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Both cutaneous radiation injury and radiation combined injury (RCI) could have serious skin traumas, which are collectively referred to as radiation‐associated skin injuries in this paper. These two types of skin injuries require special managements of wounds, and the therapeutic effects still need to be further improved. Cutaneous radiation injuries are common in both radiotherapy patients and victims of radioactive source accidents, which could lead to skin necrosis and ulcers in serious conditions. At present, there are still many challenges in management of cutaneous radiation injuries including early diagnosis, lesion assessment, and treatment prognosis. Radiation combined injuries are special and important issues in severe nuclear accidents, which often accompanied by serious skin traumas. Mass victims of RCI would be the focus of public health concern. Three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting, as a versatile and favourable technique, offers effective approaches to fabricate biomimetic architectures with bioactivity, which provides potentials for resolve the challenges in treating radiation‐associated skin injuries. Combining with the cutting‐edge advances in 3D skin bioprinting, the authors analyse the damage characteristics of skin wounds in both cutaneous radiation injury and RCI and look forward to the potential value of 3D skin bioprinting for the treatments of radiation‐associated skin injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the largest oil consumer and sixth largest oil producer in the world, China's growing oil import is a premise to its energy security concerns. For China, petroleum security means supply security. The paper disaggregates petroleum security into three dimensions (domestic petroleum price—DOP, petroleum supply—PS and petroleum reserve—PR) and examines the impact of Renminbi internationalization (RMBI) on these dimensions based on linear auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) procedure, and monthly data spanning from 2011M01 to 2022M03. The empirical results reveal evidence of long run equilibrium relationship between PR, PS and RMBI. On the long run and short run dynamics, RMBI is inversely related to DOP both in the short run and long run, but the impact is less than proportionately. However, RMBI and PS co‐move in the short run with 0.24% margin. In the same vein, RMBI and PR co‐move both in the short run and long run significantly. The impact of international oil price is positive on DOP but negative on PS and PR at least in the short run. Our finding signalled to the fact that increasing acceptance of the RMB in trade settlements and crude oil invoicing serve as a comparative advantage for China to engage in oil trade and complement the oil demand growth threatening the country's energy security drive. Therefore, we suggest diversification of crude oil import sources especially to regions/countries where RMB has been widely accepted. Prominence should be given to government controlled Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPRs) and large oil companies should be compelled to raise the level of mandatory oil reserve for sustainable supply that keep pace with the growing demand for oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To promote the combination of mobile learning (m‐learning) in new courses contexts and improve students' learning outcomes, an integrated method of m‐learning and small private online course (SPOC)‐based flipped classroom was proposed and used for teaching the "hydrology" course at Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology (XAUAT). The offering of the new methodology was composed of preclass (knowledge acquisition), in‐class (knowledge internalization), and after‐class (knowledge application) stages, and the WeChat applet Mu classroom with m‐learning technology was adopted in the in‐class stage. To improve the teacher–student interactions and communication, several interactive activities were designed based on Mu classroom, including random roll calls, open questions, objective questions, discussion, and extended discussion. After using the integrated method, the average score of each final exam was improved significantly (p <.05), and the failed (<60) percentage was decreased significantly (p =.002 <.01). Positive correlation between the scores of in‐class quizzes and discussion and final exam were obtained (R2 =.530, p <.001), indicating that students' outcomes were greatly affected by mobile learning. Moreover, positive feedback from students' questionnaires confirmed that the integrated approach was effective and could motivate students' learning interests and knowledge understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a particular weak Galerkin (WG) element on rectangular/cuboid partitions that uses k$$ k $$th order polynomial for weak finite element functions and (k+1)$$ \left(k+1\right) $$th order polynomials for weak derivatives. This WG element is highly accurate with convergence two orders higher than the optimal order in an energy norm and the L2$$ {L}^2 $$ norm. The superconvergence is verified analytically