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Alkyl phenylcarbamodithioates were reacted with hydrazonoyl bromide 1a, b in ethanol containing a catalytic amount of triethylamine solution to afford and 1,3,4-thiadiazole derevatives 5a, b, respectively. In the same manner, alkyl hydrazinecarbodithioate (6–10)a, b were reacted with the appropriate hydrazonoyl bromide (1a, b) in ethanol containing a catalytic amount of triethylamine solution to afford 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives (13–17), respectively. Moreover, hydrazonoyl bromide 1a or 1b was reacted with 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 22A in refluxing chloroform containing triethylamine to give 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives 21a and b, respectively. Elemental analysis, spectral data, and an alternative synthetic route were used to confirm the structures of all the newly synthesized heterocyclic compounds. AutoDock was used to screen possible drugs. To screen potential medications, AutoDock was utilized. The antiviral medications chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, and Lopinavir, as well as their synthesized components, were all tested. Confirmation comes from molecular docking and computational investigations. The results of a detailed exploration of the structural characterization of 5b and 13b using quantum chemistry methods calculated using the DFT (B3LYP) method with a 6-31 + g (d, p) basis set are presented in the computational study. The goal of this study was to investigate the molecular dynamics and structural characteristics that regulate chemical behavior, as well as to compare theoretical predictions with experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of ten natural bioactive compounds (1–10) as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) by molecular docking analysis. The inhibitory effect of all studied compounds was studied with compared to some proposed antiviral drugs which currently used in COVID-19 treatment such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, baloxvir, lopinavir, and favipiravir. Homology modeling and sequence alignment was computed to evaluate the similarity between the SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease and other SARS-CoV receptors. ADMET properties of all studied compounds were computed and reported. Also, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was performed on the compound which has the highest binding affinity inside 6LU7 obtained from molecular docking analysis to study it is stability inside receptor in explicit water solvent. Based on molecular docking analysis, we found that caulerpin has the highest binding affinity inside all studied receptors compared to other bioactive compounds and studied drugs. Our homology modeling and sequence alignment showed that SARS-CoV main protease (PDB ID: 3TNT) shares high similarity with 3CLpro (96.00%). Also, ADMET properties confirmed that caulerpin obeys Lipinski's rule and passes ADMET property, which make it a promising compound to act as a new safe natural drug against SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease. Finally, MD simulation confirmed that the complex formed between caulerpin and 3CLpro is stable in water explicit and had no major effect on the flexibility of the protein throughout the simulations and provided a suitable basis for our study. Also, binding free energy between caulerpin and 6LU7 confirmed the efficacy of the caulerpin molecule against SARS-CoV-2 main protease. So, this study suggested that caulerpin could be used as a potential candidate in COVID-19 treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]