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A ratiometric fluorescent probe ( NR ) for HOCl based on a new naphthalimide-rhodamine platform involving through-bond energy transfer (TBET) process is presented. Rhodamine B thiohydrazide and naphthalimide derivative were linked to form a structure of monothio-bishydrazide. Free NR only emitted the fluorescence of naphthalimide. The treatment of NR with HOCl converted the monothio-bishydrazide into 1,2,4-oxadiazole. As a result, naphthalimide donor and rhodamine acceptor were connected with electronically conjugated bonds, and the spiro ring of rhodamine was opened. Hence, a typical TBET process took place, resulting in the increase of rhodamine emission at 582 nm as well as the decrease of naphthalimide emission at 532 nm. I 582 /I 532 ratios showed desirable HOCl-dependent performance and responded linearly to minor changes of HOCl concentration (0–5 μM). The detection limit was determined to be 14.5 nM. NR exhibited high selectivity, rapid response and low cytotoxicity. Moreover, NR has been employed for the imaging of artificially loaded HOCl and endogenously produced HOCl with satisfying results. Therefore, NR may act as a practical molecular tool for monitoring HOCl fluctuations in biological systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) as an acute liver disease has caused serious concern in public health problems. As a kind of reactive oxygen species, HClO has come into scientists' vision as a marker of DILI. Herein, we construct a BODIPY-based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe (BDP-R-ClO) for the selective and sensitive response of hypochlorous acid. The probe could realize the rapid detection of HClO, with a 20-fold fluorescence enhancement at 661 nm and the detection value of which was only 1.8 nM. Moreover, BDP-R-ClO could diagnose and visualize DILI by monitoring the fluctuation of HClO concentration in vitro and in vivo , and evaluate the detoxification of hepatoprotective drugs. Through the visualization of HClO in the mice liver injury models, BDP-R-ClO not only proved its applicability but also indicated that it had great potential in the diagnosis and monitoring of HClO-related diseases. [Display omitted] ● A novel BODIPY-based NIR fluorescent probe for detection of HClO was developed. ● Probe exhibited favorable selectivity and sensibility towards HClO. ● Probe could be utilized to visualize HClO via fluorescence imaging in live cells and in vivo. ● Probe realized the diagnosis of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, and evaluated the detoxification of hepatoprotective drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of a range of diseases. The detection of HOCl has been a hot research topic. Herein, this paper proposes a new conjugate of 4-hydroxy-1,8-naphthalimide and p -methylaminophenylether as fluorescent probe HNPE with simple synthesis and excellent performances to detect HOCl. The probe has a good linear relationship with HOCl (0–1 μM), and its detection limit is 6.56 nM. Moreover, this probe has good selectivity, which can distinguish HOCl from other common analytes. Importantly, the probe HNPE has some achievements in HOCl imaging of living cells and zebrafish. Hence, the probe HNPE is competent as a tool to visualize HOCl in biosystems. Image 1 • Probe HNPE with the p -alkylaminophenylether moiety showed high sensitivity to HOCl (DL = 6.56 nM). • Probe HNPE exhibited preeminent selectivity towards HOCl over other reactive oxygen species. • Probe HNPE was applied to the visualization of native HOCl in living cells and zebrafish. • The concise p -alkylaminophenylether moiety could be used to construct different types of HOCl fluorescent probes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]