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Alloantibodies, in particular immunoglobulin G (allo-IgG), confer a rejection advantage to tumors sharing the same major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in mice. However, when administrated intratumorally, this effect can only be achieved in combination with dendritic cells (DCs) activation. Here, we developed high titer allo-IgG by multiple rounds of immunization with allogenic B16 melanoma cells, which allows for the strong binding with B16 cells. We demonstrate that B16 cells incubated with these allo-IgG (referred to as allo-IgG-B16) become highly immunogenic, which release tumor antigens that are efficiently presented by classic DCs in lymph nodes (LNs). Injection of allo-IgG-B16 turns the tumor into an immune hot one and even elicits a systemic antitumor response when used together with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). This systemic response is tumor-specific and relies on the critical site - LNs. Our findings provide a rationale for the use of allo-IgG in cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are demonstrated to be usually less sensitive to conventional methods of cancer therapies, resulting in tumor relapse. It is well-known that an ideal treatment would be able to selectively target and kill CSCs, so as to avoid the tumor reversion. The aim of our present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a dendritic cell (DC) based vaccine against CSCs in a mouse model of malignant melanoma. C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow derived DCs pulsed with a murine melanoma cell line (B16F10) or CSC lysates were used as a vaccine. Immunization of mice with CSC lysate-pulsed DCs was able to induce a significant prophylactic effect by a higher increase in lifespan and obvious depression of tumor growth in tumor bearing mice. The mice vaccinated with DCs loaded with CSC-lysate were revealed to produce specific cytotoxic responses to CSCs. The proliferation assay and cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-4) secretion of mice vaccinated with CSC lysate-pulsed DCs also showed more favorable results, when compared to those receiving B16F10 lysate-pulsed DCs. These findings suggest a potential strategy to improve the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy of cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]