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The National Cancer Institute's Small Business Innovation Research Development Center (NCI SBIR) supports the commercialization of novel cancer‐related technologies by providing resources to 300–400 small businesses each year. Whereas Federal funding is crucial for the translation of technologies to the clinic, the majority of these technologies will need to undergo regulatory review to reach clinical testing. Many small businesses find navigating their regulatory pathway challenging, largely due to lack of regulatory expertise on small startup teams with limited revenue. In collaboration with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), NCI SBIR launched a new regulatory assistance program called Connecting Awardees with Regulatory Experts (CARE). The goal of the CARE program is to connect NCI‐funded small businesses with the FDA to receive feedback on their regulatory questions during early‐stage product development. The program has a multipronged support approach and also educates companies about the FDA process and existing resources. To date, 141 companies have participated in the interagency program. Follow‐up surveys indicate that the program guided the companies in planning the next regulatory steps for their technology development (89%) and provided critical information that changed their future NCI small business grant project aims (81%). Overall, companies reported they would recommend the program to other companies (90%). This paper will discuss the CARE program outcomes as well as other NCI and FDA collaborations that support early‐stage small businesses, including the joint development of funding opportunities and online resources that focus on the oncology startup community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Income‐generating activities by women are an effective means of reducing gender‐based deprivation and disparities. In the constrained familial and community settings of developing economies, online platforms can be an appropriate means for women to carry out economic activities. In this context, important initiatives taken by the Government of India, such as the Common Service Centres scheme, are worth studying. This paper critically evaluates such revolutionary online platform–based entrepreneurial initiatives using the capability approach developed by Amartya Sen. We examine through case studies how women‐run businesses use online platforms and what determines their success, inputs, capabilities, and conversion factors. Further, national enterprise‐level data from Indiaʼs National Sample Survey Office are analysed to show that states with a higher level of gender inequality are also the regions with a lower level of information and communications technology usage by women‐run enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People move from one region of a country to another not only for employment but also for business opportunities. Their earnings, relative to those of comparable local employees and local entrepreneurs, reflect the efficiency of internal migration policies. Investigating a large number of migrants and non‐migrants in Vietnam, we find that while migrant entrepreneurs earn more than local entrepreneurs, migrant employees earn less than their local counterparts. Moreover, regions with unalloyed socialist norms (North Vietnam) enhance migrants' advantages, leading to higher earnings, whereas migrants in regions with pro‐entrepreneurship norms (South Vietnam) find it difficult to compete with the locals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]