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This open access book presents a vision of a future, where avatars play an integral role in shaping the fabric of our interconnected society. The book introduces the authors'ongoing efforts to advance avatar technologies and is structured into nine chapters. Chapter 1 discusses the potentially revolutionary impact of cybernetic avatars (CAs) as a new medium of communication, liberating individuals from physical barriers and creating more flexible work environments. Chapters 2, 3, and 4 present developments in CAs with advanced autonomous functionality. Chapters 5 and 6 discuss the creation of a CA platform that connects multiple operators and CAs. Chapter 7 explores the physiological and neuroscientific effects of avatars and other media on operators and users. Finally, Chapters 8 and 9 discuss the societal implementation of CAs. This book is stemmed from one of the Moonshot R&D projects funded by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).

A chasm grows between the currently established knowledge and the rapidly evolving landscape of healthcare. As the field of biomedical research hurtles forward with groundbreaking discoveries and transformative technologies, academic scholars find themselves grappling with a significant dilemma. There exists a disconnect between traditional educational resources and the need to keep pace with the latest innovations that are reshaping medicine, diagnosis, and treatment. This widening gap inhibits scholars from adequately preparing their students and hampers their ability to engage in relevant, cutting-edge research, ultimately impeding the advancement of healthcare as a whole. Biomedical Research Developments for Improved Healthcare serves as the ultimate solution to this academic challenge. This book offers a compelling bridge between the realm of academic theory and the dynamic world of practical, real-world biomedical research. Its primary objective is to equip scholars with the knowledge, insights, and materials needed to inspire the next generation of healthcare professionals. By presenting a comprehensive overview of the most recent and groundbreaking advancements in biomedical research, the book enables scholars to transcend the limitations of traditional academia and empower their students with up-to-date, practical knowledge. This book serves as an indispensable resource for educators, scholars, and academic professionals, enabling them to navigate the ever-evolving field of biomedical research. Through a deep dive into medical imaging, genomics, therapies, artificial intelligence (AI), and biomedical engineering, scholars can stay informed about the latest innovations and pass this knowledge on to their students. Moreover, the book addresses ethical dilemmas, offering guidance on navigating complex issues such as privacy concerns with AI in healthcare and the ethical considerations surrounding gene editing and advanced therapies. By bringing academic knowledge and practical, cutting-edge developments together, Biomedical Research Developments for Improved Healthcare equips scholars to educate and inspire, ultimately advancing the field of healthcare into a brighter and healthier future.

Treatise on Geochemistry, Third Edition, 8 volume set is an invaluable resource for geoscientists and others seeking to understand the origin, evolution, and functioning of our inhabited world, in service of a sustainable future.Our need to understand our planet is being reshaped by two ongoing scientific revolutions: the discovery of thousands of exoplanets and the advent of the Anthropocene. These seemingly disparate revolutions challenge us to deepen our understanding of Earth, as our best path to understanding how inhabited planets work. Geochemical knowledge and discovery are at the heart of this challenge, the crossroads where all geoscience subdisciplines meet – much as chemistry is often said to be the'central science', geochemistry is the'central geoscience'. Treatise on Geochemistry fills the gap between mature and established geochemical knowledge, including analytical developments and the rapidly evolving frontiers of the field. - Provides complete and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of the multi-disciplinary field of geochemistry - Restructured to streamline and consolidate topics and draw explicit connections to the twin revolutions of Astrobiology and the Anthropocene in each volume's introductory chapter - Updates to the new edition include new and expanded coverage of emerging topics like cosmochemistry, planetary geochemistry, and exoplanets - Follows a common template, making the work consistent and easier to navigate

Renewable and Clean Energy Systems Based on Advanced Nanomaterials: Basis, Preparation and Applications describes the fundamental aspects of a diverse range of nanomaterials used in the fields of renewable and clean energy. Various methods of preparing several different nanomaterials for green energy systems, such as advanced nanomaterials for solar cells, mixed metal oxide-based nanomaterials for hydrogen storage, and active nanomaterials for Li ion batteries are presented along with their advantages, disadvantages, and applications. Chapters also discuss novel methods of power analysis, frequency regulation methods, practical applications of solar panels, economic efficiency of solar energy, solar physics, and much more.This is a valuable resource on the basic science, preparation methods, and practical applications of advanced nanomaterials for green energy systems. - Features recent advances on nanomaterials preparation methods and their applications in photovoltaic technology - Discusses sustainable strategies for producing large-scale nanomaterials, focusing on preparation techniques that are cost-effective and eco-friendly - Reviews the efficiency of nanomaterials used in solar energy storage and conversion