and numerically. Furthermore, the usual stabilizer in the standard weak Galerkin formulation is no longer needed for this element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer patients who receive radiotherapy have a high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, but the concrete reason remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the influence of irradiation on the vulnerability of cancer cells to SARS‐CoV‐2 using S pseudovirions and probed the underlying mechanism via RNA‐seq and other molecular biology techniques. Owing to the enhancement of sphingolipid metabolism, irradiation accelerated pseudovirion infection. Mechanistically, irradiation induced the expression of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), which catalyses the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin to ceramide, contributing to lipid raft formation and promoting SARS‐CoV‐2 invasion. Inhibition of lipid raft formation with methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin (MβCD) or the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein and ASM suppression through small interfering RNA or amitriptyline (AMT) treatment abolished the enhancing effect of irradiation on viral infection. Animal experiments supported the finding that irradiation promoted SARS‐CoV‐2 S pseudovirion infection in A549 cell tumour‐bearing BALB/c nude mice, whereas AMT treatment dramatically decreased viral infection. This study discloses the role of sphingolipid metabolism in irradiation‐induced SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, thus providing a potential target for clinical intervention to protect patients receiving radiotherapy from COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polydatin (PD), a monocrystalline compound isolated from the root and rhizome of Polygonum cuspidatum, is widely used in inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. PD has an anti‐inflammatory effect on colitis mice; however, information regulating the mechanism by which maintains the intestinal epithelium barrier is currently scarce. Here, we assessed the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant of PD in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced macrophages in vitro, and explored its effects on inhibiting intestinal inflammation and maintaining the intestinal epithelium barrier in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced colitis mice. Results showed that PD reduced the level of proinflammatory cytokines and enzymes, including tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), IL‐6, cyclooxygenase‐2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, in LPS‐induced macrophages, and improved the expression level of IL‐10. PD maintained the expression of tight junction proteins in medium (LPS‐induced macrophages medium)‐induced MCEC cells. Additionally, PD inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB), p65, extracellular signal‐regulated kinase‐1/2, c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase, and p38 signaling pathways in LPS‐induced macrophages and facilitated the phosphorylation of AKT and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, improving the expression of HO‐1 and NQO1. Furthermore, PD ameliorated the intestinal inflammatory response and improved the dysfunction of the colon epithelium barrier in DSS‐induced colitis mice. Taken together, our results indicated that PD inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress, maintained the intestinal epithelium barrier, and the protective role of PD was associated with the NF‐κB p65, itogen‐activated protein kinases, and AKT/Nrf2/HO‐1/NQO1 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resting‐state functional connectivity in the human brain is heritable, and previous studies have investigated the genetic basis underlying functional connectivity. However, at present, the molecular mechanisms associated with functional network centrality are still largely unknown. In this study, functional networks were constructed, and the graph‐theory method was employed to calculate network centrality in 100 healthy young adults from the Human Connectome Project. Specifically, functional connectivity strength (FCS), also known as the "degree centrality" of weighted networks, is calculated to measure functional network centrality. A multivariate technique of partial least squares regression (PLSR) was then conducted to identify genes whose spatial expression profiles best predicted the FCS distribution. We found that FCS spatial distribution was significantly positively correlated with the expression of genes defined by the first PLSR component. The FCS‐related genes we identified were significantly enriched for ion channels, axon guidance, and synaptic transmission. Moreover, FCS‐related genes were preferentially expressed in cortical neurons and young adulthood and were enriched in numerous neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Furthermore, a series of validation and robustness analyses demonstrated the reliability of the results. Overall, our results suggest that the spatial distribution of FCS is modulated by the expression of a set of