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This book is the result of extensive archival research conducted on the Collection “Silvano Arieti Papers” held in the Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. It offers readers the first scientific biography of the renowned Italian-born psychiatrist Silvano Arieti, who in 1939 emigrated to the United States, where he gained fame and recognition for his work on schizophrenia. In 1975, the second edition of his book, Interpretation of Schizophrenia, received the National Book Award in Science. The book has been cast as a twofold journey: an exploration of the life of a psychiatrist and scientist and an overview of twentieth century psychiatry and its significant issues, debates, and transformations. Readers will find useful insights for a better understanding of psychiatry as a discipline capable of portraying the complexity of human nature.

This book represents one of the cornerstones of the series Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics. It is divided into eight sections, starting with an introduction to neuroeconomics followed by an overview of frequently applied experimental paradigms (games) in neuroeconomics research. Furthermore, it addresses the molecular basis of human decision making, environmental/situational factors and social contexts influencing human decision making, as well as translational and developmental/clinical approaches to neuroeconomics. In closing, a paper on neuro-marketing demonstrates how knowledge from neuroeconomics research can be applied in “real life.” Culminating in an extensive methods section, in which eight different neuroscience techniques are introduced, the book offers an essential resource for researchers and practitioners, and may also be beneficial for graduate students.

This well-established international series examines major areas of basic and clinical research within neuroscience, as well as emerging and promising subfields. This volume explores interdisciplinary research on Attention and interaction of Attention with other cognitive processes including perception, learning, and memory. The papers cover major research on attention in Cognitive Neuroscience and Cognitive Psychology. The volume presents recent advances on attention including binding, dynamics of attention, attention and perceptual organization, attention and consciousness, emotion and attention, development of attention, crossmodal attention, computational modeling of attention, control of actions, attention and memory, and meditation.

The International Conference on Intelligent Computing (ICIC) was formed to p- vide an annual forum dedicated to the emerging and challenging topics in artificial intelligence, machine learning, bioinformatics, and computational biology, etc. It aims to bring together researchers and practitioners from both academia and ind- try to share ideas, problems and solutions related to the multifaceted aspects of intelligent computing. ICIC 2008, held in Shanghai, China, September 15–18, 2008, constituted the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Computing. It built upon the success of ICIC 2007, ICIC 2006 and ICIC 2005 held in Qingdao, Kunming and Hefei, China, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. This year, the conference concentrated mainly on the theories and methodologies as well as the emerging applications of intelligent computing. Its aim was to unify the picture of contemporary intelligent computing techniques as an integral concept that highlights the trends in advanced computational intelligence and bridges theoretical research with applications. Therefore, the theme for this conference was “Emerging Intelligent Computing Technology and Applications”. Papers focusing on this theme were solicited, addressing theories, methodologies, and applications in science and technology.

The purpose of the series'Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research'is to consider all topics in health economics and the related field of health services research. Each volume is devoted to a specific topic. Most volumes consist of between ten and twelve papers, but a few may take the form of monographs by one or more authors. All areas in the field are covered including the production of and demand for health; the demand for medical care services; the financing of these services; the markets for physicians, nurses, dentists, hospitals, and drugs; the economics of substance use; health in developing countries; and, the economics of medical technology. The series is a forum for theoretical and empirical research. The latter employ data both for developing and developed countries. While most studies focus on economic issues, contributions from other social scientists are welcomed.

The papers collected in this volume have the aim of integrating the contri- tions from two disciplines: psychoanalysis and neuroscience. Recent great developments in the latter offer the opportunity to build a bridge to psyc- analysis, providing an anatomo-functional basis for some of the functions in which the psychoanalytic theories of the mind are rooted. The functions which are specifically discussed from an interdisciplinary point of view are the following: emotions, memory, unconscious, perception, attention, wa- fulness,sleep,dreams,empathy,sharing affects,intentionality,embodied s- ulation, and aspects of infantile mental development. The book is divided into four sections. The first contains recent obser- tions relating to memory in its double function (implicit and explicit) and its relation to the unconscious. This section also discusses the relationship between emotions, memory, and cognitive functions of the mind. Particular attention is paid to the right hemisphere, considered the emotional brain par excellence.Papers on the brain's predictive capacities and its plasticity in re- tion to special functional states complete this first section. The second section is dedicated to neuropsychological findings from bioimaging investigations related to the human mind's ability to share e- tional and affective experiences. Here the role of mirror neurons in empathy, intentionality, and embodied simulation is discussed.

