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An experiment was conducted at the Research Farm of the Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan during the winter season of 2018-19 with the objective to evaluate weed dynamics, growth, and productivity of wheat crop under stale seedbed. This experiment was held under RCBD with three replications. The study consisted of eight treatments viz: T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 711 a.i mL ha-1, T3: stale seedbed + paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mL ha-1, T4: stale seedbed + atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i g ha-1, T5: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 356 a.i mL ha-1 + paraquat @ 247 a.i mL ha-1, T6: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 356 a.i mL ha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i g ha-1, T7: stale seedbed + paraquat @ 247 a.i mL ha-1 + atlantis @ 7.5 a.i g ha-1, T8: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 237 a.i mL ha-1 + paraquat @ 165 a.i mL ha-1+ atlantis @ 5 a.i g ha-1. The highest WCE (84%), HEI (13.01), Pn (13.83 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and gs (234.33 mmol m-2 s-1) was recorded in plots treated with glyphosate + paraquat + atlantis. The highest NAR (3.60 gm-2day-1), LAI (4.82), GCR (7.87 gm-2day-1), LAD (186.43 days) was recorded in the treatment Stale seedbed + glyphosate + paraquat + atlantis. This treatment depicted the highest productive tillers m-2 (246.33), grains spike-1 (53.67), 100-grains weight (31.88 g), and grain yield 40% (4.65 Tons ha-1) in comparison with the no herbicide treated plots. From this study, it is concluded that using the stale seedbed, pre- and post-emergence herbicides in reduced doses can restrict weeds growth till 40 DAS to maximize wheat productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to evaluate outcomes of vascularized fibula flap used for Avascular necrosis of femoral head. Outcomes were recorded by post-operative Harris hip and radiological improvement of the femoral head. Study Design: Retrospective longitudinal study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Plastic Surgery, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan 2019 to Jan 2020. Methodology: Cases were recruited from 2005-2018 (SIH) performed by the same Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgeon. Data from 30 patients was reviewed. Ethical approval and consent of the patient were taken before the utilization of their data. Results: A total of 30 patients were included, comprising 27(90%) males and 3(10%) females. The mean age was 28.3± years. Pre-operative Harris Hip scores were fair in 17(56.7%) and poor in 13(43.3%) patients. Post operatively these scores improved and were noted to be excellent in 10(33.3%), good in 18(60%) and fair in 2(6,7%) patients. Radiological improvement was seen in 20(80%) patients, 8(23.3%) showed no change and 2(6.7%) went into progression. The radiological improvement was significantly associated with aetiology (p=0.004) and Avascular necrosis of HIP (p=0.007). Conclusion: A vascularized fibular graft is an effective treatment option for avascular necrosis of the femoral head in terms of improved radiological outcomes and post-operative Harris Hip scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]