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Carbonyl rich conjugated polymer electrode materials for lithium‐ion batteries possessed the advantages of strong molecular design ability, abundance and high theoretical capacity. In this work, a Co2+ coordinated conjugated polymer using 2,3,5,6‐tetraamino‐p‐benzoquinone (TABQ) as building block was constructed and developed as electrode material for all organic symmetric lithium‐ion batteries, outputting a specific capacity of over 100 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles at 50 mA g−1. Performances of Co‐TABQ in half cells were explored. The Co‐TABQ cathode delivered a capacity of 133.3 mAh g−1 after 150 cycles at 20 mA g−1. When cycled at higher current density of 500 mA g−1, the capacity gradually increased to 109.4 mAh g−1 after 4000 cycles. The Co‐TABQ anode displayed a stable capacity of 568.6 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1. The charge transfer within the electrode was greatly reduced due to the metallic centers in the extended conjugated skeleton, and the reversible Li+ storage was achieved by the active C=O and imine groups. This work showed the great potential of metal mediated conjugated polymer in Lithium‐ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]