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The Chinese giant salamander (CGS), Andrias davidianus (Amphibian, Caudata, Cryptobranchidae), is endemic to China. After overhunting in the 1990’s, it is very difficult to find the CGS in the wild. Due to mating disorder, the captive breeding population is genetically confounded. The genetic backgrounds of all wild-release individuals in China are not explicit. Herein, we reported four living wild-type complete mitochondrial genomes of this species. The gene order and contents are identical to those found in typical vertebrates. Thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs) of 7 A. davidianus (4 from this study, 3 retrieved from GenBank) and 11 other closely species retrieved from GenBank were used to reconstruct phylogenetic tree. The Maximum likelihood (ML) topology shown that the clade of CGS has two subclades with a high support (100%). This study provides partial fundamental information for further exploring the true genetic background of whole population of A. davidianus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome of Asymblepharus himalayanus, has been determined for the first time by sanger sequencing. The overall length of the mitogenome is 17,304 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a putative control region. The total base composition is 31.2% for A, 27.0% for T, 14.4% for G, and 27.4% for C. The phylogenetic tree with the whole mitochondrial genome sequence of A. himalayanus together with 10 other related species belonging to the family Scincidae was reconstructed, in order to prove the validity of the mitogenome of A. himalayanus. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that A. himalayanus was not nested within Scincella, and further corroborated this species does not belong to the genus of Scincella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Papenfuss' Rock Agama Laudakia papenfussi is an endemic species in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of this species was determined by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 17,005 bp and its base composition was 37.3% for A, 23.9% for T, 12.5% for G, and 26.3% for C, which contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosome RNA genes, and 2 control regions. The phylogenetic tree of L. papenfussi and 15 other related species was reconstructed using maximum likelihood (ML) methods. The mitogenome sequence presented here will be useful to understand the phylogenetic relationships of Laudakia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of Laudakia wui, has been firstly determined by shotgun sequencing. The overall length of mitogenome is 16,455 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 2 control regions. Majority of the genes (13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA and 14 tRNA) were distributed on the H-strand, in addition to the two ND6 genes and eight tRNA genes, which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree was built by L. wui and 13 other related species. The DNA data presented here will be useful to study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of L. wui. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Lycodon ruhstrati was determined by shotgun sequencing. The total genome size is 17,168 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosome RNA genes and 2 control regions (D-loops). Most of the genes of L. ruhstrati were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree of L. ruhstrati and 12 other closely related species was reconstructed. The mitogenome sequence presented here will be useful to study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of L. ruhstrati. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Pelodiscus axenaria was determined by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 16,593 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosome RNA genes, and 1 control region. Most of the genes of P. axenaria were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree of P. axenaria and 11 other closely related species was reconstructed. The phylogenetic analyses based on these mitogenomes presented here will be useful for further insights on the evolutionary relationships of Trionychidae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Takydromus septentrionalis was determined by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 18,304 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosome RNA genes, and 2 control regions. Most of the genes of T. septentrionalis were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree of T. septentrionalis and 8 other closely related species was reconstructed. The phylogenetic analyses based on these mitogenomes presented here will be useful for further insights on the evolutionary relationships of Takydromus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of Sphenomorphus incognitus was determined by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 17 417 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two ribosome RNA genes and two non-coding regions (the control region and the putative L-strand replication origin). Most of the genes of S. incognitus were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree of S. incognitus and 8 other closely species was built. The DNA data presented here will be useful to study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of S. incognitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of the MeCord's box turtle (Cuora mccordi) was firstly determined by shotgun sequencing. The total length of mitogenome is 16,688 bp, and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and 2 main noncoding regions (the control region and the putative L-strand replication origin). The majority genes (12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA and 14 tRNA) were distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree of C. mccordi and 10 other closely related species was built. The DNA data presented here will be useful to study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity of C. mccordi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence ofAchalinus rufescenswas determined by using a PCR-based method. The total length of mitogenome is 17,339 bp and contains 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 ribosome RNA genes and 2 control regions (D-loop). All the protein-coding genes ofA. rufescenswere distributed on the H-strand, except for the ND6 subunit gene and eight tRNA genes which were encoded on the L-strand. The phylogenetic tree ofA. rufescensand 11 other closely species was built. The DNA data presented here will be useful to study the evolutionary relationships and genetic diversity ofA. rufescens. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Xizang hot-spring snake,Thermophis baileyi(Reptilia, Colubridae), is a relict species of the family Colubridae, which is known only from Tibet, China. In this study, we report the complete mitochondrial genome of this species. The total length of the genome is 17,385 bp, and comprises 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 2 control regions. The total base composition is 32.5% for A, 23.8% for T, 13.5% for G, and 30.2% for C. The phylogenetic tree with 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) ofT.baileyitogether with 12 other closely related species belonging to the family Colubridae was built, in order to prove the validity of the mitogenome ofT.baileyi. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Xianggelila hot-spring snake,Thermophis shangrila(Reptilia, Colubridae), is a species of family Colubridae, which is seen only in Shangri-La, Northern Yunnan, China. Herein, the complete mitochondrial genome of this species has been reported. The total length of the genome was 17,327 bp, and composed of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes and 2 control regions. The total base composition was 32.7% for A, 23.7% for T, 13.5% for G and 32.7% for C. The phylogenetic tree with 13 protein-coding genes ofT.shangrilatogether with 12 other closely related species belonging to the family Colubridae was reconstructed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]