Search

Writing and presenting results is important for any research work. Publishing is not enough; it should be written clearly and consistently for others to read and cite. We present a review of different techniques, for improving the writing in research papers intended for publishing. These include how to write the title, whether to use active or passive voice, how long sentences should be, how to present the uncertainty, understanding the International System of Units (SI) writing conventions, how to assign authorship, how to effectively use references, how to present the work, and how to publish it in a journal. This paper is a summary of the main and most recent recommendations in the scientific field on how to write a research paper to increase its impact.

It is the position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, School Nutrition Association (SNA), and Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior (SNEB) that comprehensive, integrated nutrition programs in preschool through high school are essential to improve the health, nutritional status, and academic performance of our nation's children. To maximize impact, the Academy, SNA, and SNEB recommend specific strategies in the following key areas: food and nutrition services available throughout the school campus, nutrition initiatives such as Farm to School and school gardens, wellness policies, nutrition education and promotion, and consideration of roles and responsibilities. This paper supports the joint position paper of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, SNA, and SNEB published in the May 2018 Journal of Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. In alignment with the joint position paper, this practice paper provides registered dietitian nutritionists and nutrition and dietetics technicians, registered with an overview of current school nutrition services and opportunities for professional careers in school settings. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics has several position papers related to youth preschool through adolescence that cover specific nutrition needs in more detail at www.eatright.org.

nextGEN, a listserv and advocacy collective founded and maintained by graduate students across the international field of writing studies, 1 kairotically begun in response to controversial interactions on the WPA-Listserv in March 2018 (Laughner, 2019; “Where We Are,” 2020; Beare, 2021). Following the release of Vershawn Ashanti Young's 2019 CCCC Call for Papers, the backlash on WPA-L discussed, and in many ways perpetuated, the on-going racialized, linguistic discrimination within writing studies, writ large. As graduate students contributed to these conversations, this situation clearly illustrated their systemic dismissal from disciplinary conversations. In this white paper, we highlight four tactical strategies used by nextGEN since its inception to demonstrate the importance of coalitional literacies in digital advocacy spaces. Finally, we conclude by briefly looking forward to future challenges and possibilities for the next generation of nextGEN. Overall, we offer this argument as a “white paper” because it is our–the authors–understanding and situating of the systemic problems that defined the emergence and early work of nextGEN. 2 We offer readers a specific history, scholarly framework, and model for building and sustaining an international listserv and advocacy space for and by graduate students through coalitional literacies of digital safety and solidarity.

Our society is facing serious environmental challenges related to climate change, pollution, diminishing resources, and biodiversity loss. Such problems are often ill-defined and are characterized by high uncertainty. Environmental decisions have strong impacts on society and demand clear and transparent trade-offs across values and priorities of stakeholder groups. This Feature Issue on Environmental Decisions includes papers focused on important environmental applications approached through various disciplinary backgrounds. The papers highlight advanced–often interdisciplinary–methodological approaches and include the perspectives of different stakeholders in the process of environmental decision-making. A wide range of methods are explored, ranging from a comprehensive review (for sustainable transport by Marleau Donais et al.) to an opinion paper proposing the use of Records of Engagement and Decision-making (RoED; by Cockerill et al.). Stakeholder engagement and preference elicitation required the development of new aggregation models for Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA; by Reichert et al.). The integration of Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) with MCDA was found to be necessary in practice (by Liu et al.; Marleau Donais et al.). MCDA was extended to include the spatial dimension by integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS; by Guay et al.; Schito et al.). The importance of considering the resilience of systems to better respond to and recover from unpredictable risks was emphasized (by Leyerer et al.; Mustajoki and Marttunen). These papers demonstrate the richness of approaches to environmental decision-making. Environmental issues offer ample exciting research opportunities to a broader scientific community. We encourage the readers of this Feature Issue—and of EJDP—to engage in environmental decision-making projects to support emerging societal needs.

