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Abstract Many studies have investigated adhesive tubular joints subjected to axial load. However, previous analytical studies were only limited to the joints with single-layer isotropic or orthotropic materials, and the corresponding mathematical models were highly complicated. Thus, the aim of this article is to develop a simplified but comprehensive model for studying adhesive-bonded tubular coupler joints subjected to tension. The joint adherends can be made of isotropic, orthotropic, or multilayer composite materials. This study presents the formulation of the mathematical model for stress analysis in coupler joints. Assumptions of an axisymmetric joint with linearly elastic adherends and adhesive materials are employed. A thin adhesive layer is considered such that only the out-of-plane adhesive stresses are concerned and are treated to be uniform through the layer thickness. Using elasticity theory and the newly developed finite-segmented method, stress distributions in both adherends and the adhesive can be evaluated. The influence of fiber angle in the cases of composite adherends and joint geometries are studied. The results provide a good guideline in designing adhesive-bonded cylindrical joints with isotropic and composite adherends under axial loads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the use of hemp/glass fiber reinforced epoxy composites for designing automotive front bumper beams, focusing on crashworthiness and pedestrian safety. The composite bumper beam model is evaluated through low- and high-velocity crash simulations and pedestrian leg form impact tests using LS-DYNA software. Optimal stacking sequences are analyzed, with high-strength glass fibers positioned on the outer layers to bear impact loads and low-density hemp fibers in the middle. The hybrid hemp (H)/glass (G) fiber composite laminate can absorb up to 90 % of the impact energy absorbed by a glass fiber composite, with a ± 45° fiber orientation, showing exceptional energy absorption capabilities. The [G(±45°) 4 , H(±45°) 4 ] S composite bumper beam offers superior impact performance, safety, and a weight reduction of 49.2 % compared to a commercial steel bumper beam. This study highlights the potential of natural fiber composites as sustainable alternatives in automotive design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]