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The paper draws from Sergio Caruso’s reflections that the ‘extension’ and ‘intensification’ of citizenship are inseparable from democracy. Within this framework, it questions how innovative formulations of democracy such as so-called ‘deliberative arenas’ can contribute to the strengthening of citizenship. Specific attention is devoted to the public debate on major works, a privileged field of inquiry for some assessments of the effectiveness of participation guaranteed by such instruments.

The contribution aims to offer a critical analysis of the Italian discipline on the ways of acquiring citizenship. The paper analyzes the most problematic aspects of the 1992 law, showing its anachronisms and unreasonableness, and then highlights the profiles that most need reform. In particular, the status of the minor born or schooled in Italy and the naturalization procedure claim a profound revision.

The contribution aims at discussing the word "Resistenza" in the framework of the life of the communities sinti and rom, between present and past decades. On one side the paper aims at highlighting the contribution rom and sinti gave to Resistance and ti-fascist movement, on the other side it shows sinti and rom's resistance against prejudices and stereotypes which determine their present. The riappropriation of their communitarian history as their national history can be considered as a powerful tool for building people's identity as citizens and it marks a path toward sharing and inclusion.

This book explores globalisation and the war on terror in a world that is becoming increasingly and significantly polarised and in which dialogue is undermined. The authors contend that citizenship does not obey a static definition, and that its meaning is located in changing economic, social and political contexts. Equally, civil, political and social rights are continually being politically defined. The war on terror has, the book argues, influenced issues of civil liberties and prioritised the need for'security'over and above the protection of human rights: it has redefined the meaning of the rule of law.This wide-ranging collection of original papers explores the link between globalisation, citizenship and the war on terror. Drawing on principles and ideas from their individual areas of expertise, the contributors illustrate how the processes of globalisation and the war on terror are shaping and defining citizenship both globally and within nation states. They go on to examine the nature of globalisation and the war on terror via theoretical frameworks, analysis of current issues and by reflecting on existing literature and past events.Seeking to connect the war on terror with issues of racism, resisitance, global poverty and forms of organised violence and social control, this book will provide a stimulating, thought-provoking read for scholars of a wider range of research fields including international business, politics, criminology, sociology and development studies.

Chapter 8 shows the connection between a certain vision of citizenship – in this context, ethnonationally defined – and violence, and how citizenship is crucial though under-researched trigger of violence. To examine why and how this violence happened, and what was the role of citizenship, the chapter examines the whole post-socialist post-partition European states. It argues that the fate of many citizens of the former socialist federations in the context of their imminent disintegration was determined by their answers to the following questions: Did the incipient states (republics) and the federal centre accept the separation and the existing borders? Did all groups and all regions accept independence and the authorities of the new states? The analysis of the possible answers to these questions across post-socialist Europe brings us to three decisive triggers of violence: citizenship, borders and territories, and, finally in the early 1990s, the role of the military apparatus of defunct federations. One could safely conclude that there is an intimate historic affinity between citizenship and war. From the antique city-states where full citizenship status was acquired by serving in war (Anderson 1996: 28, 33; Pocock 1998), via the traditional military draft for men (and in some places for women) to contemporary practices that enable immigrants and foreigners serving in the armed forces, such as the US army or in the Légion étrangère, an easier access to citizenship. There is a historic relationship between ‘blood’, either inherited or spilled (one’s own or of other people), and citizenship. However, violence related to citizenship is not only physical but often invisible. It is the violence of administrative decisions, hierarchy of different statuses, ‘wrong’ passports and ‘papers’ or deprivations of citizenship. In the following chapter, I will also tackle the issue of physically invisible but nonetheless effective violence caused by the post-Yugoslav citizenship regimes. In this chapter though, I will turn to the outbreak of that ‘visible’ violence that spread across almost all corners of the former Yugoslavia. To examine why and how this violence happened, and what was the role of citizenship, we need to cast the net more widely all over post-socialist post-partition European states.

