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Spelling errors are a prevalent form of interference that may result from human handwriting or natural language processing systems, such as optical character recognition. This type of interference presents a challenge for natural language processing systems that rely on context-based embeddings to comprehend the exact semantics of a sentence. The proposed fusion scheme is the main focus of this paper, which aims to correct spelling errors in sentences. The scheme employs both the original input and the masked input. The masked input is acquired by utilizing a detection module to mask any spelling errors present in the original input. By utilizing the masked input, the scheme is capable of learning the real sentence semantic information that is not affected by spelling errors. Utilizing the original input can prevent the loss of input information resulting from masking operations. Finally, the utilization of the Kullback-Leibler divergence is employed to establish concordance between the two output distributions within the framework, consequently facilitating the acquisition of comprehensive input information, all while mitigating the influence of spelling errors. Experiments were conducted on two widely used benchmarks. Compared with previous methods, the approach presented herein exhibited superior performance as it achieved improvements on two benchmarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigation in distributed Radar Sensor Network (RSN) and MIMO-RSN are more like two parallel paths other than one research field in current literature. In this paper, we address the comparison between optimal fusion scheme of distributed-RSN and optimal power control of MIMO-RSN for target detection. We first establish the wireless statistic channel model for these two types of RSNs under flat fading channel condition. Using Jake’s model, Rayleigh flat fading channel is obtained. Then we provide optimization for the fusion scheme and the power control. Both amplitude and phase of the received signals are applied to the optimal/suboptimal fusion schemes for the distributed-RSN. Water-filling, the optimal power control scheme is utilized in the MIMO-RSN, where two suboptimal schemes (equal power and channel inversion) are also investigated to provide a comparison. The detection performance is analyzed and compared in terms of probability of detection ( P d ) and probability of false alarm ( P f a ). The simulation results show that the water-filling in MIMO-RSN achieves the best performance, whereas the optimal fusion scheme for distributed-RSN obtains worse performance than the equal power control in MIMO-RSN, and the channel inversion in MIMO-RSN gets the worst performance, which has almost the same performance as the suboptimal fusion scheme in distributed-RSN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]