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Electrocoagulation (EC) has displayed great potential as an effective and environmentally friendly method to remove dyes from wastewaters. This review summarizes the recent development of dyes removal in the EC process that including the effects of primary operating parameters, optimization of the EC performance based on central composite design (CCD) in Response Surface Mythology (RSM) for two elements that are used as Fe, Al, as well as the evaluation of EC reactor configurations and Removing dyes from wastewater spinning textile factories through this process using iron and aluminum and testing the efficiency of the two components in the removal process. Production and characterization of EC products with respect to different electrodes are systematically discussed. Moreover, the performance of EC and the performance of Fe, Al are compared under five factors (I.c, pH, Time, Current, Distance), Optimal conditions were achieved for Fe and Al as initial concentration 10 ppm, pH 7, time 20 min, current 0.5 A, distance 1.5. and initial concentration 75 ppm, pH 5, time 40 min, current 0.75 A, distance 1 respectively Removal yields were achieved as 99.0583% and 99.9885% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this research is to fabricate a nanocellulose based filament from the biomass water hyacinth using wet spinning method for textile purpose. Water hyacinth is chosen due to the abundance resource in Indonesia and currently they are perceived as a weeds that can contaminate the water ecosystem. In this research, the water hyacinth is pre-treated initially by dewaxing it using the mixture of ethanol - toluene 2:2 volume ratio. The sequence steps were performed namely the bleaching step was done for whitening with 9 g of NaClO2 in order to for separating the lignin and hemicellulose, the alkaline treatment with 4%wt NaOH is conducted. The next treatment, the acid hydrolysis treatment was completed to produce the nanocellulose type CNC (nanocrystal). The acid solution used for this stage is hydrochloric acid HCl with the concentration variation of 1%, 2%, 4% wt at 80 °C for 2 hours. The instrument analysis XRD and TEM were used to characterize the nanocrystalline product for its degree crystallinity and microscopic size. Finally, the step for the extrusion, wet-spinning method was conducted to produce the filament with the variations of the nanocellulose concentration and the diameter of the syringe needle. The use of cellulose nanocrystal as a filament based is expected to have a stronger performance due its crystallinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theoretical analysis of the spunbond process was set up and applied to polypropylene (PP) and its blends. The effect of blending low tacticity polypropylene (LMPP) to high tacticity PP on the spinnability of the spubond process was investigated. A small amount of LMPP was found to stabilize the high speed spinning of PP and very fine fibers were obtained. From the calculated results, it was speculated that the improvement of spinnability originated from the suppression of crystallization speed and strain rate in the spinning process. Physical properties of spunbond nonwoven fabrics were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the influence of the main technological parameters of electrostatic spinning on the morphology and properties of ultrathin fibers on the basis of polyhydroxybutyrate. It is found that the electric conductivity and viscosity of the spinning solution affects the process of forming fibers niacrostructure. The fiber-based materials PHB lets control geometry and optimize the viscosity and conductivity of a spinning solution. The resulting fibers have foimd use in medicine, particularly in the construction elements musculoskeletal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spiral shapes occur frequently in nature, such as in case of snail shells or in case of the so-called cochlea, namely the auditory portion of the inner ear. They also inspire many technological devices that take advantage of this geom pyro electrospinning is able to control the whipping instabilities in order to form polymeric spirals directly onto the target support and with true regularity at microscale. The results show that the polymer concentration plays a key role in producing reliable and long spirals. We investigate the cell response to these spiral templates that, thanks to their true regularity, would be useful for developing innovative cochlea regeneration scaffolds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypropylene (PP) / Polyethylene (PE) bicomponent microporous hollow fiber membranes were prepared through the bicomponent melt spinning and drawing processes. Fibers of hollow shape were firstly prepared through the melt spinning process by introducing the air into the core part of the fiber cross-section. Annealing and drawing processes were applied to thus prepared fibers to furnish the membrane properties to the fibers. In this study, high and low molecular weight PP, HMwPP and LMwPP, were used. Viscosity of HMwPP was higher than that of PE, while viscosity of LMwPP was lower than that of PE. In the case of LMwPP/PE fibers, birefringence of PE component increased with take-up velocity and birefringence of LMwPP component was lower than that of PE component at all attainable take-up velocities. In HMwPP/PE fibers, birefringence of both components increased with take-up velocity at low take-up velocities. Birefringence of HMwPP component increased continuously with further increase of take-up velocity, however that of PE component decreased significantly at the take-up velocity higher than 1 km/min. In this region, birefringence of HMwPP component in HMwPP/PE bicomponent hollow fibers was much higher than that of LMwPP component in LMwPP/PE hollow fibers. Hollow fiber membrane which was prepared by annealing and drawing of HMwPP/PE hollow fibers showed 10 times higher air transmission rate than that of LMwPP/PE fibers. In addition, air transmission rate increased with an increase in the HMwPP composition. These results indicate that the structure of PP component in the as-spun fiber undertake a crucial role on membrane properties in PP/PE bicomponent hollow fiber membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]