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This step-by-step guide takes the reader through the complex process of investigating serious incidents in health, social care, and criminal justice environments, acknowledging differences of culture and context that shape an investigation. Taking a multi-disciplinary approach, Part 1 begins by exploring the key principles of investigation, including ethical and legal perspectives, the involvement of families and carers, and being aware of unconscious bias, among other issues. Part 2 outlines in detail the conduct of investigations, from planning to processing the findings, before moving on to Part 3, carrying them out in diverse settings. Further chapters then look at investigating within diverse environments before moving on to to Part 4 which deals with reviewing and analysing the evidence collected and writing up the investigation. This final part also examines the pivotal issue of learning from the investigation and disseminating the report. The inclusion of case studies, models of good practice, and vignettes enables the reader to view each stage of the process in context and drive the transformation of practice. This practical resource is designed to support health and social care professionals who undertake investigations as part of their role, including nurses, allied health practitioners, social workers, doctors, and psychologists, as well as military personnel and law enforcers. It is an essential companion.

Autism presents in a multitude of different and highly nuanced ways - particularly as it intersects with variance in class, gender, race and age. Misunderstanding and misinformation around variant and differing presentations means that misdiagnosed individuals and those who do not receive a diagnosis at all are often failed by medical, education, social care and criminal justice systems. They are detained in inappropriate settings; don't receive beneficial therapeutic input; have their families accused of fabricated or induced illness (FII); are kept in prison or youth offending institutions longer than their original tariffs, and shockingly their life expectancy is often curtailed as a result. This comprehensive resource will help multidisciplinary professions to understand, contextualise, and better identify diverse autistic presentations. It includes an overview of the autism diagnostic process, an exploration of controversial and commonly confused diagnoses such as PDA, ODD, CD, ASPD, and BPD; discussions of best practice for investigating FII; and analysis of the specific challenges of autism diagnosis in relation to women and girls, BAME communities, schools, and the criminal justice system.

This concise book provides readers with practical guidance to help them to both avoid errors and develop robust processes to protect themselves and their patients, as well as dealing appropriately with complaints and litigation, when things do go wrong. Free of complex legal terminology, the book outlines key concepts in medical law and how these may be applied to clinical situations in both hospital and community settings.Key Features Accessible text addressing these specific areas of concern for all health care students and practitioners – error and harm, complaints, negligence claims and litigation Supported throughout with case examples, accompanied by commentaries from experienced clinical specialists Both medical and legal perspectives are reflected in the experienced editor team Incorporating case law with practical studies, legal information is supplemented by clinical commentaries from a range of specialists representing the perspective of the health care practitioner. The book is essential reading for medical and health students, practising clinicians and allied health care professionals at all levels.

An Instant New York Times BestsellerFrom Johns Hopkins medical expert Dr. Marty Makary, the New York Times-bestselling author of The Price We Pay-an eye-opening look at the medical groupthink that has led to public harm, and what you need to know about your health.More Americans have peanut allergies today than at any point in history. Why? In 2000, the American Academy of Pediatrics issued a strict recommendation that parents avoid giving their children peanut products until they're three years old. Getting the science perfectly backward, triggering intolerance with lack of early exposure, the US now leads the world in peanut allergies-and this misinformation is still rearing its head today.How could the experts have gotten it so wrong? Dr. Marty Makary asks, Could it be that many modern-day health crises have been caused by the hubris of the medical establishment? Experts said for decades that opioids were not addictive, igniting the opioid crisis. They refused menopausal women hormone replacement therapy, causing unnecessary suffering. They demonized natural fat in foods, driving Americans to processed carbohydrates as obesity rates soared. They told citizens that there are no downsides to antibiotics and prescribed them liberally, causing a drug-resistant bacteria crisis.When modern medicine issues recommendations based on good scientific studies, it shines. Conversely, when modern medicine is interpreted through the harsh lens of opinion and edict, it can mold beliefs that harm patients and stunt research for decades. In Blind Spots, Dr. Makary explores the latest research on critical topics ranging from the microbiome to childbirth to nutrition and longevity and more, revealing the biggest blind spots of modern medicine and tackling the most urgent yet unsung issues in our $4.5 trillion health care ecosystem. The path to medical mishaps can be absurd, entertaining, and jaw-dropping-but the truth is essential to our health.