A Young Mind in a Growing Brain summarizes some initial conclusions that follow simultaneous examination of the psychological milestones of human development during its first decade and what has been learned about brain growth. This volume proposes that development is the process of experience working on a brain that is undergoing significant biological maturation. Experience counts, but only when the brain has developed to the point of being able to process, encode, and interact with these new environmental experiences. This book's aim is to acquaint developmental biologists and neuroscientists with what has been learned about human psychological development and to acquaint developmental psychologists with the biological evidence. The hope is that each group will gain a richer appreciation of both knowledge corpora. The authors hope to appeal to neuroscientists, psychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and their students. The idea for this book was born in 1993 when the authors--a leading developmental psychologist and a pediatrician--met for the first time and recognized the complementarity of their backgrounds and the utility of a collaboration. The reception of their first two papers motivated this attempt to synthesize the available information over a longer developmental era. Learning a great deal over the past decade, the authors hope that their enthusiasm provokes an equally intense curiosity in readers.

The book provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art overview of current research on cognitive and applied aspects of eye movements. The contents include peer-reviewed chapters based on a selection of papers presented at the 11th European Conference on Eye Movements (Turku, Finland 2001), supplemented by invited contributions. The ECEM conference series brings together researchers from various disciplines with an interest to use eye-tracking to study perceptual and higher order cognitive functions. The contents of the book faithfully reflect the scope and diversity of interest in eye-tracking as a fruitful tool both in basic and applied research. It consists of five sections: visual information processing and saccadic eye movements; empirical studies of reading and language production; computational models of eye movements in reading; eye-tracking as a tool to study human-computer interaction; and eye movement applications in media and communication research. Each section is concluded by a commentary chapter by one of the leading authorities in the field. These commentaries discuss and integrate the contributions in the section and provide an expert view on the most significant present and future developments in the respective areas. The book is a reference volume including a large body of new empirical work but also principal theoretical viewpoints of leading research groups in the field.

This book describes how neural circuitry develops epigenetically, in a manner that directly reflects early environmental influences. It provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field, and discusses the structure and function of memory.

This important new book presents an introduction to Environmental Neuroscience, an emerging field devoted to the study of brain-mediated bidirectional relationships between organisms and their physical environments. Environmental Neuroscience offers a novel perspective in the human neurosciences, which have typically focused on the individual isolated from its natural habitat. The book presents the theoretical background of the field, discusses how the environment impacts humans and how humans impact the environment, explores the neuroscience of the built environment, and addresses special populations and presents different methodological approaches. Environmental Neuroscience bringing together the top authorities in the field, will appeal to neuroscientists and to a range of scholars from public health, urban studies, human geography, and architecture who are searching for guidance on what characterizes a health-promoting environment.

Virtually anyone who has attended college can attest to poor teaching approaches by very bright professors. Professors simply are not trained or taught how to best teach their content. They are not aware of learning theories, brain research, pedagogy and andragogy. They teach the way they were taught—their mimetic isomorphism.Not only will this book share insights from all these areas, but it will also help professors prepare syllabi, create curriculum, prepare lesson plans, create assignments, and develop assessments with these concepts in mind. Further, we will embed differentiation, culturally relevant strategies, and the use of technology to enhance learning.

What sets humans apart from other animals? Perhaps more than anything else, it is the capacity for innovation. The accumulation of discoveries throughout history, big and small, has enabled us to build global civilizations and gain power to shape our environment. But what makes humans as a species so innovative?Min W. Jung offers a new understanding of the neural basis of innovation in terms of humans'exceptional capacity for imagination and high-level abstraction. He provides an engaging account of recent advances in neuroscience that have shed light on the neural underpinnings of these profoundly important abilities. Jung examines key discoveries concerning the hippocampus and neural circuits that have demystified the processes underlying imagination and abstract thinking. He also considers how these capacities might have evolved as well as possible futures for intelligence.Bringing together disparate findings in neuroscience, psychology, anthropology, and artificial intelligence, A Brain for Innovation develops a unified perspective on the mechanisms of imagination, abstract thought, and creativity. Presenting cutting-edge neuroscientific research in a way that is accessible to readers without a background in the subject, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in the biological basis of one of the most fundamental aspects of human nature.

The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience brings together the leading developmental cognitive neuroscientists in the field that work on understanding human development, and the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and brain maturational factors that shape social and cognitive functioning in development. It includes chapters on new, emerging research areas that show promise for understanding both brain and behaviour in development, such as nutrition and the microbiome gut-brain axis and sleep. Looking beyond early developmental changes, this handbook also places importance on the period of adolescence, which is an important developmental juncture. By assuming complexity from the outset, the developmental cognitive neuroscience research approach provides much needed insights into both the initial set-up of brain networks and cognitive mechanisms, and also into adaptability across the developmental trajectory. This is important not only for scientists studying typical and atypical development, but also for interventional work looking for critical or sensitive periods where interventions would be most effective. The developmental cognitive neuroscience research approach intersects nature and nurture and considers both health and disease models. It also focuses on understanding the complexity of human development, necessitating a multi-level and multi-factor research approach to grasp change and plasticity which, by definition, is multidisciplinary. The Oxford Handbook of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience is a landmark volume, providing the reader with a comprehensive and state-of-the-art overview of current research in the field, whilst highlighting current gaps and directions for future research.

