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People with dementia are excluded from research due to methodological challenges, stigma, and discrimination. Including perspectives of people with dementia across a spectrum of abilities is essential to understanding their perspectives and experiences. Engaging people living with dementia in qualitative research can require adaptation of methods. Qualitative research is typically considered when researchers seek to understand the perspectives, lived experiences, or opinions of individuals' social reality. This scoping review explores current use of adapted methods with people with dementia in qualitative research, including methods used and impacts on the engagement as it relates to meeting accessibility needs. This review considered rationales for adaptations provided by authors, particularly whether authors identified a human rights or justice rationale for adapting methods to promote accessibility and engagement. This review began with a search of primary studies using qualitative research methods published in English in OECD countries from 2017 to 2022. Two reviewers screened titles and abstracts for inclusion. Full texts were reviewed, and data from included studies were extracted using a pre-determined chart. Content analysis of rationales was conducted and reviewed by all authors. Studies were assessed for findings related to impacts of adapted methods. Twenty-eight studies met inclusion criteria. Adaptations to qualitative research methods ranged from minor changes, such as maintaining a familiar interviewer, to more extensive novel methods such as photo-elicitation techniques. Twenty-seven studies provided a rationale for adapting their methods. No studies assessed impacts of their methodology on engagement or accessibility. Five studies observed that their methodology supported engagement. This review helps understand the breadth of adaptations that researchers have made to qualitative research methods to include people with dementia in research. Research is needed to explore adaptations and their impact on engagement of persons with dementia with a range of abilities and backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qualitative research is an increasingly popular research approach for tackling the evolving complexity of social issues. With this rise in use, methods of qualitative data collection are becoming highly diverse, moving away from conventional approaches and welcoming more innovative and creative methods of data collection in a quest to produce critically and theoretically engaged new knowledge. Although traditional face-to-face interviews remain a compelling and popular means, modern innovative technology-based interviewing, such as videoconference interviews, can play a pivotal role in qualitative research. This article argues that this approach is pragmatic because video conferencing interviews are relatively affordable for research teams and, for many research participants, they are more accessible than face-to-face interviews. On the other hand, it provides a unique opportunity for researchers and participants by compressing the time-space divide, facilitating safety, reducing travel-related expenses, accessing transnational participants, maintaining social distance, and protecting personal space and privacy. Yet, this article also argues that videoconferencing can be dogged by practical challenges that might conflict with the holistic quality of qualitative research, such as dropped calls and loss of intimacy compared to traditional in-person interviews. This article presents the experiences of a young researcher, who reflects on how and why he conducted Skype interviews in his research. The article concludes that, despite the relative merits and demerits, videoconference interviews can be a useful supplement or replacement for traditional face-to-face interviews. However, more research is needed to gain a robust understanding of how this type of interview meets basic assumptions about the quality of interviews and affects the overall rigor of qualitative research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although social constructionism (SC) and Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA) are well established constructionist analytical methods, this article propose that Foucauldian discourse analysis is more useful for qualitative data analysis as it examines social legitimacy. While the SC is able to illuminate how the "meaning" of our social action is constructed through our everyday interaction in socio-cultural and political contexts, questions emerge that are beyond the scope of the SC. These questions are concerned with understanding how the construction of "meaning" is connected to the power imbalance in our society, as well as how a particular version of reality comes to us as truth, having excluded other versions. Moreover, SC does not distinguish between successful and unsuccessful/marginalized claims. This article reflects on how using FDA addresses weaknesses in SC when used in qualitative data analysis, using specific examples from different literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scoping review identified what kinds of work disability policy issues are critiqued in articles published in countries with cause-based versus comprehensive welfare systems. Drawing on a review of work disability policy research, we identified 74 English-language, peer-reviewed articles that focused on program adequacy and design. Articles on cause-based systems dwelled on system fairness and policies of proof of entitlement, while those on comprehensive systems focused more on system design complexities relating to worker inclusion and scope of medical certificates. Overall, we observed a clear difference in the nature of problems examined in the different systems. Gaps in work disability policy literature are identified, and challenges for comparative policy research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]