genes associated with ion channels, axon guidance, and synaptic transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, semi‐discrete and fully discrete error estimates are derived for the Biot's consolidation model described using a three‐field finite element formulation. These fields include displacements, total stress and pressure. The model is implemented using a backward Euler discretization in time for the fully discrete scheme and validated for benchmark examples. Computational experiments are presented to verify the convergence orders for two finite elements with discontinuous and continuous approximations for the total stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis progression and high incidence of cardiovascular events, hinting that atherosclerotic plaques in CKD may be vulnerable. However, its cause and mechanism remain obscure. Here, it is shown that apolipoprotein E‐deficient (ApoE−/−) mouse with CKD (CKD/ApoE−/− mouse) is a useful model for investigating the pathogenesis of plaque vulnerability, and premature senescence and phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to CKD‐associated plaque vulnerability. Subsequently, VSMC phenotypes in patients with CKD and CKD/ApoE−/− mice are comprehensively investigated. Using multi‐omics analysis and targeted and VSMC‐specific gene knockout mice, VSMCs are identified as both type‐I‐interferon (IFN‐I)‐responsive and IFN‐I‐productive cells. Mechanistically, mitochondrial damage resulting from CKD‐induced oxidative stress primes the cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase‐stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS‐STING) pathway to trigger IFN‐I response in VSMCs. Enhanced IFN‐I response then induces VSMC premature senescence and phenotypic switching in an autocrine/paracrine manner, resulting in the loss of fibrous cap VSMCs and fibrous cap thinning. Conversely, blocking IFN‐I response remarkably attenuates CKD‐associated plaque vulnerability. These findings reveal that IFN‐I response in VSMCs through immune sensing of mitochondrial damage is essential for the pathogenesis of CKD‐associated plaque vulnerability. Mitigating IFN‐I response may hold promise for the treatment of CKD‐associated cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topics of human health and disease are always the focus of much attention. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a double‐edged sword, plays an important role in biological systems. Studies have revealed that endogenous H2S is important to maintain normal physiological functions. Conversely, abnormal levels of H2S may contribute to various diseases. Due to the importance of H2S in physiology and pathology, research into the effects of H2S has been active in recent years. Fluorescent probes with red/near‐infrared (NIR) emissions (620–900 nm) are more suitable for imaging applications in vivo, because of their negligible photodamage, deep tissue penetration, and maximum lack of interference from background autofluorescence. H2S, an 'evil and positive' molecule, is not only toxic, but also produces significant effects; a 'greedy' molecule, is not only a strong nucleophile under physiological conditions, but also undergoes a continuous double nucleophilic reaction. Therefore, in this tutorial review, we will highlight recent advances made since 2015 in the development and application of red/NIR fluorescent probes based on nucleophilic reactions of H2S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite several treatment options that are available for meningiomas, surgery is the only method currently practiced. Peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) in meningiomas causes difficulty marginalizing the dissection in an intraoperative setting.Purpose: To evaluate whether the epidemiological variables, imaging characteristics, and pathologic parameters are correlated with the presence of PTBE in meningiomas.Study Type: Retrospective study from 2015 to 2018.Subjects: In all, 550 patients with histopathologically confirmed meningioma were included. After exclusion of patients with extradural, spinal, and intraventricular meningiomas and those with image artifacts, a total of 441 patients were included in the final analysis.Field Strength/sequence: Images were performed with 3T MR scanners and axial/sagittal T1 WI, axial/coronal T2 WI and axial/sagittal/coronal contrast-enhanced T1 WI after administration of 0.1 mmol/kg of body weight of Gd-DTPA.Assessment: Fourteen variables were patients' age, sex, skull changes, calcification, density, location, margin, volume, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cleft, signal intensity (SI) on T2 WI, degree and pattern of contrast enhancement, WHO histological classification, and Ki-67 labeling index.Statistical Tests: The relationship between each factor and the formation of PTBE was examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: After multivariate logistic regression, the absence of CSF cleft (odds ratio [OR]: 63.