of reading, the reading habits are the subject of this paper, from the perspective of the students themselves as well as to their frequencies of reading books, newspapers, magazines, and the innovations in the reading process (the use of electronic vs. printed formats). After presenting the results of the secondary research, the results of the empirical research will be presented, in particularly as to the descriptive and comparative statistics on the reading habits amongst university students in the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted on a sample of 1,148 examinees during the months of May and June 2018. The results of the empirical research have shown relatively high percentage of students who like to read (over 60% of students read frequently), and that students prefer to opt for printed books, and digital forms of newspapers and magazines. The results of this paper have shown the lowest frequency of reading books amongst the students in the sphere of technical and technological sciences as well as in the field of arts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds. The objective of the present research was to systematically revise the international literature about the genetic biomarkers related to oral cancer (OC) evaluating the recent findings in clinical studies. Methods. A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database. The authors conducted the search of articles in the English language published from 2008 to 2018. The present systematic review included only papers with significant results about correlation between wound healing, genetic alteration, and OC. Prognostic capacity of genetic markers was not evaluated in vivo. Results. The first analysis with filters recorded about 1884 published papers. Beyond reading and consideration of suitability, only 20 and then 8 papers, with case report exclusion, were recorded for the revision. Conclusion. All the researches recorded the proteomic and genetic alterations in OC human biopsy cells. The gene modification level in the different studies, compared with samples of healthy tissues, has always been statistically significant, but it is not possible to associate publications with each other because each job is based on the measurement of different biomarkers and gene targets. Further investigations should be required in order to state scientific evidence about a clear advantage of using these biomarkers for diagnostic purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]