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1. A creative prototype illustrating the ambient user experience of an intelligent future factory

Author

Petri Mannonen, Hannu Paunonen, Eija Kaasinen, Maiju Aikala, Tiina Kymäläinen, Lauri Lehtikunnas, Jouni Ruotsalainen, Tomi Heimonen, Jaakko Hakulinen, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Tampere University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Computer Science, KCL Paper Science Centre, R and D Valmet Automation Inc., Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Viestintätieteiden tiedekunta - Faculty of Communication Sciences, and University of Tampere

Subjects
Industry 4.0, Computer science, prototyping process, 02 engineering and technology, prototypointi, käyttäjäkeskeinen suunnittelu, älykkäät ympäristöt, user experience research, User experience design, surveys, ambient intelligence, Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Tietojenkäsittely ja informaatiotieteet - Computer and information sciences, technological trends, 050107 human factors, Ambient intelligence, factories of the futures, business.industry, user-centered design (UCD), science fiction prototyping (SFP), 05 social sciences, process control work, Industrial research, user experience design, science fictions, human computer interaction, Factory (object-oriented programming), user centered design UCD, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, industrial research, tehdasvalvomot, käyttäjäkokemus, business, (ambient) user experience (UX) design, Sähkö-, automaatio- ja tietoliikennetekniikka, elektroniikka - Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Software
Abstract

This article introduces user experience research that has been carried out by evaluating a video-illustrated science fiction prototype with process control workers. Essentially, the prototype 'A remote operator's day in a future control center in 2025' was aimed at discovering opportunities for new interaction methods and ambient intelligence for the factories of the future. The theoretical objective was to carry out experience design research, which was based on explicit ambient user experience goals in the nominated industrial work context. This article describes the complete creative prototyping process, starting from the initial user research that included evaluations of current work practices, technological trend studies and co-design workshops, and concluding with user research that assessed the final design outcome, the science fiction prototype. The main contribution of the article is on the ambient user experience goals, the creation process of the video-illustrated science fiction prototype, and on the reflection of how the experience-driven prototype was evaluated in two research setups: as video sequences embedded in a Web survey, and as interviews carried out with expert process control workers. For the science fiction prototyping process, the contribution demonstrates how the method may employ video-illustration as a means for future-oriented user experience research, and how complementary user-centered methods may be used to validate the results.

Published
2017

2. Removing lignin model pollutants with BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 compound as an efficient visible-light-heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst.

Author

An J, Zhang G, Zheng R, and Wang P

Subjects
Absorption, Physicochemical, Bismuth chemistry, Catalysis, Ferric Compounds chemistry, Light, Lignin analysis, Nitriles chemistry, Photolysis, Lignin chemistry, Models, Chemical, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry
Abstract

BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 nanoscaled composite was prepared with a hydrothermal method and evaluated as a highly efficient photo-Fenton like catalyst under visible light irradiation. The BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 composite exhibited much stronger adsorption ability to lignin model pollutant (guaiacol) than that of BiFeO 3 , which may be due to the higher specific surface area (BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 : 35.59m 2 /g>BiFeO 3 : 7.42m 2 /g) and the adsorption form of π-π stack between g-C 3 N 4 and guaiacol. The composite exhibited excellent visible light-Fenton like catalysis activity, being influenced by the solution pH value and the proportions of BiFeO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets. Under optimal conditions with visible light irradiation, the BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 composite yielded fast degradation of guaiacol with an apparent rate constant of 0.0452min -1 , which were 5.21 and 6.80 folds of that achieved by using BiFeO 3 and the mixture of BiFeO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets, respectively. The significantly enhanced visible light-Fenton like catalytic properties of the BiFeO 3 -g-C 3 N 4 composite in comparison with that of BiFeO 3 was attributed to a large surface area, much increased adsorption capacity and the semiconductor coupling effect between BiFeO 3 and g-C 3 N 4 in the composite., (Copyright © 2016. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2016
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3. Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic Bacillus shackletonii K5 from a biotrickling filter for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate.

Author

Liu Y, Huang S, Zhang Y, and Xu F

Subjects
Bacillus genetics, Bacillus isolation & purification, Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Genes, Bacterial, Hot Temperature, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics, Bacillus metabolism, Hydroxybutyrates metabolism
Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are aliphatic polyesters accumulated intracellularly by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. However, compared to the PHAs of Gram-negative bacteria, few endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, LPS), which would be co-purified with PHAs and cause immunogenic reactions, are found in the PHAs produced by Gram-positive bacteria. A thermophilic Gram-positive bacterium K5, which exhibited good growth and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-accumulating ability, has been isolated and characterized from a biotrickling filter designed for the removal of NOx from flue gas in a coal-fired power plant in China. Based on the biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequence (Genbank accession no. JX437933), the strain K5 has been identified as Bacillus shackletonii, which has rarely been reported in the literature, and this report is the first time that B. shackletonii has been found to accumulate PHB. The strain K5 was able to utilize glucose as carbon source to synthesize PHB at a broad range of temperatures (from 35 to 50°C), and the ideal temperature was 45°C. The strain K5 could effectively yield PHB of up to 69.9% of its cell dry weight (CDW) (2.28 g/L) in flask experiments employing glucose as carbon source at 45°C, followed by 56.8% and 52.3% of its CDW when using sodium succinate and glycerol as carbon source, respectively. For batch cultivation, the strain K5 was able to produce PHB of up to 72.6% of its cell dry weight (9.76 g/L) employing glucose as carbon source at 45°C and pH7.0., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Published
2014
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