Medizinische Diagnosen bestimmen Schicksale. Doch können wir uns ihrer Richtigkeit niemals ganz sicher sein. Wie gelangen Ärzte zu einer Diagnose? Wieso passieren dabei Fehler? Kann eine künstliche Intelligenz das ärztliche Können übertreffen? Claudia Schinköthe erklärt das Diagnostizieren als klassischen Fehlschluss. Sie greift dabei insbesondere auf die wissenschaftstheoretischen Arbeiten von Charles S. Peirce zurück und verdeutlicht, unter welchen Bedingungen eine richtige Diagnose gelingen kann. Damit ermöglicht die Autorin nachvollziehbare und erhellende Einblicke in medizinische Denkmuster. Eine gute Diagnose ist das Ergebnis fundierter ärztlicher Urteilskraft, welche auf Wissen, Kunst und neuerdings auch auf Digitalität beruht.

This innovative book uses a case-based approach to discuss mistakes made in the practice of clinical neuropsychology to form a helpful tool in the training of early career clinicians. By allowing readers space for critical reflection during clinical practice, the book teaches competency in clinical neuropsychology, through the examination of errors as a central part of the learning process.The core of this book is a diverse series of mistakes, each embedded as a patient narrative. Each chapter is based around an example error, typically one that was made, by the authors, as early career clinicians. Early chapters focus on mistakes in neuropsychological assessment, and the diagnostic process. Later chapters focus on errors in rehabilitation and management. Each chapter is framed to reflect the situational context, for example the role of history, what constitutes normal performance, the way that complex tasks rely on foundational skills, or the treatment of patients with dysexecutive impairment. Towards the end of each chapter there is reflection on the nature of each error type. As such, each chapter follows the structure SEER (Situation, Example, Error, Reflection), helping the reader to imagine the situation around the mistake, its nature and relevance. The book especially emphasises small phrases of insight (axioms, or gnomes) that are widely used by experienced clinicians. This is valuable reading for students of clinical neuropsychology, occupational therapy and speech and language therapy as well as professionals in these fields such as neurologists, psychiatrists and other rehabilitation therapists. It is especially appropriate for those in the earlier stages of their career in clinical neuropsychology, or in related disciplines which involve the assessment and treatment of patients with neurological disorders that impair cognition or disrupt the regulation of emotion. However, experienced clinicians will also find it includes interesting insights to improve their practice.

Trusted is the tale of finding the cause of Reye's syndrome, a devastating and mysterious illness described by Dr R.D.K. Reye and colleagues at the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Camperdown, Sydney in 1963.In 1978, ten-year-old Mark Keller woke up with fever, headache and a cough. His mother kept him home from school that day and a few more. He appeared to be getting better. Then, with no warning, Mark began vomiting violently and became delirious. His parents rushed him to his pediatrician's office. An ambulance was called and dispatched immediately. During the 15-minute ride to the emergency department, Mark lapsed into a coma. Within hours he was dead. Parents of baby boom, Gen X, and millennial children were terrified of the enigmatic illness. It came on suddenly in the wake of common childhood diseases and flu. Doctors were saying'nothing can be done beyond taking aspirin...'Before Covid-19, before Flint, before AIDS, this deadly brain-swelling illness was striking down thousands of perfectly healthy children and was one of the first man-made public health crises in modern times. Trusted is a non-fiction, memoir-expose of Karen Starko's discovery of aspirin as the cause and history of this decades-long, twentieth-century tragedy.Karen Starko's work was met with intense skepticism and even after it was replicated again and again, politics delayed solutions every step of the way. Before her discovery, thousands of children and teens had died and tens of thousands had been hospitalised in the United States in addition to untold numbers around the world. Trusted exposes this nightmare: the inception, the perpetrators, the believers and disbelievers, and the unsung heroes.

Whether you are a doctor, nurse, student, or otherwise interested reader, the stories here will help you to understand how medicine works and how medical error can happen. The lifelong process of learning that is a medical career requires healthcare workers to find a way to live through these setbacks without either becoming too adept at putting them'down to experience'and forgetting their social significance, or'burning out'and leaving medicine. The stories and discussions here present detailed narratives, analyses, and reflections on medical errors through actions, omissions, and misunderstandings. They offer a uniquely honest perspective on the social implications of medical error and will enable healthcare workers at all levels to analyse and learn from it without losing sight of its impact.

Trasmundi combines her background as a cognitive ethnographer with theory of radical embodied cognition and interaction to investigate how healthcare practitioners manage cognitive events in patient treatment and diagnosing that often lead to human errors. This interdisciplinary focus emphasises how professional action underlines various forms of cognitive and social life that involves language, tools, organisational procedures, shared expertise, cultural values and social rules. The book investigates such phenomena which previously have fallen into the gaps between established disciplines of interaction analysis and psychology. In arguing that the multi-scalar constraints of professional action are still underexplored in a naturalistic setting of emergency medicine, Trasmundi uses tools such as multimodal interaction analysis and cognitive event analysis to investigate the cultural and distributed nature of cognition. The book provides the reader with a new take on this heavily investigated topic, both theoretically and methodologically by describing how medical culture affects real-time interaction and how culture itself is shaped by the exact same dynamics.