A Theory of Citizen Equality: A Framework for Democratic Citizenship advances a theory of citizen equality that provides a roadmap for leveling the playing field. Citizen Equality Model is a broad theoretical approach for establishing justice and equality in a political environment. The theory prioritizes economic, political, religious, and social domains. There are ten total domains with the other six being biological, physiological, psychological, legal, educational, and leisure. If these domains are optimized, then a person has a chance for equality and the benefits of social and economic advantages. It also lists and prescribes thirteen limitations on equality. The theory approaches equality from the viewpoint of citizen as a whole person. In this sense, a citizen is met at their status and assessed to determine requirements for elevation to full equality. The goal is to place citizens in the best position to maximize their ability to attain equality.

Help students of all levels develop relationships based on mutual trust and understanding in digital spaces and become active, participatory citizens in these spaces. During her doctoral program, Kristen Mattson became frustrated by the negative underpinnings that described the internet as a dangerous place and positioned young people as careless victims or malevolent bullies. Digital citizenship curriculum became the focus of her work and led to the development of her book Digital Citizenship in Action, which focuses on one of the most important aspects of citizenship – being in community with others. As citizens, we have a responsibility to give back to the community and work toward social justice and equity. Digital citizenship curricula should strive to show students possibilities over problems, opportunities over risks and community successes over personal gain. Digital Citizenship in Action shows educators how to do just that.In this new, expanded edition, Mattson incorporates the latest research from scholars in media and information literacy, educational technology and digital citizenship. She also extends the coverage to provide guidance for elementary and secondary teachers, and includes updated examples that are relevant to today's most widely used technologies. The book:Includes tips for creating a digital space where students can try something new, grow through mistakes, and learn what it means to be a citizen in different spaces.Features “Spotlight Stories” from teachers engaged with participatory digital citizenship that demonstrate how these ideas play out in actual classrooms.Includes a featured activity for elementary students and secondary students in each chapter to help teachers integrate the ideas into their work.Provides QR codes linking to additional resources in “You Can Do It!” sections throughout the book.In this book, you'll find more ways than ever to take digital citizenship beyond a conversation about personal responsibility so you can create opportunities for students to become participatory citizens in online spaces.Audience: Elementary and secondary educators, curriculum directors and library media specialists

Contemporary research on the genealogy of human rights and the foundations of international law has brought renewed interest to the study of natural law in the early-modern period. German-born Samuel Pufendorf (1632-1694) is one of the eminent thinkers of this tradition, shaping the period's natural jurisprudence. This unique collection of essays edited by historian of political thought Peter Schröder fills in a gap in Pufendorf scholarship, exploring the significance of his contributions to political and legal thought on a broad scale. While many books studying Pufendorf's work are confined to one specific academic area, Pufendorf's International Political and Legal Thought is truly interdisciplinary, and the first book to substantially address the international aspect of Pufendorf's work. Ambitious and accessible, this collection is indispensable for scholars and students of intellectual history, political thought, international legal history, the Enlightenment, and political economy. With its focus on international law, Pufendorf's International Political and Legal Thought is a critical addition to the existing body of work on this renowned philosopher and jurist.

In Democratic Failures and the Ethics of Democracy, political philosopher Adam Lovett argues that when it comes to democratic ideals, the United States is a failed democracy. Specifically, he contends that American democracy has failed to advance equality and self-rule for its citizens—qualities he identifies as essential components of democracy's intrinsic value. Drawing on rich empirical research, Lovett applies original philosophical analysis to reveal real-world democratic failures and evaluate their philosophical and ethical consequences.His research locates democratic failures at both the level of political elites and at the level of the masses. At the elite level, elected officials shape policy to prioritize the interests of their supporters, where wealthy individuals and corporations are the most influential. At the mass level, ordinary citizens are motivated to vote not to introduce specific policies but by party identification. By mapping how these failures erode equality and self-rule, he demonstrates that they in fact undermine the ethics of democracy itself. After all, Lovett argues, when a state fails to represent ordinary citizens, those ordinary citizens are not morally obligated to follow the laws of the state.Because the state fails to achieve democratic values in any meaningful way, its claim to political authority and legitimacy is diminished. However, Lovett does not conclude that American democracy is doomed—he instead proposes solutions from voting only on referendums to delegating aspects of public policy to unelected experts without partisan obligation. These reforms are vital for compelling the state to act on behalf of all citizens, not just the partisan or the powerful. Of interest to political scientists and political philosophers alike, Democratic Failures and the Ethics of Democracy sheds light on an increasingly troubled democratic ethos and proposes solutions for how ordinary citizens can work to save it.

