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Air pollution in developing countries has recently become a serious environmental problem, which needs more active air quality monitoring and analyses. To assess air quality characteristics over the city of Baghdad. temporal variations in CO, NO, NO2, NOX, O3, SO2 and PM10 Concentrations measured between May-December 2010 (245 days), at period from 8:00-16:00 daily hour from location called ALJadriyah station (44.1E -33.3N, 38.5m above sea level). From diurnal variability of these concentration, we see high daily values of CO and CH4 3.25, 1.9 PPM at November while NOX record 0.23 PPM at December that consider as highest daily value. While other pollutant concentration don't have large variation have 0.14-0.18 PPM. Particular matter at 10um (PM10) have 1.6g/m3 at 21/7/2010. At winter season and specifically at December month, there is good relation between the hourly concentration of PM10 and other chemical pollutant concentration such as CO,SO2, NO, NOX this can be putting by correlation coefficient r =0.7-0.5. The monthly mean concentration of pollutant CO, NOX, CH4, NO, NO2 recorded high value at August Month. While O3 have large mean concentration in November, while PM10 have large monthly mean concentration at June and July months where there is most frequent dust-storm events. High concentration and its frequency distribution shifts towards large values concentrated at summer seasons June, July, Aug. about 0.25-1.25 PPM and have frequency percent about 82.6%. In winter the frequency distribution shifts towards large values of O3 even above 61.2% in range 0.085- 0.105 PPM. Regarding the frequency distribution of SO2 all season where shifts towards lower except spring (May) 88.2% at range concentration 0.025-0.125 PPM. Nitrate oxide have different concentration an frequency at several season but NOX have large frequency at summer, other pollutant concentration CH4 and PM10 have high concentration frequency at this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is affecting human indoor thermal comfort. Human habitat roof's thermal insulation capacity may play key role in reducing the discomfort resulting from climate change. In the present study, six roof materials are analyzed for their thermal insulation capacity: aluminum-iron (Al-Fe) sheet, Al-Fe sheet with outer face white painted, Al-Fe sheet with various straw thick, white tile, red tile and gray tile. Solar radiations, ambient temperature, wind speed, roof inner and indoor temperatures were daily measured during April and June. Measured roof inner wall temperatures for each type of material agreed with the model set forth. The indoor temperature showed, under the same atmospheric conditions, Al-Fe sheet at a maximum of 51.4°C ; Al-Fe sheet with outer face white paint at 40.3°C; Al-Fe sheet with 3cm thick of straw at 41.2°C; and Al-Fe with 6cm thick of straw at 36.8°C, making the latter the better roof at day time. For the inner wall temperatures of the roof without ceilings, Al-Fe sheet has a maximum at 73°C; Al-Fe sheet with outer wall white paint at 48.1°C; Al-Fe sheet with 3cm straw thick at 45.2°C; and Al-Fe with 6cm straw thick at 37.9°C, red tile at 51.3°C; white tile at 41.6°C and grey tile at 51.6°C. This study enlightens the change that can be made on the traditional roof to improve indoor thermal comfort in changing climate conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]