Developing best practices and ethical systems to protect and enhance patient safety.Human errors occur all too frequently in medical practice settings. One sobering recent report claimed that medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States. Hoping to reverse this disturbing trend but wondering why it is that things usually go well despite errors, John D. Banja's Patient Safety Ethics lays out a model that advocates vigilance, mindfulness, compliance, and humility as core ethical principles of patient safety. Arguing that the safe provision of healthcare is one of the most fundamental moral obligations of clinicians, Banja surveys the research literature on harm-causing medical errors to explore the ethical foundations of patient safety and to reduce the severity and frequency of medical error. Drawing on contemporary scholarship on quality improvement, risk management, and medical decision making, Banja also relies on a novel source of information to illustrate patient safety ethics: medical malpractice suits. Providing professional perspective with insights from prominent patient safety experts, Patient Safety Ethics identifies hazard pitfalls and suggests concrete ways for clinicians and regulators to improve patient safety through an ethically cultivated program of'hazard awareness.'

This book describes and illustrates the gamut of errors that may arise during the performance and interpretation of imaging of both nontraumatic and traumatic emergencies, using a head-to-toe approach. The coverage encompasses mistakes related to suboptimal imaging protocols, failure to review a portion of the examination, satisfaction of search error, and misinterpretation of imaging findings. The book opens with an overview of an evidence-based approach to errors in imaging interpretation in patients in the emergency setting. Subsequent chapters describe errors in radiographic, US, multidetector CT, dual-energy CT, and MR imaging of common as well as less common acute conditions, including disorders in the pediatric population, and the unique mistakes in the imaging evaluation of pregnant patients. The book is written by a group of leading North American and European Emergency and Trauma Radiology experts. It will be of value to emergency and general radiologists, to emergency department physicians and related personnel, to general and trauma surgeons, and to trainees in all of these specialties.

An unflinching and luminous memoir that explores a father's philosophical transformation when he must reconsider the questions what makes us human? and whose life is worth living?Before becoming a father, Chris Gabbard was a fast-track academic finishing his doctoral dissertation at Stanford. A disciple of Enlightenment thinkers, he was a devotee of reason, believed in the reliability of science, and lived by the dictum that an unexamined life is not worth living. That is, until his son August was born.Despite his faith that modern medicine would not fail him, August was born with a severe traumatic brain injury as a likely result of medical error and lived as a spastic quadriplegic who was cortically blind, profoundly cognitively impaired, and nonverbal. While Gabbard tried to uncover what went wrong during the birth and adjusted to his new role raising a child with multiple disabilities, he began to rethink his commitment to Enlightenment thinkers—who would have concluded that his son was doomed to a life of suffering. But August was a happy child who brought joy to just about everyone he met in his 14 years of life—and opened up Gabbard's capacity to love. Ultimately, he comes to understand that his son is undeniably a person deserving of life.A Life Beyond Reason will challenge readers to reexamine their beliefs about who is deserving of humanity.

يعتبر الطب والقانون مجالان مختلفان من حيث نطاقهما والموضوعات التي يتم تناولها، ولما كان القانون وباعتباره قواعد منظمة لسلوك الفرد داخل المجتمع فكان لا بد من أن يتناول القانون تنظيم عمل الطبيب وكذلك المؤسسات العلاجية، وعلة ذلك الارتباط الوثيق بين القانون وسلوك الفرد بصورة عامة وسلوك الطبيب وعمل المؤسسات العلاجية بصوره خاصة، والتي يرتبط نشاطها بصحة الإنسان وحقه في سلامة جسده، وعلى ضوء ذلك يقدم هذا الكتاب دراسة حول فكرة الخطأ المهني، ويقع الكتاب في ثلاثة أبواب: (أركان المسئولية الطبية، نطاق مسئولية الطبيب، ودعاوى المسئولية الطبية).

Dieses Buch bietet eine rechtsgebietsübergreifende Analyse der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer GKV-Unterstützung von Patienten bei Behandlungsfehlerverdacht. Es handelt sich um eine praxisbezogene wissenschaftliche Untersuchung auf der Schnittstelle von Sozialrecht, Haftungsrecht und Zivilprozessrecht mit Bezügen zum Versicherungsrecht, Datenschutzrecht und Rechtsdienstleistungsrecht. Vor dem Hintergrund des geltenden Rechts werden der Unterstützungsbedarf der Versicherten sowie die Unterstützungspraxis der Krankenkassen systematisch dargestellt und bewertet. Die Verfasser unterbreiten konkrete Vorschläge im Hinblick auf ungenutztes Unterstützungspotential und gesetzgeberischen Handlungsbedarf.