This book seeks to contribute to the most recent discussions on Citizenship, Culture and Coexistence in different context considering the importance of these elements for society and urban environments. The book offers different perspectives on citizenship culture and analysis that can be inputs for policy and decision makers to design the policies, strategies and programs that strengthen urban process from culture, art, and education to improve citizen coexistence, respect for differences and better societies in a dynamic world with permanent challenges.

An expert on the writing of constitutions argues that the path to a thriving society begins with forgetting about them:'Not James Madison but Bob Dylan or Annie Lennox should be our guide'(Mark Tushnet). In 2009, constitutional scholar C. L. Skach went to Iraq to help revise the constitution. She survived a missile barrage in the Green Zone—an event that proved a breaking point in her thinking about constitutions. In short: they don't really work. In How to Be a Citizen, Skach calls to move beyond constitutions. She argues that just as complex natural systems spontaneously generate order, we can, too. Looking to pandemic gardens, Reggio-Emilia schools, and community-driven safety patrols, she envisions not government by force, but society that is local, cultivated, and true. Grounded in six principles as simple as a call to spend time on a park bench, this book shows how community spaces, education, and markets can be reshaped to nurture cooperation and encourage flourishing. Equal parts personal, philosophical, and practical, How to Be a Citizen invites us to see society not as something imposed by law, but rather something we create together.

This book outlines a critical theory of citizenship, with an emphasis on how citizenship institutes power relations and organises the rights and obligations of those who become its subjects.Whether it is the question of the rights of animals, children, migrants, minorities, mothers, or mountains, and whether such rights are protected or guaranteed by national law, international law, or human rights law, the issue of citizenship has already indelibly marked the 21st century. As an institution, citizenship governs the relationship between a polity and its peoples by dividing them into citizens and noncitizens, with differentiated rights and obligations. So necessarily, this book argues, citizenship is an institution of domination and emancipation that brings into play the struggles of those who want to protect certain privileges and the struggles of those who are against being caught in either second-class or noncitizen categories. Deconstructing dominant theories and practices of citizenship, a critical theory of citizenship must, therefore, not only analyse intersecting rights, but also connect citizenship to these broader social struggles. For it is these struggles, the book maintains, that give meaning to citizenship itself.The book will be of interest to scholars and students in sociolegal studies, sociology, politics, and as well as those working in citizenship, migration, and refugee studies.

Proposing innovative ideas on the links between taxation, citizenship and democracy, this multidisciplinary book contributes to ongoing research and scholarship by emphasizing the importance of taxation to the functioning of modern democracy. This book provides methodological and theoretical research tools from various disciplines such as law, economics and sociology. It considers, among other research questions, the disciplinary boundaries surrounding taxation, citizenship and democracy; the taxation of migrants in an era of globalization; and the role of procedural safeguards in legitimizing the use of automated risk management systems. Featuring contemporary case studies from the perspectives of taxpayers, legislators and tax administrations, it presents new perspectives on capital migration, social security and noncitizen farmworkers, as well as cooperative compliance policies in Nordic countries. Examining the tax systems of a number of countries across the globe, this book is an essential resource for scholars of constitutional and administrative law, economics of social policy, inequality, tax law and fiscal policy, and welfare states. It will also be a helpful resource for students in these disciplines.

Can universal human rights and different national citizenship regimes ever be compatible? This book argues that they can't, setting out a legal-philosophical critique of the tension between both. It explores whether the emergence of postnational models of citizenship that aim at decoupling human rights and citizenship succeed in overcoming tensions between the universal (multiculturalism; universal human rights; postnational values) and the particular (citizenship; borders; national values and diverse local narratives). As a result of this exploration, the author argues that it is illegitimate to speak of universal human rights, universal human dignity, or universal social justice. It is only by recognising this reality that a much needed transformation of human rights and citizenship can be undertaken in a meaningful way. This provocative and compelling work will appeal to both human rights and citizenship lawyers, as well as others involved in human rights law at NGOs, governments, international organisations – and indeed anyone with an interest in the subject of how human rights evolved and new concepts for the future.

