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This paper presents an analysis of the temporal and spatial variation of PM2.5 pollution in Henan Province in 2021, based on monitoring and meteorological data. The findings indicate that areas with high concentrations of PM2.5 are primarily distributed in the central and northern parts of Henan Province, while areas with low values are primarily distributed in the southeast part of Henan Province. In winter, PM2.5 concentrations are high in the southwest and east-central parts, and lower in the southeast and northwest. The seasonal variation of PM2.5 concentration is low in summer and high in spring and winter. The monthly average of PM2.5 concentration exhibits a U-shaped pattern, with low values in the summer and higher values in the winter. The difference between workday and weekend PM2.5 concentrations is minor, and the daily average presents a pulse-type fluctuation. Peak PM2.5 concentrations occur in the morning in all seasons, while in winter the peak time is significantly postponed compared to other seasons. The most polluted cities distributed in northeastern Henan Province form a high-high agglomeration, and the cities located in northwestern Henan Province form a low-low agglomeration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on panel data of 285 Chinese cities from 2005 to 2020, this paper uses a set of regional economic analysis tools to explore the spatial and temporal characteristics of urban industrial pollution and its drivers. The results of the research show that the Urban Industrial Pollution Index (UIPI) has shown a significant downward trend overall. However, high levels of industrial pollution are found in the areas where the four major industrial bases are located. The overall development gap of the UIPI shows a fluctuating upward trend. In terms of the contribution of development differences, supervisory density is the highest, followed by intra-regional differences, and inter-regional differences are the lowest. The UIPI has a strong spatial dependence, with a concentration in Henan Province. It is spatially distributed in a “northeast-southwest” direction, with a tendency of diffusion and transfer to surrounding cities. Urban industrial pollution is significantly suppressed by human capital, capital stock, technological innovation and economic agglomeration. Human capital and economic agglomeration can suppress industrial pollution in surrounding cities through spatial spillovers. In addition, a number of influencing factors have a heterogeneous impact on urban industrial pollution across regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evaluation of drinking water source security in the area of large-scale urbanization is conducive to maintaining urban security and human health. A comprehensive quantitative evaluation method has been established based on TOPSIS. Twelve indicators from three aspects, water quantity, water quality, risk warning and emergency response capability, are included in the evaluation index system. The weight of these indicators are calculated by AHP. TOPSIS is used to obtain the security index in different periods, and GIS method is used to draw the spatial distribution map of security grade. The evaluation method is applied to the security evaluation of urban drinking water sources in Henan Province, China. The results show that the overall safety of drinking water sources has improved, but it is still at the "basic safety" level. The security level of each city is closely related to watershed characteristics, water resources allocation and industrial layout. The paper puts forward some suggestions to enhance the safety of urban drinking water source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uneven green space distribution may lead to environmental injustice. This study includes three Chinese towns to explore quantitative method of uniform distribution of urban green space in combination with Gini Coefficient theory. Three quantitative indices have been used to analyze green space planning distribution pattern. The indices reveal horizontal and vertical distribution patterns of green space in these three towns. Distribution pattern of green space composite structure of Hezhuang town is very uneven, distribution pattern of the green space composite structure of Xuedian town is reasonably even, and distribution pattern of the green space composite structure of Lihe town is absolutely even. Based on a contrastive analysis, four conclusions and one recommendation have been drawn. This paper improves the understanding of factors influencing the distribution patterns of town green spaces by providing a basis for judgment of urban environmental equity and a reference for more equitable green space planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the ecotourism suitability of Henan province based on the ecotourism suitability evaluation system. And our research clarifies the spatial distribution of the ecotourism suitability in Henan province, China, explores the internal relations between landscape pattern and ecotourism suitability, and provides a scientific basis for the future sustainable development of ecotourism in Henan from an ecological perspective. The results show the following: 1) the ecotourism suitability is obvious differences between the eastern and western regions in Henan, with the indexes of ecotourism suitability in the western and southern regions being higher than those in other regions. The ecotourism suitability shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in Henan, with the highest value in 2007; 2) the Pearson correlation analysis shows that the key landscape pattern factors, including landscape patch area, shape, number, type, and spatial configuration, have an important impact on ecotourism suitability and show significant time differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper was to analyze the status quo of energy consumption in rural Henan and identify the driving forces governing energy consumption based on the STIRPAT model. Potential driven factors of energy consumption including power of agricultural machinery, effective irrigated area, investment, income, total value, and per capital living space were selected to build the extended stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) model, where ridge regression was applied to eliminate multicollinearity. The estimation results show that all the factors are positively related to rural energy consumption in Henan. The effective irrigated area is the maximal driven factor of energy consumption in rural Henan. Per capital living space, peasant household investment, power of agricultural machinery, total value of agricultural output, and per capita income all contribute to rural energy consumption growth in Henan. Finally, we propose policies that can be applied to mitigate future energy consumption in rural Henan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]