Indigenous Fermented Foods for the Tropics provides insights on fermented foods of the Tropics, particularly Africa, Asia and South America, highlighting key aspects and potential developments for these food products. Sections provide an overview on the production and composition (nutritional, physicochemical, health beneficial and microbiota) of these indigenous fermented foods in the tropics, innovative techniques for investigating the composition of these fermented food products and improvement of the fermentation process to yield better nutritional constituents, health beneficial components and sensory qualities, and safety aspects to be considered in fermented foods. Other sections provide insights into the packaging and marketing of these food products as well as future prospects of fermented foods in the tropics. This book provides new perspectives and recent information to complement existing texts on indigenous fermented foods serving as a valuable reference text for detailed insights into indigenous fermented foods of the tropics. - Discusses fermented foods from the Africa, Asia, and South America based on the raw materials used - Offers innovative techniques for improving these indigenous products and investigating their composition as well as upgrading traditional technologies used in the production of fermented products - Covers the role of technology and innovations in the quest for enhancing quality, and safety of fermented foods as demand for fermented food and beverage products is increased

Metabolomics is the scientific study of chemical processes involving metabolites, substrates, intermediates, and namely all reagents and products of cell metabolism. Metabolomics and Clinical Approach will contribute to the the large-scale scientific study of small molecules within cells, biofluids, tissues or organisms and their interactions within a biological system. Also this book gives a perspective about study steps of metabolomics, the relationship of different diseases and metabolites, and the use of metabolomics in the treatment processes of different clinical pictures and diseases in the light of current information obtained from the literature. This book aims to describe all types of contents, effects, and kinetics of metabolite production related with metabolomics, as well as to summarize from the beginning to the end. Because the significance of metabolomics science and clinical trials increases day by day. Some diseases like cancer are an important cause of mortality for which no definitive treatment has yet been found. Further investigation of the relationship between metabolomics and diseases will open new horizons for diagnosis and treatment of many kind of diseases. This book presents all about metabolomics from the beginning to the end, as many kind of studies, potential mechanisms, diagnosis techniques, the metabolomics technologies like GC-MS, LC-MS, and software programmes about metabolomics analysis.

Monitoring Vesicular Trafficking in Cellular Responses to Stress, Volume 164 in the Methods in Cell Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on a variety of timely topics. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Cell Biology series Includes the latest information on the topic of Monitoring vesicular trafficking in cellular responses to stress

Comprehensive Foodomics, Three Volume Set offers a definitive collection of over 150 articles that provide researchers with innovative answers to crucial questions relating to food quality, safety and its vital and complex links to our health. Topics covered include transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, genomics, green foodomics, epigenetics and noncoding RNA, food safety, food bioactivity and health, food quality and traceability, data treatment and systems biology. Logically structured into 10 focused sections, each article is authored by world leading scientists who cover the whole breadth of Omics and related technologies, including the latest advances and applications. By bringing all this information together in an easily navigable reference, food scientists and nutritionists in both academia and industry will find it the perfect, modern day compendium for frequent reference. List of sections and Section Editors: Genomics - Olivia McAuliffe, Dept of Food Biosciences, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland Epigenetics & Noncoding RNA - Juan Cui, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE Transcriptomics - Robert Henry, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia Proteomics - Jens Brockmeyer, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University Stuttgart, Germany Metabolomics - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Neuherberg, Germany Omics data treatment, System Biology and Foodomics - Carlos Leon Canseco, Visiting Professor, Biomedical Engineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Green Foodomics - Elena Ibanez, Foodomics Lab, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain Food safety and Foodomics - Djuro Josic, Professor Medicine (Research) Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA & Sandra Kraljevic Pavelic, University of Rijeka, Department of Biotechnology, Rijeka, Croatia Food Quality, Traceability and Foodomics - Daniel Cozzolino, Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia Food Bioactivity, Health and Foodomics - Miguel Herrero, Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Foodomics Lab, CIAL, CSIC, Madrid, Spain Brings all relevant foodomics information together in one place, offering readers a ‘one-stop,'comprehensive resource for access to a wealth of information Includes articles written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions Provides an ideal resource for students, researchers and professionals who need to find relevant information quickly and easily Includes content from high quality authors from across the globe

Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches to Biomarker Discovery, Second Edition covers techniques from both proteomics and metabolomics and includes all steps involved in biomarker discovery, from study design to study execution. The book describes methods and presents a standard operating procedure for sample selection, preparation and storage, as well as data analysis and modeling. This new standard effectively eliminates the differing methodologies used in studies and creates a unified approach. Readers will learn the advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques discussed, as well as potential difficulties inherent to all steps in the biomarker discovery process. This second edition has been fully updated and revised to address recent advances in MS and NMR instrumentation, high-field NMR, proteomics and metabolomics for biomarker validation, clinical assays of biomarkers and clinical MS and NMR, identifying microRNAs and autoantibodies as biomarkers, MRM-MS assay development, top-down MS, glycosylation-based serum biomarkers, cell surface proteins in biomarker discovery, lipodomics for cancer biomarker discovery, and strategies to design studies to identify predictive biomarkers in cancer research. - Addresses the full range of proteomic and metabolomic methods and technologies used for biomarker discovery and validation - Covers all steps involved in biomarker discovery, from study design to study execution - Serves as a vital resource for biochemists, biologists, analytical chemists, bioanalytical chemists, clinical and medical technicians, researchers in pharmaceuticals and graduate students

This volume presents a thought-provoking state-of-the-art picture of how volatile compounds are used in metabolomics, currently a hot topic in the metabolomics field. It provides a thorough description of what volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are, why they are important in biomedicine, and what the analytical platforms are used. It also looks at multivariate analysis and databases needs. Because VOCs are end-up compounds of metabolic processes, volatiles can be linked to different diseases or pathologies for both diagnosis and prognosis. The authors provide authoritative information and guidance on the analytical and statistical techniques used and how to identify, and they review the main current areas of application, which include breath metabolomics, cancer diagnosis, and microbial volatiles. Key Features: Presents a thorough overview of volatile research in biomedical applications Examines both gold standard techniques (metabolomics based) and artificial olfactory systems Reviews all aspects of volatile metabolites in biomedicine research, from origin to detection platforms Describes relevant diseases diagnosis and prognosis achievements, including cancer

Ecologists and natural resource managers are charged with making complex management decisions in the face of a rapidly changing environment resulting from climate change, energy development, urban sprawl, invasive species and globalization. Advances in Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, digitization, online data availability, historic legacy datasets, remote sensors and the ability to collect data on animal movements via satellite and GPS have given rise to large, highly complex datasets. These datasets could be utilized for making critical management decisions, but are often “messy” and difficult to interpret. Basic artificial intelligence algorithms (i.e., machine learning) are powerful tools that are shaping the world and must be taken advantage of in the life sciences. In ecology, machine learning algorithms are critical to helping resource managers synthesize information to better understand complex ecological systems. Machine Learning has a wide variety of powerful applications, with three general uses that are of particular interest to ecologists: (1) data exploration to gain system knowledge and generate new hypotheses, (2) predicting ecological patterns in space and time, and (3) pattern recognition for ecological sampling. Machine learning can be used to make predictive assessments even when relationships between variables are poorly understood. When traditional techniques fail to capture the relationship between variables, effective use of machine learning can unearth and capture previously unattainable insights into an ecosystem's complexity. Currently, many ecologists do not utilize machine learning as a part of the scientific process. This volume highlights how machine learning techniques can complement the traditional methodologies currently applied in this field.