The legacies of borders are far-reaching for Indigenous Peoples. This collection offers new ways of understanding borders by departing from statist approaches to territoriality. Bringing together the fields of border studies, human rights, international relations, and Indigenous studies, it features a wide range of voices from across academia, public policy, and civil society. The contributors explore the profound and varying impacts of borders on Indigenous Peoples around the world and the ways borders are challenged and worked around. From Bangladesh's colonially imposed militarized borders to resource extraction in the Russian Arctic and along the Colombia-Ecuador border to the transportation of toxic pesticides from the United States to Mexico, the chapters examine sovereignty, power, and obstructions to Indigenous rights and self-determination as well as globalization and the economic impacts of borders. Indigenous Peoples and Borders proposes future action that is informed by Indigenous Peoples'voices, needs, and advocacy.Contributors. Tone Bleie, Andrea Carmen, Jacqueline Gillis, Rauna Kuokkanen, Elifuraha Laltaika, Sheryl Lightfoot, David Bruce MacDonald, Toa Elisa Maldonado Ruiz, Binalakshmi “Bina” Nepram, Melissa Z. Patel, Manoel B. do Prado Junior, Hana Shams Ahmed, Elsa Stamatopoulou, Liubov Suliandziga, Rodion Sulyandziga, Yifat Susskind, Erika M. Yamada

This open access publication outlines the underlying framework for gathering data on civic knowledge, attitudes, and engagement as well as contextual information, and it describes the assessment design for the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement's (IEA) International Civic and Citizenship Education Study 2022.The IEA International Civic and Citizenship Study (ICCS) investigates how young people are prepared to undertake their roles as citizens in a range of countries in the second decade of the 21st century. ICCS 2022 is a continuation of two earlier IEA studies, ICCS 2009 and ICCS 2016, and, for the first time, this survey includes the option of a computer-based assessment. Responding to enduring and emerging challenges of educating young people in a world where contexts of democracy and civic participation continue to change, the study addresses issues related to young people's engagement through digital technologies, migration and diversity, perceptions of the political system, global citizenship, and education for sustainable development. Over the past 50 years, IEA has conducted comparative research studies in a range of domains focusing on educational policies, practices, and outcomes in many countries around the world. Prior to ICCS 2022, IEA conducted four international comparative studies of civic and citizenship education, with a first survey implemented in 1971, a second one in 1999, third in 2009 and fourth in 2016. ICCS 2022 data will allow education systems to evaluate the strengths of educational policies, both internationally, and in a regional context, and to measure progress in achieving critical components of their educational policy agendas.

Globales Recht als eine Form der Rechtsbildung über die Grenzen der Nationalstaaten hinweg lebt nicht nur von rechtlichen, sondern auch von (impliziten) sozialen und technologischen Voraussetzungen. Diese Voraussetzungen sind sogar entscheidend für die Ausgestaltung eines transnationalen Rechtssystems. Ricardo Campos befasst sich intensiv mit diesen Wechselwirkungen und damit, wie sich das globale Recht in dem Maße verändert, in dem neue Technologien und neue soziale Praktiken der Gesellschaft zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Besonders bei der aktuellen Entwicklung eines Rechts der Plattformgesellschaft ist diese Tendenz zu sehen. Die Arbeit wurde mit dem Werner-Pünder-Preis 2021 der Vereinigung von Freunden und Förderern der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main e.V. ausgezeichnet.

This book explores how questions about home and belonging have been framed in the discourses on race, migration, and social relationships. It does this with the aim of envisioning alternative modes of living and reimagining our political communities in ways that question the legacy of colonization and constructed identities which detract from our sense of obligation to each other and the planet. The book questions problematic categories of difference to transform human relations beyond the materialism of our global political economy. Questions addressed in the volume include: In what ways are combative colonial identities of difference manufactured within our national and global spaces of encounter? How can we expel the racialized and tribalized political identities that seek to purify and deny the complexities and sacredness of being human? How do we embrace the notion that everyone we encounter is a mirror reflecting our fears of suffering and our desires for happiness?The book is set in the context of re-emerging ultra-nationalists and anti-migrant politicians on the national and international stage, advancing various strands of extreme-right and protectionist ideology couched as redemptive-welfarist strategies. The adverse impacts of these strategies seem to be reifying a possessive idea of citizenship and identity, engendering a national fantasy that portrays communities as homogenous entities inhabiting enclosed borders. This is essentially a compendium of conversations across the intersection of the racial, national, ethnic, spiritual, and sexual boundaries in which we live.