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.24-121.42, P = 1.2 × 10-8 ), non-skull base location (OR: 15.32, 95% CI: 5.81-28.23, P = 0.0008), high SI on T2 WI (OR: 5.05, 95% CI: 2.27-14.88, P = 0.01), and G I uncommon subtypes (OR: 4.75, 95% CI: 1.42-15.94, P = 0.01) were found to be significant independent factors associated with the occurrence of PTBE in meningiomas. In patients with PTBE-positive meningiomas, there was no significant correlation between the volume of PTBE and the volume of the tumor (r = 0.17, P = 0.60).Data Conclusion: These factors may be suggestive of anticipating the formation of PTBE.Level Of Evidence: 3 Technical Efficacy Stage: 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:174-182. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article establishes a discrete maximum principle (DMP) for the approximate solution of convection–diffusion–reaction problems obtained from the weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method on nonuniform rectangular partitions. The DMP analysis is based on a simplified formulation of the WG involving only the approximating functions defined on the boundary of each element. The simplified weak Galerkin (SWG) method has a reduced computational complexity over the usual WG, and indeed provides a discretization scheme different from the WG when the reaction terms are present. An application of the SWG on uniform rectangular partitions yields some 5‐ and 7‐point finite difference schemes for the second order elliptic equation. Numerical experiments are presented to verify the DMP and the accuracy of the scheme, particularly the finite difference scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melatonin (MT), endogenously secreted by the pineal gland, is closely related to multiple biological processes; however, its effect on thrombopoiesis is still not well illustrated. Here, we demonstrate that MT administration can elevate peripheral platelet levels. Analysis of different stages in thrombopoiesis reveals that MT has the capacity to promote the expansion of CD34+ and CD41+ cells, and accelerate proplatelet formation (PPF) and platelet production. Furthermore, in vivo experiments show that MT has a potential therapeutic effect on radiation‐induced thrombocytopenia. The underlying mechanism suggests that both extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and Akt signaling are involved in the processes of thrombopoiesis facilitated by MT. Interestingly, in addition to the direct regulation of Akt signaling by its upstream phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), ERK1/2 signaling is also regulated by PI3K via its effector, dual adaptor for phosphotyrosine and 3‐phosphoinositides (DAPP1), in megakaryocytes after MT treatment. Moreover, the expression level of DAPP1 during megakaryocyte differentiation is closely related to the activation of ERK1/2 and Akt at different stages of thrombopoiesis. In conclusion, our data suggest that MT treatment can promote thrombopoiesis, which is modulated by the DAPP1‐orchestrated activation of ERK1/2 and Akt signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel, highly sensitive and selective fluorescent sensor based on water‐soluble nitrogen‐doped graphene quantum dots (N‐GQDs) coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was developed to detect tetracycline (TC). Unique N‐GQDs@MIPs nanomaterials were synthesized via the simple sol‐gel method due to its advantages of saving time and costs. The prepared N‐GQDs were fairly uniform and the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) was up to 58.2%. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed that the N‐GQDs@MIPs nanomaterial was prepared successfully. The imprinted factor (IF) of the synthesized N‐GQDs@MIPs was 3.42. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity and concentration of TC maintained a good linear range. The recovery experiment indicated this method can be applied to detecting TC in animal‐derived food. In summary, the proposed method provided a new and effective way for simple and rapid analysis of specific components in complex matrix samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The upper Yellow River drains the central and northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Understanding the origin of this river is essential for unraveling the interplay between fluvial incision, basement uplift, and climate change. However, the formation age of the upper Yellow River is highly debated, with estimates ranging from Eocene to late Pleistocene. In order to clarify the history of the upper Yellow River, we present a heavy‐mineral dataset from drill core in the Yinchuan Basin, a depositional sink at the end of the upper Yellow River course. Our results reveal that the drainage area of the upper Yellow River (i.e., northeastern Tibetan Plateau) has been serving as a major sediment source region for the Yinchuan Basin since at least 3.3 Ma. A late Pleistocene formation of the upper Yellow River, and erosion of neighboring deserts or bounding mountains as an explanation for thick sediment accumulations in this area, is thus ruled out. Plain Language Summary: The Yellow River, the sixth longest in the world, is often called "the cradle of Chinese civilization." However, due to high sediment loads, it often flows above the level of