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A dual output dual-frequency (DODF) resonant converter-based AC-AC induction heating (IH) by using asymmetrical duty cycle (ADC) control is presented in this paper. The proposed scheme gives two outputs with independent power control, which improves input power factor and achieves zero voltage switching (ZVS) with a wide range of operations. It includes two pairs of two half-bridge series resonant converters, each pair having one common capacitor along with various resonant frequencies. These converters are modulated with the ADC control scheme to obtain smooth operation. The proposed topology doesn't use the DC stage; it is directly connected to the power supply to produce high-frequency AC output. With the use of direct connection, the converter components are reduced when compared to conventional converters. There will be a reduction in voltage drop, power losses, cost of the converter and which will result in improved efficiency. Simulation results are obtained from PSIM 11.1.7 software. This scheme controls two different loads with an efficiency of 98.25%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a step-up multilevel inverter with a reduced number of devices. The inverter can realise nine output voltage levels with 4 times higher input source voltage at the output with 11 switching devices. The inverter uses switched capacitor (SC) technique to step up the output voltage. One of the important drawbacks of the recently proposed SC-based MLI is the higher input current ripples or spikes due to the capacitor charging states. These high ripples hamper the life of the source such as photovoltaic (PV) array or fuel cells. The proposed inverter can lower the input current ripples than others as well as can provide the maximum boosting at the output voltage. A detailed discussion on the operating principle, selection procedure of components, and power losses analysis of the proposed inverter has been presented. Furthermore, a comparative evaluation shows a significant reduction of input current spikes and component count of the proposed inverter than others. Moreover, the proposed inverter provides a lower cost function per boosting factor per level as compared to others. The performances of the inverter are verified by an extensive simulation and experimental study. The inverter works well with desired performances under different load conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Partial shading is a significant limitation that decreases the maximum power output of large photovoltaic (PV), and building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) arrays installed in modern buildings. One of the optimum solutions to mitigate the difficulty related to partial shading is applying different interconnected fixed BIPV array configurations. This research article aims to modelling, simulation, and performance analysis of a novel conventional 7 × 8 Quarter-Tied (QrTd) fixed BIPV array configuration under the centre, left staircase, frame, left corner, diagonal, and left side shading pattern cases in Matlab/Simulink. Moreover, a comprehensive study with existing conventional fixed BIPV array configurations such as Series-Parallel (SePl), Bridge-Linked (BdLk), Honey-Combed (HnCb), Triple-Tied (TrTd), Total-Cross-Tied (TtCrTd) array interconnections is also executed. The variable parameters for performance evaluation include global maximum power point (GlMxPoPt), mismatch losses (MmLs), fill factor (FiFa), efficiency (Effy), relative power loss (RlPwLs) and relative power gained (RlPwGn). Experimental validation under two partial shading cases is also reported for the justification of simulation results. The simulation results infer that the proposed QrTd configuration improves GlMxPoPt by 4.31%, reduces MmLs by 3.54%, and improves FiFa & Effy by 2.44% and 0.34%, respectively, under six different shading cases. The experimental results conclude that the proposed QrTd configuration improves GlMxPoPt by 1.62%, reduces MmLs by 1.15%, and improves FiFa & Effy by 0.65% and 0.14%, respectively, under two shading cases. Moreover, the wiring requirement and the wiring losses are also lower in the proposed QrTd configuration than in the TtCrTd configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On-grid and off-grid building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems require a large size BIPV array (LSBA) as their major renewable energy generator. Partial Shading (PS) significantly contributes to power loss in LSBA. One effective solution to mitigate the adverse effect of PS in LSBA is the application of fixed or static BIPV array configurations (BIPV-ACs). This research article critically compares the different fixed BIPV-ACs for modelling, designing and critical analysis of LSBA. Different existing and proposed fixed BIPV-ACs are modelled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink under six dissimilar cases of PS patterns. Further, the performance is investigated in terms of global maximum power point (G-M-PP), mismatch loss (ML), fill factor (FF), efficiency (η), relative power loss (RPL) and relative power gained (RPG) to identify the best BIPV-AC. Experimental justification of simulation results under two PS pattern cases is reported. The best BIPV-ACs with high G-M-PP and low ML are Total-Cross-Tied (TCT), Triple-Tied (TT), Modified Triple-Tied (M-TT) and Hybrid Bridge-Linked Total-Cross-Tied (H-BL-TCT). Finally, the comprehensive critical analysis reveals that the H-BL-TCT array is the best performing array with low ML, high FF and η, and high G-M-PP with low wiring requirements than the TCT array. The simulation results conclude that the H-BL-TCT array improves G-M-PP by 6.40 %, reduces ML by 4.23 %, and improves FF & η by 4.58 % and 0.54 %. The experimental results infer that the H-BL-TCT array improves G-M-PP by 0.83 %, reduces ML by 0.75 %, and improves FF & η by 0.88 % and 0.09 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar photovoltaic (SPV) based renewable resource-linked grid system has been replacing the traditional power generation system due to significant advantages. However, high