Seeing yourself, or an Other, and then recognizing them are activities of enormous complexity. From these processes we experience belonging, which in a bureaucratic sense this is analogous with citizenship, and in a broader sense, inclusion or exclusion. As long as identity springs from all kinds of social interactions, there exists a chance to create an inclusive community. This book will make clear, through case studies of migrants, that when peoples are perceived as possessing a radical Otherness, there is a high risk of exclusion if not aggression. In a rejection of the prevalent individualistic perspectives, this book pulls all of the scattered puzzle pieces back together. Through the process of clarifying misrecognition and its subsequent dehumanization, it will be possible to think about a shared and fairer society.

Contestations of Citizenship, Education, and Democracy in an Era of Global Change: Children and Youth in Diverse International Contexts considers the shifting social, political, economic, and educational structures shaping contemporary experiences, understandings, and practices of citizenship among children and youth in diverse international contexts. As such, this edited book examines the meaning of citizenship in an era defined by monumental global change. Chapters from across both the Global South and North consider emerging formations of citizenship and citizen identities among children and youth in formal and non-formal education contexts, as well as the social and civic imaginaries and practices to which children and youth engage, both in and outside of schools.Rich empirical contributions from an international team of contributors call attention to the social, political, economic, and educational structures shaping the ways young people view citizenship and highlight the social and political agency of children and youth amid increasing issues of polarization, climate change, conflict, migration, extremism, and authoritarianism. The book ultimately identifies emergent forms of citizenship developing in formal and non-formal educational contexts, including those that unsettle the nation-state and democracy.Edited by a team of academics with backgrounds in education, citizenship, and youth studies, this book will appeal to scholars, researchers, and faculty who work across the broader field of youth civic engagement and democracy, as well as international and comparative education and citizenship.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

The emergence of citizenship, some 4,000 years ago, was a hinge moment in human history. Instead of the reign of blood descent, questions regarding who rules and who belongs were opened up. Yet purportedly primordial categories, such as sex and race, have constrained the emergence of a truly civic polity ever since. Untying this paradox is essential to overcoming the crisis afflicting contemporary democracies. Why does citizenship emerge, historically, and why does it maintain traction, even if in compromised forms? How can citizenship and democracy be revived? Learning from history and building on emerging social and political developments, David Jacobson and Manlio Cinalli provide the foundations for citizenship's third revolution. Citizenship: The Third Revolution considers three revolutionary periods for citizenship, from the ancient and classical worlds; to the flourishing of guilds and city republics from 1,000 CE; and to the unfinished revolution of human rights from the post-World War II period. Through historical enquiry, this book reveals the underlying principles of citizenship-and its radical promise. Jacobson and Cinalli demonstrate how the effective functioning of citizenship depends on human connections that are relational and non-contractual, not transactional. They illustrate how rights, paradoxically, can undermine as well as reinforce civic society. Looking forward, the book documents the emerging foundations of a'21st century guild'as a basis for repairing our democracies. The outcome of this scholarship is an innovative re-conceptualization of core ideas to engender more authentic civic collectivities.

Following the stories of two dozen refugees from Syria and Afghanistan in 2015, Citizens and Refugees argues that we need to include the histories of these countries, notably the Syrian Revolution, into narratives of the refugee crisis. The book thus challenges a framing of the crisis that usually begins only with the moment of people fleeing. The stories it tells show refugees as citizens with a political voice engaged in struggles for participation and democracy, rather than as people in need of rescuing and integrating into new societies. It equally examines the much-celebrated German welcoming culture of 2015, arguing that it silenced political voices of those fleeing to Germany. Based on personal stories and the author's intimate knowledge of the German welcoming culture, Citizens and Refugees intervenes into political debates about the viability of democracy. Overall, the importance of this volume stems from its suggestion that we would do well to listen to the voice of those coming to Europe as refugees. Based on both personal stories and historical analysis, Citizens and Refugees is the ideal resource for upper-level undergraduates, postgraduates, and scholars interested in migration studies and the history of Europe and the Middle East.

