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As the world adopts the technological era, the adverse effects of climate change have been experienced by the increasing population, which has led to a rise in energy demand. Heavy industries depend on dirty fossil fuels that release GHG emissions into the atmosphere. This paper aims to review the integration of a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system (NRHES) to produce green hydrogen in decarbonizing hard-to-abate industries in the ASEAN region. In this study, the two main hydrogen production methods were identified, including thermochemical and electrolytic processes. The available renewable energy sources in ASEAN countries, such as solar, hydropower, biomass, geothermal, and wind, were also determined to evaluate the possible routes for coupling with nuclear power. Thus, considering the zero-emissions and baseload electricity from nuclear energy, integrating this with renewables in the region can accommodate their intermittent characteristics and supply the minimum electricity demand. This article suggests that as the region is rich in agriculture, nuclear-biomass is the most viable combination of energy sources to overcome different global issues. Furthermore, the prospects of hydrogen and its potential for industrial applications--mainly in transportation, manufacturing, chemical plants, and refineries--were presented in this analysis. This review determined the economic, technical, and societal impacts and policy frameworks of implementing NRHES for green hydrogen production to examine the possible challenges faced by Southeast Asia. Therefore, these challenges and gaps enable further exploration of the integration of NRHES to produce hydrogen as an alternative energy source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The permanent and irreversible effects of changes in the face of the Earth that modern architecture should respond to, are discernible. What distinguishes the ideology of sustainable architecture is highlighting the meaning of the relationship between man and the environment. Due to their activity, people have not only a visible impact on the nature of the landscape, but also on climate change, disturbances in the functioning of flora and fauna, and even deterioration of the health of the population. Ecological, economic and social aspects are now equivalent in importance to the functionality and aesthetics of objects. The aim of the research work is to present the problem of sustainable architecture and outline the possibilities of using sustainable design as a method of work aimed at protecting natural resources through the use of renewable energy sources and improving the comfort of life, understood as a human well-being and the quality of use of the building. The overriding aim of the present paper is to draw attention to the conditions concerning the specific location of the building, both environmental and cultural referring to regional and social traditions. Particular attention was paid to the subject of pro-ecological innovation of the project in which the author of this paper sees the future of architecture. It concerns the use of raw materials and materials in a new and environmentally neutral manner as well as the application of regional priorities. The principles of balanced architecture methodology have been described and implemented on the example of the design process of a model object: an educational building in the Marszewo Forest Botanical Garden in Gdynia, Poland, which has the author of this paper as one of its creators. The paper poses a question of how we should nowadays discuss the role of architecture in human life with reference to creating a friendly environment, respecting nature and its properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of a "passive House" has been introduced for the first time in Germany, subsequently being extended and at higher latitudes and different features climatic from those of Germany, in the south, west and south-west of Europe. Passive building has been defined by Wolfgang Feist, Passivhaus Institut, as being the building that demand for heating must not be more than 15 kWh/m2 year, and total consumption of primary energy should not be more than 120 kWh/m2 year. In this paper we strive to study at the concept of 'passive house' in the Russia. Using the Passive House Planning Package (PHPP) software 2007 calculate the heating requirements for such a House, depending on the latitude and climate conditions in the locality. For the study were selected 7 cities from Russia placed to different latitudes and climatic areas. To determine the possibility of implementing the concept "passive House" must be determined: required heating, cooling demand and primary energy demand. In order to implement this concept should not exceed maximum limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, the rise in energy demands for industries and households all over the world has caught the attention of environmentalists. Higher energy demands calls for more energy sources, yet majority of the energy sources have an immense effect on the environment and atmosphere. Today, smart cities are the model for future city planning and urban development by integrating information communication technology (ICT) solutions as well as energy conservation and climate change combating mechanisms where with the underlying technology known as internet of things (IOT). This research proposes Virtual Power Plants (VPP) as the most efficient means of energy distribution for smart cities. This paper explores the modern technological innovation and paradigm in the energy sector known as VPPs which perform the task of flexibly managing a consolidation of renewable energy sources by effectively storing and distributing in variable proportions as and when it is needed. As well as outlining the challenges, this research offers to explore and model the endless possibilities of powering smart cities with the VPP technology and overall, the