This article is a review paper, which examines the place of gender in hospitality research and education and discusses the significance of hospitality for women's employment and entrepreneurship opportunities. The paper’s main purpose, however, is to speculate on the future of hospitality gender research and women’s employment prospects in the industry. It suggests that, despite the emergence of gender perspectives in hospitality research and the recent rise of popular feminism in response to high-profile sexual harassment cases and a well-publicised gender pay gap, gender still does not occupy mainstream territory in the field. The paper stresses the continued missed opportunities of neglecting female talent and calls on female and male leaders to shape a gender-just future in hospitality study and practice by mentoring and holding hierarchies to account. The paper identifies AI and robotics and sexual exploitation and harassment as two areas in which hospitality gender scholars could lead scholarship and policy debates on gendered human experiences.

Despite tour guides being substantial influencers in the tourism industry, tour guiding research is relatively recent and receives insufficient scholarly attention. This paper provides a content analysis of empirical English-language journal articles on tour guides and tour guiding covering a 36-year-period. Papers were coded by journal discipline, authorship, location of study and methodology. Key findings show that while tour guiding is receiving increasing attention from researchers, research is somewhat unevenly spread geographically. Knowledge-building of tour guiding could benefit from a wider range of study locations, investigations of additional guide genres, a greater use of mixed methods and, most importantly, collaboration across locations and genres.

Ethics in social science experimentation and data collection are often discussed but rarely articulated in writing as part of research outputs. Although papers typically reference human subjects research approvals from relevant institutional review boards, most recognize that such boards do not carry out comprehensive ethical assessments. We propose a structured ethics appendix to provide details on the following: policy equipoise, role of the researcher, potential harms to participants and nonparticipants, conflicts of interest, intellectual freedom, feedback to participants, and foreseeable misuse of research results. We discuss each of these and some of the norms and challenging situations of each. We believe that discussing such issues explicitly in appendices of papers, even if briefly, will serve two purposes: more complete communication of ethics can improve discussions of papers and can clarify and improve the norms themselves.

In China, HSS master students are becoming the main target of Chinese-language predatory journals. Existing research has not paid attention to why the HSS master students publish papers in Chinese-language predatory journals. This research interviewed 13 HSS (Humanities and Social Sciences) master students with different majors using the semi-structured interview method, then used GT to analyze the data and found that research discrimination, research context, self-awareness and individual demand are the main reasons why HSS master students publish papers in Chinese-language predatory journals. This research suggests that universities, colleges, and research institutions establish mechanisms for evaluating the quality of researcher’s papers, and no longer value the number of papers.

That AI will have a major impact on society is no longer in question. Current debate turns instead on how far this impact will be positive or negative, for whom, in which ways, in which places, and on what timescale. In order to frame these questions in a more substantive way, in this prolegomena we introduce what we consider the four core opportunities for society offered by the use of AI, four associated risks which could emerge from its overuse or misuse, and the opportunity costs associated with its under use. We then offer a high-level view of the emerging advantages for organisations of taking an ethical approach to developing and deploying AI. Finally, we introduce a set of five principles which should guide the development and deployment of AI technologies. The development of laws, policies and best practices for seizing the opportunities and minimizing the risks posed by AI technologies would benefit from building on ethical frameworks such as the one offered here.

This paper introduces the key methodological challenges related to working with children within an ethnographic research design. After briefly identifying in-depth contextually rich data as the key aim of any ethnographic research, some of the particular challenges related to working with children are explored. These are described along two key axes: ethical issues related to power dynamics loaded in favour of the adult researcher, and practical, logistical barriers to generating data that are a true reflection of the young child's ideas and beliefs. 'Process assent' and 'ethical symmetry' are flagged as the key means of optimising ethicality, while the benefits of using the 'least adult role', and creative child centric activities are outlined as ways to generating and collecting trustworthy data.

Andrew Ehrenberg’s work challenges the emphasis that hospitality marketing practitioners, educators and academic researchers place on segmentation, targeting (especially of heavy users), positioning, and meaningful brand differentiation. However, few marketing practitioners and scholars in hospitality appear familiar with this work. This invited paper attempts to increase awareness and appreciation of Ehrenberg’s work as well as its relevance to and implications for hospitality marketing. Topics covered include the NBD Law, Law of Double Jeopardy, Duplication of Purchase Law, and Law of Natural Monopoly as well as the evidence of weak brand segmentation, low perceived brand uniqueness, and the generalizability of the brand belief-usage relationship.