Technology is not only affecting students'brains—it is TRANSFORMING them! In a world where technology is increasingly dominant, it is critical to understand how it affects students′ brains and behavior—for better and for worse. This new edition from bestselling educational neuroscience author David Sousa offers research-based, practical solutions and serves as a framework for educators who want to effectively leverage technology to enhance student learning in an environment that demands constant engagement and stimulation. Inside you'll discover The impact of technology on students′ brains, including how technology affects cognition, memory, attention, and behavior Strategies for using technology to improve students'social and emotional skills New information on artificial intelligence, the after-effects of the pandemic, gaming, and productive struggle A glossary of terms and a resources section to connect educators with supplemental materials and information Students are engaging with technology in new ways every day, and educators must shift their instructional practices accordingly. Engaging the Rewired Brain is a must-read for today's educators and parents striving to understand technology′s impact on the developing brain and prepare today′s learners for an increasingly complex future.

Unleash your inner teaching superhero Incorporating the principles of neuroscience not only transforms the practices that take place in the classroom, but also empowers teachers, equipping them with the tools they need to feel and be successful in their work. Written in a lighthearted, easy-to-read format, author C. Bobbi Hansen showcases the potential of brain-informed practices to empower teachers and learners alike. By centering instructional practices on research from the field of educational neuroscience, Teaching With Superpowers identifies ten'superpowers'that teachers can activate to optimize how their students'brains take in, process, and store information. Inside you'll find: How to optimize teaching and learning by understanding the science of how students learn 10 unique'superpowers'that will enhance your students'learning, including fueling attention and engagement, promoting culturally responsive teaching, boosting long-term memory, and championing neurodiversity Numerous classroom examples and resources applicable to any content area or grade level For all educators who are passionate about helping their students succeed and maximizing their teaching potential, this is your essential guide.

How can we teach machine learning to identify causal patterns in data? This book explores the very notion of “causality”, identifying from a naturalistic and evolutionary perspective how living systems deal with causal relationships. At the same time, using this knowledge to identify the best ways to apply such biological models in machine learning scenarios. One of the more fundamental challenges for AI experts is to design machines that can understand the world, identifying the basic rules that govern reality. Statistics are powerful and fundamental for this process, but they are only one of the necessary tools. Counterfactual thinking is the other part of the necessary process that will help machines to become intelligent. This book explains the paths that can lead to algorithmic causality. It is essential reading for those who are not afraid of thinking at the interface of various academic disciplines or fields (AI, machine learning, philosophy, neuroscience, anthropology, psychology, computer sciences), and who are interested in the analysis of causal thinking and the ways in which cognitive systems (natural or artificial) can act in order to understand their environment. Professor Vallverdú is currently working on biomimetic cognitive architectures and multicognitive systems. His research has explored two main areas: epistemology and cognition. Since his early Ph.D. research on epistemic controversies, he has analyzed several aspects of computational epistemology. His latest research has focused on the causal challenges of machine learning techniques, particularly deep learning. One of his most promising advances is statistics meets causal graph reasoning (via Directed Acyclic Graphs), which still has several conceptual paths that need to be explored and identified. Counterfactual reasoning is a fundamental part of these open debates, which are under the analysis of Prof. Vallverdú. His current research is supported as part of the following projects: GEHUCT and ICREA Acadèmia.

Harris'Developmental Neuropsychiatry: The Interface with Cognitive and Social Neuroscience provides updated information to the first edition which was awarded Dewey's Medical Book of the Year. The outcome of many discussions with faculty members, residents, medical students, and nonmedical professionals over the past three decades at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institution, Harvard Medical School, and McLean Hospital, this revamped second edition provides a comprehensive summary of knowledge and literature acquired through the authors'work with children and adolescents with developmental disorders and their families. This second edition features new material including epigenetics, social and affective neuroscience, updated DSM definitions and criteria for specific disorders, as well as all the latest genetics from the past 15 years. Harris'Developmental Neurospychiatry will be an invaluable resource for medical and graduate students.

How to Build a Human Brain takes a developmental approach to understanding brain structure and function. It guides readers through the evolution of the human brain, from its cellular building blocks, up to hind brain structures and functions, and through to neocortex and associated functions. In doing so, it enables students to develop a comprehensive knowledge of the relationship between brain networks and functions, neural underpinnings of functional problems seen after neuropathology, and neuroanatomy.Written in an engaging style, each chapter follows a blueprint format with subsections on issues like'damage and repair'and'faulty wiring'as the brain is ‘built'across the course of the book. The author includes illustrative case studies and entertaining fast fact boxes to highlight the real-word relevance of each brain structure being examined. This textbook offers an accessible reference for students of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, neuropsychology,and biological psychology.