fluctuation of DC voltage might damage the grid system and produce power quality problems in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) and voltage fluctuation. In this article, a novel function roach infestation optimization (FRIO) based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme is proposed for tracking the utmost PV power. Furthermore, a novel generalized evolving fuzzy reasoning-based intelligence control (GEFRIC) method is proposed in multilevel inverter (MLI) to mitigate the harmonic constraints in the grid system. The performance analysis of the proposed method has been validated in MATLAB/Simulink under different cases. Moreover, the outcome of the proposed scheme was compared with other conventional methods and has attained better results by achieving less THD and optimal solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the recent development and phenomenal growth in the field of electrical/power engineering, various new enhanced and sophisticated power control techniques have emerged which have got the enormous capabilities to produce the desired power in the most efficient and effective manner. This paper presents the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) connected to the wind turbine to extract the maximum power using the integral sliding mode control technique and artificial neural network (ANN). The real power produced by the generator is directly dependent on the internal characteristic of the wind turbine like TSR (tip speed ratio), Power Coefficient, etc. To extract the maximum power from the wind turbine, it has been depicted that ANN a is more efficient and reliable form than the sliding mode control technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems are gaining major attention in modern cities due to the absence of free space to install ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV) plants. A large interconnected BIPV array (liBA) is essential for standalone and grid-connected BIPV systems. The major problem with liBA is the partial shading (PS) phenomenon that increases the mismatch losses (MmLs) and reduces the maximum power (MP) output. Modelling, simulation, and performance analysis of a novel 7 × 5 and 7 × 8 hybrid triple-tied total-cross-tied (TrTd-TtCrTd) fixed BIPV array for increasing MP with reduced MmLs under extreme PS conditions are the main goals of this research paper. In addition, existing hybrid arrays such as series-parallel total-cross-tied (SePl-TtCrTd), bridge-linked total-cross-tied (BdLk-TtCrTd), and honey-combed total-cross-tied (HnCb-TtCrTd), as well as conventional triple-tied (TrTd) and total-cross-tied (TtCrTd), are compared. The simulation results are also validated experimentally using two PS situations. Finally, the global maximum power point (GlMxPoPt), MmLs, fill factor (FiFa), and efficiency (Effy) are used to evaluate the performance. Under six different extreme PS scenarios, the simulation results show that the proposed 7 × 5 hybrid TrTd-TtCrTd array increases GlMxPoPt by 4.84 %, decreases MmLs by 3.46 %, and increases FiFa and Effy by 2.20 % and 0.34 %, respectively. Under two severe PS scenarios, simulation results show that the proposed 7 × 8 large size hybrid TrTd-TtCrTd array increases GlMxPoPt by 3.43 %, decreases MmLs by 2.29 %, and increases FiFa and Effy by 1.26 % and 0.23 %, respectively. Under two extreme PS scenarios, experimental results indicate that the proposed 7 × 8 hybrid TrTd-TtCrTd solar array increases GlMxPoPt by 2.84 %, decreases MmLs by 2.12 %, and increases FiFa and Effy by 1.82 % and 0.22 %, respectively. The proposed hybrid TrTd-TtCrTd array improves GlMxPoPt, reduces MmLs and improves FiFa and Effy with low wiring requirements under different PS cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract—Induction heating (IH) technology is increasingly implemented in domestic, industrial as well as medical applications in the modern era. Designing of modern IH system incorporates high frequency (HF) resonant converter that results in the generation of HF harmonics. The HF harmonics has an inherent tendency to back flow toward the supply side and deteriorates the power quality at the grid side. So, in order to mitigate this power quality issue, a single phase Vienna rectifier (1-ø VR) based IH system has been proposed. Hysteresis and pulse density modulation controller is employed in the proposed IH system. The unidirectional nature of VR protects the overall IH system from the HF harmonics. VR also improves the power factor of the input supply along with low total harmonic distortion of input current. The feasibility of the proposed IH system is validated through MATLAB/Simulink environment. Finally, an experimental prototype of 1200 W has been developed and further correlated with the simulation results to verify the uniqueness of the proposed IH system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electricity demand of the world is growing at a rapid pace. On the other hand, pollution levels due to conventional power generating techniques are drastically increasing and resulting in harmful environmental issues and impacts. As an alternative to this, renewable or clean energy generation from solar photovoltaic's (PV) in large scale grid connected systems is being increasingly encouraged at the present time. One of the emerging trends in solar PV module power generation is building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. It meets the local load demands of the building or residential systems and can be used as a stand-alone or on-grid connected system. This paper briefs about the development and recent trends related to renewable energy generation from BIPV systems and its maximum power generation techniques. It also describes both the current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics of various BIPV products at dissimilar values of solar irradiation. With BIPV, the building or residential components like the roof, an outer wall, window glass, etc., are replaced by PV array module and hence a dual purpose is served with a reduction in the overall cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]