Self-mention in academic writing has been studied extensively, especially from the point of view of rhetorical functions. In this paper I argue that rhetorical functions represent only one dimension of self-mention. Adding the dimensions of grammatical forms and of hedging and boosting, I propose a three-dimensional model of self-mention. I then employ the model in the analysis of three types of writing in the field of linguistics – L1 English, L1 Slovak (a typologically different language), and L2 English writing by Slovak authors. The study shows that authors employ various degrees of the three dimensions of self-mention to meet expectations of their readers while maintaining a balanced power of self-mention. The results suggest that some, but not all, discourse practices related to self-mention might be transferred to L2 English from one's L1.

This study explores science communication on Twitter by investigating a sample of tweets referring to academic papers in five different scientific fields. The specifications of science communicators on Twitter, the characteristics of those who initiate actions (by tweeting), the extent and quality of reactions (retweeting), individual and group interactions, and the distribution of tweets across types of engagement in the process of science communication (i.e., dissemination, consultation, and evaluation) were explored. A broad array of actors is involved in the communication of science on Twitter, with individual citizens and individual researchers playing an important role. In principle, this is promising for creating direct interaction, which can be difficult through more traditional mass media. The vast majority of communication activities regarding academic papers is undigested dissemination with almost no sign of debate, contestation, or collective reflection. Another general finding of this study is that bot accounts play a major role in the science communication landscape on Twitter.

This paper provides guidance to authors of European Institute for Food Law working papers. It discusses topics such as the template, style, referencing, lay out, the use of illustrations, and posting a paper online.

Background The need for new graduate nurses to have the capabilities to function effectively in increasingly complex, dynamic and diverse health care settings has energised debate about the need for four year nursing degrees. Questions What types of four year bachelor degrees are evident globally and what are the key arguments and evidence suggesting a need for four year nursing degrees in Australia? Methods A scoping of contemporary literature is conducted to identify and discuss the key trends, concerns and evidence that informs the current debate on the appropriate duration of nursing degrees. Findings A unique combination of emerging health care challenges and shifting health care priorities are fuelling the call to reconsider the duration of nursing degrees in Australia. Discussion Future nurses will need the capabilities to work effectively across organisational and geographical boundaries, work as partners with a well-informed public, engage with advancing technologies and work autonomously and collaboratively as equals in inter-professional teams. Conclusion The need for nurse education to produce nurse graduates with key capability for the future, gives credence to a call for a four year nursing degree in Australia.

Although there are many theories and discussion of leadership, the essential of having a new leadership paradigm was emphasized. Of the leadership paradigms, servant leadership was introduced recently and is in line with the environmental changes of the organization. The aim of this review is to understanding the relationship between servant leadership and firms’ performance, its antecedents, its concepts (definitions), how contexts of servant leadership was empirically investigated and strain to determine the relationship between servant leadership and firm’s performance, and find out moderators, and mediators. The author reviewed studies published between 2004 and 2018/19, out of which 27 published articles were drawn from 23 peer-reviewed journals. It is argued that there was no study which tries to examine the direct relationship between servant leadership and firms’ performance. A large number of studies use mediators and some few used moderators to contend with the relationship. Finally, conclusion has been done by presenting a solid research framework for future research to bring the field forward encompassing both theoretical and empirical advancement.

The following essay responds to a draft article that criticises the theory of libertarian restitution in Escape from Leviathan (EFL). The article was freely available to internet search engines. Hence, it seems fair and useful to reply to these very welcome objective criticisms. It is not intellectually relevant that its author might subsequently and subjectively have thought better of them, possibly as a result of the earlier version of this reply. Generally, the article misconstrues the position on retribution in EFL. Eventually, it makes apparent qualifications to its own position such that there does not seem to be any clear theoretical difference between the two on the central disputed issue. EFL’s position is to explain and defend only the non-normative theory of libertarian restitution: full restoration or compensation to the damaged (proactively imposed on) party. But it is argued that this can include a retributive aspect if that is what the victim prefers. Moreover, such restitution will tend to act as a deterrent that maximises both overall interpersonal liberty (theorised as no proactive impositions) and human welfare (theorised as preference satisfaction).