Birds of the Darwin Region is the first comprehensive treatment of the avifauna of Darwin, a city located in Australia's monsoon tropics, where seasons are defined by rainfall rather than by temperature. With its mangrove-lined bays and creeks, tidal mudflats, monsoon rainforests, savanna woodlands and freshwater lagoons, Darwin has retained all of its original habitats in near-pristine condition, and is home or host to 323 bird species. Unlike other Australian cities, it has no established exotic bird species. Following an introduction to the history of ornithology in the region and a detailed appraisal of its avifauna, species accounts describe the habitats, relative abundance, behaviour, ecology and breeding season of 258 regularly occurring species, based on over 500 fully referenced sources, and original observations by the authors. Distribution maps and charts of the seasonality of each species are presented, based on a dataset comprising almost 120,000 records, one-third of which were contributed by the authors. Stunning colour photographs adorn the accounts of most species, including some of the 65 species considered as vagrants to the region. This book is a must-read for professional ornithologists and amateur birders, and an indispensable reference for local biologists, teachers and students, and government and non-government environmental agencies, as well as other people who just like to watch birds.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics: A Practical Guide is a simple, step-by-step reference for profiling metabolites in a target organism. It discusses optimization of sample preparation for urine, serum, blood, tissue, food, and plant and animal cell samples. Encompassing three different technical fields-biology, analytical chemistry, and informa

The metabolomics and systems biology approach to research can be applied to many disciplines. This book provides a solid introduction to medical metabolomics and systems biology, and demonstrates how they have been applied to studies in medicine and human health, including nutrition and pathogenic microorganisms. Following core themes of diagnosis, pathology and aetiology of disease, this book provides a reference for health care professionals interested in how to use metabolomics for medical research.

This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods providing a a theoretical overview on metabolic alterations of cancer cells and a series of protocols that can be employed to study oncometabolism, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Malignant cells exhibit metabolic changes when compared to their normal counterparts, owing to both genetic and epigenetic alterations. Although such a metabolic rewiring has recently been indicated as'yet another'general hallmark of cancer, accumulating evidence suggests that the metabolic alterations of each neoplasm rather represent a molecular signature that intimately accompanies, and hence cannot be severed from, all facets of malignant transformation. - Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field - Covers research methods in biomineralization science - Contains sections on such topics providing a a theoretical overview on metabolic alterations of cancer cells and a series of protocols that can be employed to study oncometabolism, in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo.

Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches to Biomarker Discovery demonstrates how to leverage biomarkers to improve accuracy and reduce errors in research. Disease biomarker discovery is one of the most vibrant and important areas of research today, as the identification of reliable biomarkers has an enormous impact on disease diagnosis, selection of treatment regimens, and therapeutic monitoring. Various techniques are used in the biomarker discovery process, including techniques used in proteomics, the study of the proteins that make up an organism, and metabolomics, the study of chemical fingerprints created from cellular processes. Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches to Biomarker Discovery is the only publication that covers techniques from both proteomics and metabolomics and includes all steps involved in biomarker discovery, from study design to study execution. The book describes methods, and presents a standard operating procedure for sample selection, preparation, and storage, as well as data analysis and modeling. This new standard effectively eliminates the differing methodologies used in studies and creates a unified approach. Readers will learn the advantages and disadvantages of the various techniques discussed, as well as potential difficulties inherent to all steps in the biomarker discovery process. A vital resource for biochemists, biologists, analytical chemists, bioanalytical chemists, clinical and medical technicians, researchers in pharmaceuticals, and graduate students, Proteomic and Metabolomic Approaches to Biomarker Discovery provides the information needed to reduce clinical error in the execution of research. - Describes the use of biomarkers to reduce clinical errors in research - Includes techniques from a range of biomarker discoveries - Covers all steps involved in biomarker discovery, from study design to study execution

The breadth of scientific and technological interests in the general topic of photochemistry is truly enormous and includes, for example, such diverse areas as microelectronics, atmospheric chemistry, organic synthesis, non-conventional photoimaging, photosynthesis, solar energy conversion, polymer technologies, and spectroscopy. This Specialist Periodical Report on Photochemistry aims to provide an annual review of photo-induced processes that have relevance to the above wide-ranging academic and commercial disciplines, and interests in chemistry, physics, biology and technology. In order to provide easy access to this vast and varied literature, each volume of Photochemistry comprises sections concerned with photophysical processes in condensed phases, organic aspects which are sub-divided by chromophore type, polymer photochemistry, and photochemical aspects of solar energy conversion. Volume 34 covers literature published from July 2001 to June 2002. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.

This book forms the Proceedings of the Second Symposium on Fluid Power organised by the Japan Hydraulics and Pneumatics Society and held in Tokyo in September 1993. It follows the very succesful First Symposium held in 1989 and presents the latest information on research and industrial activity currently underway in the field of fluid power.