environmental ecosystem preservation and energy conservation opportunities it presents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Worldwide there is a constant effort to reduce energy consumption in order to prevent the climate change by decreasing the gas emissions. Another major concern of the authorities is to preserve conventional energy sources by using energy from renewable sources. European laws promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings, by considering the outdoor climatic and local conditions, without disregarding the indoor climate requirements (comfort). Starting with 31 December 2020, all new buildings should be nearly zero energy buildings. The energy consumption should be very low and a large part of the required energy must be covered from renewable sources. In this paper is presented an analysis of the energy consumptions for single-family residential buildings, located in Romania, in different climatic conditions. The methodology used for calculating the energy performance is the one adopted in Romania according to the European framework. Some numerical values of energy consumption revealed in the study could be used as reference values of the minimum energy performance requirements for the definition of nearly zero-energy buildings in the national standards. The results of the analysis suggest that the reference values to be used in Romania should be based on the average monthly temperatures of different locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objectives of each of cities from Romania are sustainable development, energy efficiency, use of renewable energy and ensuring a clean and healthy environment for citizens in a modern city, attractive, prosperous and a high standard of living. The climate changes, increasingly present every day in the realities of city, mainly caused by human factor, obliges us to a new approach and orientation responsible for the future of our decisions in order to rational and efficient use of resources, especially in order to combate, to reduce and adapt to climate change. The way we intervene to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, to mitigate and adapt to climate change defines us, placing us among European citizens informed, responsible and active. Renewable energy and biomass energy, a type of renewable energy, are one of the issues that have been overemphasized since the 1990s. The fact that the countries of the world turned to renewable energy sources from fossil fuels and diversified their energy sources, the increasing importance of renewable energies in the energy security context, the lack of stability in energy prices, the fact that the countries adopted growth strategies based on local dynamics, the source of which they had in their lands, reducing transportation costs, alternatives to generate electricity were among the factors that brought this issue to the agenda of the world and made the scientists conduct studies on the issue. Biomass energy that is one of the renewable energy sources is an important energy source particularly for developing countries, and the production and use of it are increasing every day. Considering the geographic features of the region, the use of biomass for bio-economy development, comes naturally. In order to create a business model for the use and integration of biomass supply- chain, this study will focus on providing an overview on the current state of biomass availability and usage in West Region of Romania, as well as providing brief presentation of roadblocks for further development of biomass supply chains. Also, the focus will be on developing transnational interactions that could be a solution to biomass development in the region. In that sense, the target of the next chapters is to assess the energetic potential of existing biomass in Western Region, and the necessary features of the supply chain, needed in order to develop a sustainable business in biomass field. In this paper it will be estimated potential production of biogas from residues and waste for the western region of the country. To accomplish this is necessary to identify the types of wastes and wastes that can be used. Identification will be made by name, quantity, the theoretical potential of biogas and waste to flow through the availability of energy use. Consideration should also be given to the methods of using these wastes and wastes time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to evaluate the benefits of the application of renewable energy resources for detached houses in the climatic conditions of the Czech Republic. There is a whole range of renewable energy sources, but all of them are not applicable for detached houses. This article focuses on renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal and energy derived from biofuels to evaluate the economic profitability of application technology using those resources, taking into an account the climatic conditions in the Czech Republic. Data for comparison are gathered from national statistics and already realized projects, where were used equipment and technology gaining energy from renewable sources. The paper focuses on renewable sources comparison with traditional sources within the newly-built single-family house which meet low-energy standards. Comparison is focused on purchase, operational and maintenance costs for selected types of heating in the model household. Heating technologies including renewable energy extracted from the sun and earth are being compared with technologies using the most common sources of energy used for heating, which are gas and electric power. The article concludes with a comparison of results of individual resources and final evaluation of benefits of applications of these sources for heating low-energy houses based on the collected data. The final evaluation takes into account the costs associated with the purchase, operation and maintenance technologies for heating available in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]