[enter This study aims to explore the challenges facing the perception of women entrepreneurs in Bule Hora town administration. Related to the challenges facing in the perception, attitude, and belief of women entrepreneur in-action and the potential women are segregated. The researchers used a qualitative research design related to the interpretative approach was developed. The researchers used eight interviewees who were involved in the study. The purposive sampling techniques were used to get data from the sample respondent, an interview was used. The qualitative data analysis method thematic data analysis is used. The major finding of the study shows that challenges facing the perception of women entrepreneurs in the study area are a lack of finance, working place, and training, social-cultural factors. The implication of the study will help the government to revise his policy to give a solution personal and organizational –related, legal/administration, economic, social/cultural and other factors that affect the perception of women entrepreneurs in entrepreneurial activity

This article forwards a vision for enhancing equity and educational outcomes by creating growth mindset cultures in schools and classrooms. In growth mindset classroom cultures, teachers provide a coherent meaning system for students’ mindsets, goals, beliefs, and behaviors. By normalizing and infusing growth mindset beliefs and behaviors into routine practices and interactions, these classroom cultures give students (and teachers) a shared and productive way to understand challenges, setbacks, and learning inside and outside the classroom, ultimately benefiting their longer-term academic trajectories. In describing the possibility and promise of growth mindset cultures, we focus on the role of teachers and their instructional practices in creating these cultures. We provide a framework for integrating evidence-based instructional practices and growth mindset research. Finally, we chart an ambitious research agenda describing questions the field must answer if we are to create effective growth mindset cultures that spur students’ motivation and learning in school.

Thirteen various observations on the thinking of Bruno Latour, from We Have Never Been Modern through Reassembling the Social and up to modes. Excursions into Stanley Fish, Paul Feyerabend, and Claude Levi-Strauss. Topics: religion, history, social organization, culture, mind, language, truth and felicity. Thread running throughout: Latour’s “flat ontology”, in which everything has agency, has fruitful, perhaps even substantial and revelatory, implications.

As an experienced writer, one is often asked the question "what can I publish" by younger and inexperienced colleagues who must publish. This paper will briefly review the reasons why academics publish and will then outline what kind of papers one may be able to publish with relative ease, using personal experience and citing first hand material as a practical guide. Potential authors must cultivate "a lean and hungry look" as competition from fellow writers is stiff, and editors are choosy. However, do take heart - if we, older colleagues did and can, you can too.

Let's imagine that you have just finished writing a scientific paper. The paper is well-structured and clearly written, and you are proud of it. Now is the time to submit it to a peer-reviewed journal and see what your colleagues think of it. You are now entering the peer-review publishing system, which is overseen by journal editors. Dealing with these editors is a skill that can be acquired like any other. Here is some advice on dealing with the peer-review system and with editors. This advice is based on my years of experience as an associate editor of an American Chemical Society journal. I have also submitted and revised hundreds of papers in my career and have reviewed hundreds more. (Google my name for details.) Thus, I have learned how to deal with editors from both sides.

In this paper, we analyze Nikolai Bernstein's notion of the activity of living organisms, which he introduced at the end of his career. Bernstein did not leave a systematic description of his last thoughts, but many remarks in his writing, especially in his last book [ Bernstein, 1966 ], show that he thought deeply about the biological significance of the ideas that he developed while studying motor control. He accepted that negentropy (the tendency towards probabilistic determinacy, orderliness, free energy expenditure) is a hallmark of all life processes but wrote extensively about the insufficiency of this property and searched for a more complete definition of living organisms. This definition would include the goal-directedness of development, anticipation, persistence, tendency toward autonomy, initiative, and more. Thus, this paper is an attempt to present the definition of the activity of living organisms from Bernstein's later work to English-speaking readers.

