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Results of eleven survey rounds of arable soils performed from 1964 to 2022 in the southwestern part of the central chernozemic region in Belgorod oblast are analyzed. Ordinary chernozems predominate in the steppe zone of the region, and typical and leached chernozems predominate in the forest-steppe zone. During the eleventh survey round (2019–2022), the average application of mineral fertilizers was 114.4 kg a.i./ha; of organic fertilizers, 9.6 t/ha; the rate of liming of acid soils was 43 800 ha per year. As a result, the average yield of winter wheat increased to 5.09 t/ha, sugar beet up to 45.6 t/ha, and corn for grain up to 7.15 t/ha. At the same time, the maximum value of the weighted average content of organic matter (5.3%) was recorded in the soils of cropland for the entire observation period. The part of acid soils decreased to 28.6%, and the part of moderately acid soils decreased to 3.0%. The hydrolytic acidity decreased to 2.7 cmol(c)/kg. The weighted average content of available phosphorus (139 mg/kg) and potassium (161 mg/kg) was the highest in the central chernozemic region. Soils with the low content of available sulfur comprised 85.7% of surveyed soils, those with the low content of zinc, 97.2%; copper, 92.5%; cobalt, 98.8%, manganese, 40.1%; and molybdenum, 21.3%. In terms of the content of available boron, 98.2% of soils were classified as very rich. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]