This book draws on empirical studies of classrooms teaching The Sirens of Baghdad by Yasmina Khadra to demonstrate how novels can effectively help achieve learning objectives related to intercultural understanding and global citizenship. By combining theoretical and empirical research, the book offers insights into the most effective ways to discuss cross-cultural literature with upper secondary students who have grown up in the Western world. It outlines how, where, and why such literature can enhance students'understanding of different cultures and make them more globally aware citizens.

Critical citizenship practices and the language of today's populism have never been more sharply opposed. Today's insistent efforts to anchor citizenship narratives in national belonging now confront a variety of'flexible'or'differentiated'citizenships - plural, performative, and decentered practices of rights claiming mutually defining'the political', its subjects, and its others on a variety of scales. They confront, too, critiques of citizenship in totalitarian or neoliberal governmentality that derive from Foucault, Agamben, and Arendt and have become pressing today in proliferating states of emergency and exception and the growing ranks of non-citizens. How should these debates be configured now? And what place does music have in them? In Music and Citizenship, author Martin Stokes argues that music has for a long time been entangled with debates about citizenship and citizenly identities, though for various reasons this entanglement has been insufficiently recognized. Citizenship and citizenly identity debates, for their part, have important implications for the way we think about music in relation to politics, identity, and scholarly practice. Stokes's particular claim is that ethnomusicology has for too long configured relationships between music, society, and reflective and critical practice in terms of identity paradigms. The rejection of these identity paradigms in recent years has taken the form of a post- or anti-humanism that is equally problematic. This book challenges the conventional understanding of citizenship in terms of nationalism and national identity though the examination of case studies from across Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. In this way, this volume departs from an earlier ethnomusicology preoccupied with belonging and cultural participation in the nation-state. Citizenship-the fantasy, according to some definitions, of political community without outsiders-suggests, in this book, a different space in which one might configure such relations, one more satisfactorily, and energetically, oriented to questions about musical ecology, sustainability, democracy, and inclusivity.

In the early twenty-first century, the concept of citizenship is more contested than ever. As refugees set out to cross the Mediterranean, European nation-states refer to »cultural integrity« and »immigrant inassimilability,« revealing citizenship to be much more than a legal concept. The contributors to this volume take an interdisciplinary approach to considering how cultures of citizenship are being envisioned and interrogated in literary and cultural (con)texts. Through this framework, they attend to the tension between the citizen and its spectral others - a tension determined by how a country defines difference at a given moment.

Este libro analiza la relación entre seguridad y política, profundizando en el modo en que la seguridad interviene en la construcción y práctica de los vínculos entre ciudadanía y Estado. Desde una perspectiva innovadora de la cultura de la seguridad, vinculamos dos campos de estudio poco conectados. Recurrimos a los relatos sobre las vivencias cotidianas de los temores y las expectativas para estudiar los significados socialmente atribuidos a la seguridad. La identificación y formulación de riesgos y amenazas, así como de derechos y obligaciones ciudadanas moldean las identidades cívicas, aspectos centrales en la legitimidad del sistema democrático. Nuestro enfoque sociológico desvela cómo, lejos de construirse en el vacío, los significados de la seguridad están atravesados por distintas líneas de fractura y desigualdad que dependen de las posiciones sociales de los sujetos: edad, género, clase, condición inmigrante o lugar de residencia. Al verbalizar dichas inseguridades, también se constituye el ser social y político, el paso del yo al «nosotros/ as», el valor de los derechos y el compromiso cívico, así como las líneas rojas que separan lo aceptable de lo inaceptable. El resultado nuestro análisis arroja luz sobre distintas concepciones de la seguridad y de su lugar en lo político, pero también respecto a la responsabilidad de protección y, en suma, respecto al orden social deseable.