This study aims to investigate the altmetric activity of papers published by the University of Zagreb School of Medicine in internationally visible journals and to identify differences in altmetric activity between the papers published in international and local journals and between those published in English and Croatian. We also investigated changes in altmetric activity over time and the characteristics of papers with the highest Twitter and Mendeley activity. The sample included 390 papers collected from the bibliographic database Scopus. Their altmetric and citation activities were measured at three time points: in July 2014, 2015, and 2016. The findings generally correspond to those observed in the large-scale studies of medical papers. Papers in renowned journals, and papers reporting clinical guidelines and multicentric studies had the most intense altmetric activity. In contrast, papers published in local, Croatian journals showed minimal altmetric activity, especially the papers published in Croatian. These results indicate that the local publishing community has not yet recognised social media as a tool for promoting research and that non-English language publications have minimal chances to receive attention, even in social media. The evaluative potential of altmetric indicators has to be further explored in a broader context.

In the summer of 2019, The Independent Review published a symposium on classical liberalism and social justice. We give an overview and commentary on the symposium papers. Rather than adopting the term social justice, we recommend returning to the three senses of justice maintained by Adam Smith and explained by Daniel Klein (2019). We articulate and explore Smith’s tripartite understanding of justice in contrast with an understanding that gives place to the expression social justice. Smith’s tri-layered understanding is in the spirit of addressing the micro-foundations of macrophenomena, the spirit of Thomas Schelling’s Micromotives and Macrobehavior.

Digital revolution has changed people’s behavior and culture in communicating and consuming information using online media that is why the existence of printed media in local language is increasingly displaced and threatened with extinction. The number of magazine in local language published is dwindled as they are not able to compete against magazines in Indonesian language. This is also supported by the breakdown of regeneration of printed media readers shifting to digital media. The dominance of Indonesian language as national language over local language used for speaking and the lack of local language development as local content in the school curriculum shows that the literacy level of millennial generation is low on Penginyongan language in Barlingmascakep area (Banjarnegara, Purbalingga, Banyumas, Cilacap and Kebumen). Ancas magazine becomes vernacular press and local wisdom based printed media providing educative, persuasive and recreational information. The use of gadget or electronic device connected to internet network can be used to improve the culture of Penginyongan literacy on millennial generation in digital era. Based on the problems above, the research question in this research was how the implementation of e-paper magazine of Ancas Banyumasan improved the culture of Penginyongan language literacy in millennial era. The objective of this research was to maintain the existence of local magazine of Ancas Banyumasan in the development of digital based information technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) era and then it can be awareness media in maintaining and preserving local culture value of Banyumasan.

In this article, I explore conceptual connections between spirituality and business, and I advocate for the concept of business spirituality. I explain why the spiritual triad of love, communion, and gift is deeply related to the business triad of abundance, interaction, and resources. I also make clear why individual and collective intentions and cultural values are the main channels of interaction between business and spirituality. In the second part of the article, I argue that business evolves through spiritualization, among other ways: a) receiving meaning and purpose to business organizations; b) supporting its dematerialization; c) helping it overcome the dualism of the market; d) promoting cohesion; e) stimulating innovation; f) endorsing nonprofit institutions; g) inspiring Social Corporate Responsibility; h) encouraging spiritual leadership; i) illuminating the workplace; j) fostering respect for ethics, and k) helping it understand diversity.

This is supplementary material to the article ‘Young British adults’ homeownership circumstances and the role of intergenerational transfer’ in Longitudinal and Life Course Studies (DOI: 10.1332/175795920X15846933259695). This material contains additional information on the context and development of the British housing market. It also provides further descriptive statistics on intergenerational transfers, variable specification in modelling and predicted probabilities to help aide interpretation of the results for a wider social science audience.

Review papers provide a foundation for knowledge development in information systems (IS) as well as in any other scientific discipline. While some of the prominent reviews in information systems are cited more than twice a day on average, others take years to accumulate single digit citations. The magnitude of these differences and the proliferation of review papers in recent years prompt us to empirically analyze what distinguishes those reviews that have proven to be integral to scientific progress from those that might not be considered impactful. Our results demonstrate that the attributes explaining scientific impact are unique for the different types of reviews: reviews for describing, understanding, explaining, and theory testing. Transparency of the applied methodology is important for reviews that target theory testing, understanding, or explaining; similarly, reviews for describing, understanding or explaining achieve a higher impact when they develop a research agenda. By providing nuanced insights into the attributes of review papers that are valued by subsequent research, our study contributes to the vibrant discourse on literature reviews in IS. We thereby inform the different stakeholders involved in the development and publication of review papers in the IS field.

The author undertakes a review of important papers with regard to the concept of individual resilience. The author presents a review of important issues with regard to resilience, factors that contribute towards life challenges, threats, and resilience. The author also reviews papers with regard to how to improve resilience. Various researches have been reviewed.

It may sound silly that we are aiming to “teach” an academic writer how to write. After all, it is practically part of the definition for academics to be highly educated, intelligent people, and we simply can’t argue with that point. Research writers and individuals who pursue scholarship do tend to be have credentials that writing alone cannot provide. However, scholarly writers in particular are subject to bad writing habits. The content is king, but the form suffers to the point that the content is difficult or impossible to understand. There is a difference between writing something that is important and something that can instill value in the readers. We are under the impression that research and other scholarly writings should achieve both of those goals. Researchers know their subject matter at an expert level. This ebook will help you communicate that expertise in the most effective way possible. We are here to help you achieve your writing goals and combat critics with your best paper yet! Recommended companion paper Research Sharing Strategy Guide

The need for genre literacy is increasingly becoming evident in academic writing courses, particularly in the realm of research article (RA) writing. This paper documents RA genre-literacy informed revisions English as an Additional Language (EAL) graduate students applied to improve their term-paper assignments in the form of RAs following their participation in a series of genre-based research paper writing workshops in Applied Linguistics. Drawing upon insights from the revision strategy frameworks of Allal and Chanquoy (2003) and Willey and Tanimoto (2012), we developed a six-category taxonomy consisting of addition, deletion, reformulation, substitution, translocation, and expansion genre-based revision strategies. Using the prevailing genre-based frameworks, we compared the earlier and revised drafts of twelve RAs composed by Iranian graduate students to account for the strategies they employed to redraft each section of papers in terms of move-step realization. This study found that expansion, reformulation, and addition were the most commonly used genre-based revision strategies. In addition, the findings revealed that moves in introduction and discussion sections included the highest number of genre-based revisions. Through introducing genre-oriented RA revision strategies, this study calls for further attempts to promote the integration of genre literacy into English for Research Publication Purposes courses.

Since the early eighties, numerous experiments have been conducted in order to answer the following question: How does reading on paper differ from reading on screen? Our article presents a brief review of comparative studies in this field of research. We then look at reading models in L1 and L2, and posit that digitally displayed language actually provides a rich source of comprehensible input, and that foreign language readers can benefit from digital presentation of texts, in particular by way of eBook readers. We also highlight the inevitable and profound impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) on the reading brain and, as digital literacy is fast becoming the norm in today’s modern society, we draw attention to the pedagogical implication for foreign language teaching and learning.

In this Working Paper containing excerpts of my Upcoming books I critique the economic growth theory of Robert Solow and I newly introduce my simple production function where income is a function of demand and state the application of differential equations to the calculation of economic growth. In these excerpts I also demonstrate econometric model building and calculation of probability with my own examples of coin tossing and dice rolling.

This is a call for papers that should contribute to the unification of behavioral sciences and team management, focusing on the biological origin of cooperation and swarm intelligence, moving from biology to psychology and from sociology to political science, with the help of the theoretical tools of complex networks. This issue should shed light into the origin of ergodicity breaking and contribute to establishing a connection, still lacking theoretical support, between complexity properties that are expected to be correlated. Examples are: non-Poisson renewal events and multi-fractality; complexity matching and chaos synchronization; criticality and extended criticality of small size systems. Although the emphasis is on systems of small size, and especially on the search of the size maximizing both information transport and cooperation emergence, special attention will be devoted to the interaction between small groups and their larger societies.