National Identity Identity and Partisan Polarization examines how national identity has become a central issue in political and social life across the world. Questions of identity--who should be counted as a'true member'of a society and who deserves assistance from the government--have displaced other social and economic issues across nations in many countries. This study considers the role of identity theoretically and in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Austria, Germany, Sweden, Hungary, Poland, Israel, and Taiwan. Identity varies over time and over countries. Some such as Sweden have a more'inclusive'sense of identity--one does not need to be born in the country or have ancestry to be considered a'true Swede.'Other countries, such as Austria, France, Hungary, Poland, Israel, and Taiwan, have a more'exclusive'notion of identity--where one was born and a common heritage (race, religion, ethnicity) are seen as essential for seeing others as'true'members of society.'Outsiders'are viewed negatively, often as threatening a national culture and not deserving of government assistance. In the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, the major political parties take opposing positions on identity. In the United States and the United Kingdom, issues of identity have become highly correlated (polarized) with social and economic issues. In the former Communist countries of Hungary and Poland, the dominant parties have taken nationalist positions on identity but favor generous welfare policies for people of their own background. In Israel and Taiwan, social and economic issues have become less important than nationalism.

This book argues that citizens have a moral right to decide by which criteria they grant migrants citizenship, as well as to control access to their territory in the first place. In developing and defending this argument, it critically engages numerous objections, thus providing the reader with a thorough overview of the current debate on the ethics of immigration and exclusion.The author's argument is based on a straightforwardly individualist and liberal starting point. One of the rights granted by liberalism is freedom of association, which also comprises the right not to associate with people with whom one does not want to associate. While this is an individual right, it can be exercised collectively like many other individual rights. Thus, people can decide to collectively organize into an association pursuing certain goals; and subject to certain provisos, this gives rise to legitimate claims to space and territory in which they pursue these goals. The author shows that this right is far-reaching and robust, which entails an equally far-reaching and robust right to exclude. Moreover, he demonstrates that large-scale immigration from illiberal cultures tends to severely compromise the way of life, the values, and the institutions of liberal democracies in ways routinely ignored by apologists for multiculturalism.Freedom, Culture, and the Right to Exclude will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in applied ethics, political philosophy, political theory, and law.

Democracy and citizenship are conceptually and empirically contested. Against the backdrop of recent and current profound transformations in and of democratic societies, this volume presents and discusses acute contestations, within and beyond national borders and boundaries. Democracy's crucial relationships, between state and citizenry as well as amongst citizens, are rearranged and re-ordered in various spheres and arenas, impacting on core democratic principles such as accountability, legitimacy, participation and trust. This volume addresses these refigurations by bringing together empirical analyses and conceptual considerations regarding the access to and exclusion from citizenship rights in the face of migration regulation and institutional transformation, and the role of violence in maintaining or undermining social order. With its critical reflection on the consequences and repercussions of such processes for citizens'everyday lives and for the meaning of citizenship altogether, this book transgresses disciplinary boundaries and puts into dialogue the perspectives of political theory and sociology.

El presente volumen tiene como objetivo una amplitud de miras en un mundo cada vez más dependiente de las nuevas tecnologías, pero que no puede (ni debe) desprenderse del valor intrínseco de las Humanidades, junto con las Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas. Precisamente, en unas sociedades cada vez más globalizadas las materias que aquí se exponen han de tener cabida de manera interdisciplinar y lo hacemos con un enfoque cronológico y territorial extenso a través de los trabajos de autores contrastadamente consolidados y de claro prestigio internacional, junto con jóvenes investigadores que aportan novedosas visiones nada desdeñables que abren nuevos asuntos de posibles debates académicos, tanto a favor como en contra.

How many questions could you answer in a pub quiz about British values? Designed to ensure new migrants have accepted British values and integrated, the UK's citizenship test is often portrayed as a bad pub quiz with answers few citizens know. With the launch of a new post-Brexit immigration system, this is a critical time to change the test. Thom Brooks draws on first-hand experience of taking the test, and interviews with key figures including past Home Secretaries, to expose the test as ineffective and a barrier to citizenship. This accessible guide offers recommendations for transforming the citizenship test into a ‘bridge to citizenship'which fosters greater inclusion and integration.