This paper studies the legal effects of land allocation papers in today's land administration system by focusing on stool lands in Kumasi. Using key informant interviews and review of relevant land legislations, court proceedings and seminar papers, we found out that, land allocation papers in their current form and substance are incapable of conveying title to purported grantees, but may only serve as evidence that an individual or corporate body has purportedly acquired land. The allocation paper is only a step towards acquiring full legal rights over land under customary tenure. This study recommends that grantees of stool lands should make every effort towards completing the other legally required processes such as formalisation and registration of the transaction at the Lands Commission for valid legal title. It is further recommended that preparation of allocation papers by chiefs should be enhanced by incorporating terms of the grant, identities of the transaction parties, consideration and proper description of the land. These enhancements will facilitate the formalisation and registration process, and potentially reduce the cost and time of registering land in Ghana. Particularly, it will challenge state institutions and land administrators to introduce stringent measures or security features that would make land title registrations using allocation papers legally binding.

Heightened volatility, uncertainty and short term reward seeking dominated the global climate for more than a decade. Hubris and fear fed tensions in multiple domains: be it political, financial or social…etc. We were propelled to find solutions for our woes, hence we devoted ourselves to technological advancements and praised ‘computational rational thinking’. Yet such devotion only highlighted the widening gaps in our reasoning, and showed us what it means to be human. When computers are able to utilise their neural networks, we differentiate ourselves by the power of creativity and emotional intelligence. We will argue that the epitome of such power is present in the Arts and in the spaces it occupies. Leapfrogging societies are the one who are reflective enough to adapt to change and solve problems creatively. Thus, the notion of ‘Capital’ must adopt a more comprehensive definition. Our bold claim in this essay is the following: only the deployment of capital involving the Arts becomes transformational.

The author presents a review of the concept of smart city and happy city in the Indian context. The author presents the significant characteristics of a happy city.

Three of the most influential scientific works in the risk field, at least in the engineering environment, are Stan Kaplan and John Garrick's paper from 1981 on risk quantification, George Apostolakis’ paper on probability from 1990, and Elisabeth Pate-Cornell's paper on uncertainty levels in risk assessments from 1996. The present article reviews and discusses these works, the aim being to acknowledge their important contributions to risk science and provide insights on how these works have influenced and relate to the state-of-the-art of the risk science of today. It is questioned to what extent these papers still represent state-of-the-art. Recent documents by the Society for Risk Analysis are used as a reference for comparison, in addition to related publications in scientific journals.

A legal mapping paper (sometimes called a “50 state survey”) reports the results of research to identify the key provisions of law on a particular issue, identifies patterns in the nature and distribution of laws, and defines important questions for evaluation research, legal analysis and policy development. The 50-state survey has a long history in public health law, but scientific legal mapping papers now set the standard for legal mapping work. This paper, aimed particularly at students of law and/or health policy evaluation, describes the standard elements of a mapping paper following the conventions of writing in the health and social sciences. It assumes the reader has collected and coded legal text into data according to accepted methods. A scientific legal mapping paper reporting these results should be concise, typically between 1200-3000 words of primary text. It should be organized into conventional sections, including Background, Methods, Results, Discussion, Limitations, and Conclusion, as specified by the target journal. It should be written in an objective tone, with opinion or commentary confined to the Discussion section. The paper includes illustrations from published mapping studies and a checklist of elements.

How the general public in Norway conceives being an older adult and the meaning of chronological age has changed over the last few decades. As narratives of aging may be identified in the Norwegian mass media and in the population at large, dominant narratives may also be identified in policy documents, such as government health policy papers. This article explores a narrative analytical framework based on stories, subtexts, and counterstories; it argues that such narratives are characterized as much by what is unsaid as by what is said, and as much by choice of words and word combinations as by explicit messages. Culture strongly influences the conception of a likely future (what will be) and an envisioned future (what ought to be) regarding aging and geriatric care in Norway, as expressed in the public policy papers. The public policy story is discussed as both a story continuously developing, where later health policy papers relate to and comment on earlier documents, and as a story characterized by a measure of cultural incoherence. Some recent government documents dealing with professional geriatric care will serve as material for a narrative analysis.

Since 2004, the Active Living Research (ALR) Conference has focused on advancing knowledge and practice related to the creation of communities that increase opportunities for physical activity. Communities designed for active living are better for health, economic vitality, and environmental sustainability. The Annual ALR Conference serves as a premier venue for cross-disciplinary learning, as over 30 disciplines are represented among participants. This commentary serves as an introduction to a virtual Special Section of Journal of Transport and Health that includes several of the best transport-related studies that were presented at ALR 2017. The theme of the 2017 ALR Conference, Active Living across the Life Span, placed emphasis on the importance of promoting physical activity from childhood through mature adulthood and offered solutions for achieving this goal. The theme challenged attendees to consider the myriad needs across age cohorts and the ways that community design, policies, and programs affect opportunities for active living. The conference highlighted the importance of policy-relevant research and facilitated cross-sector exchange among scientists, practitioners, and policymakers to create and sustain active living environments where residents can grow, live, and thrive at any age. Jana Lyncott from the AARP Public Policy Institute delivered the Keynote Address on creating environments for active and engaged living for all ages. The presentation provided examples from communities across the United States that are promoting livability and fostering healthy, active, and engaged lifestyles. The presentation highlighted AARP's Livability Index, which scores neighborhoods and communities for the services and amenities that have a significant impact on residents. The featured panel included Drs. Adrian Bauman, NiCole Keith, and David Bann and focused on the challenges of integrating equity perspectives in research on active living across the lifespan. Dr. Bauman, from Australia, shared lessons from his research on middle-age-to-older adults and his international collaborations. Dr. Keith, from the United States, described the effort to ensure disadvantaged populations were given high priority in developing the multi-sector strategies of the US National Physical Activity Plan. Dr. Bann, from the UK, presented findings on active living across the lifespan from a large, long-term birth cohort study. The second panel featured Deputy Commissioner Adetokunbo 'Toks' Omishakin, (Tennessee Department of Transportation), Councillor Kristyn Wong-Tam (City of Toronto, Canada), and Otis Johnson (Former Mayor of Savannah, Georgia) and provided local and state examples of active transportation and lessons learned. A clear takeaway from the keynote and panelists was the need to integrate and apply life-course research and practice/policy lessons learned to most effectively create activity-supportive cities. The concept of active living includes physical activity for all purposes, including transport, recreation, occupation, and household. Active transport continues to be a dominant theme at ALR Conferences, and the link between transport and health outcomes is rising on research and policy agendas internationally, as shown by extensive coverage in Journal of Transport and Health and the 2016 Lancet Series on Urban Design, Transport, and Health. In the Lancet Series, Giles-Corti and colleagues (2016) reviewed a wide range of physical, mental, and social health problems linked with motorized transport. Stevenson and colleagues (2016) reported models that revealed a shift of just 10% of motorized trips to active modes could produce important reductions in mortality in cities as diverse as Copenhagen and Delhi. Thus, as co-chairs of the ALR 2017 Conference we want to thank Dr. Jennifer Mindell, Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Transport and Health, for facilitating this virtual special section of papers that will further advance evidence on active transport and health.

This article contributes to the rethinking of failure within the neoliberal university, particularly in relation to ethnography. It is grounded in the ethnographic setting of a boxing club and focuses on one unusual dynamic of which I was aware during the research, but for which I could not – and still cannot – account for in theoretical terms. One or more members of the boxing club recurrently stole the toilet roll, and I have no idea why. This, however, also reflects a broader trend within the ethnographic genre: whilst toilets are used for cover by researchers, they are a space where the ethnographer's gaze fails. In turn, this reflects the social construction of defecation as moral failure. Similarly, failure - whilst routine - is individualised within the neoliberal academy. Accounting for dead ends and unknowns within research thereby becomes risky, and this actively discourages recognition of the complexities of life within ethnography. Writing ethnography which actively incorporates failures and unknowns would promote vitalism and would resist a neoliberal articulation of success.