surrounding farm fields in the Yinchuan‐Hetao Basin, the depositional zone of the upper Yellow River. Catastrophic flooding has occurred several times here in the recent past. Thus, the river is also called "China's Sorrow." Understanding where the vast amount of sediments in the Yinchuan‐Hetao Basin came from would help to guide river management. Here we present a first investigation of sediment sources in the Yinchuan Basin using heavy‐mineral data of long drill cores spanning the last 3.3 million years. Our results suggest that the majority of the sediments in this region were transported from the northeastern Tibetan Plateau by the upper Yellow River and not from erosion of the neighboring deserts/drylands or mountains. Only during the last 10,000 years might human activities have increased erosion of neighboring deserts/drylands, causing a provenance shift. Key Points: We present provenance evidence for establishment of the upper Yellow River since at least the late PlioceneThe evidence from the Yinchuan Basin drill core supports a prolonged history of the upper Yellow RiverThe sediments in the Yinchuan Basin were transported from the northeastern Tibetan Plateau mainly by the Yellow River [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Background: The cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for the age‐associated delay of cutaneous wound healing are still not well understood. Previous studies have shown that miR‐21 plays key roles during skin wound healing. We presumed that dysregulation of miR‐21 may be involved in age‐associated defects in wound healing and that miR‐21 may be one potential therapeutic target by which to ameliorate wound defects in elderly subjects. Methods: Circular full thickness excisional wounds were made on the dorsal skin of young (2‐month‐old) and aged (12‐month‐old) female mice. The wound healing rates were quantified and compared between wild‐type and miR‐21 knock‐in mice. Both histologic and morphometric analyses of the wounds were evaluated. Furthermore, the expression patterns of miR‐21 during wound healing in both young and aged mice were assessed by in situ hybridization. The effects of topical miR‐21 overexpression on wound healing in aged mice were estimated by both wound closure quantification and histological analyses. Results: Aged miR‐21 knock‐in female mice showed significantly improved wound healing compared to their wild‐type counterparts with respect to mature granulation tissue, smaller wound width and thinner epidermis. The expression patterns of miR‐21 showed that miR‐21 levels were insufficient for repairing granulation tissue in aged mice. Intradermal injection of miR‐21 plasmid around wounds could upregulate miR‐21 levels during wound healing and ameliorate age‐associated skin wound defects. Conclusions: The results of the present study reveal that the upregulation of miR‐21 levels could improve wound repair in aged mice, which suggests that a therapeutic strategy targeting miR‐21 expression in age‐associated wound healing may be feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toriello-Carey syndrome (T-CS), which was first described by Toriello and Carey, is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, Pierre Robin sequence, unusual facial appearance, and other anomalies. Tracheal or laryngeal anomalies are reported as a common manifestation of T-CS. These anomalies can lead to respiratory distress and respiratory tract infection. The cause of T-CS is unknown, although there have been reports of patients with a clinical diagnosis of T-CS and a chromosome anomaly. We describe another such patient who was found to have an interstitial deletion of 3q (3q12.1-q21.3). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ryegrass ( Lolium) species, perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) and Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.), are the two most important pasture grass species for global temperate regions and are also useful for amenity purposes. Due to an outbreeding reproductive habit, high levels of genetic heterogeneity are present within cultivated varieties. A continual increase in delivery of new cultivars to the marketplace, along with limited capacity to discriminate on the basis of morphological characteristics in a grow-out test, has caused difficulties for distinctness, uniformity and stability ( DUS) testing in the current plant variety protection ( PVP) system. A range of genomic tools and resources have been generated for ryegrasses, which provide new opportunities and challenges to the current PVP system. In this review, the currently available genomic tools and resources are described, along with prospects for applications to the PVP system and testing for seed certification and purity accreditation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microsatellite variants in the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A gene ( AVPR1A) RS3 have been associated with normal social behaviors variation and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a sex-specific manner. However, neural mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that AVPR1A RS3 variants affect altruistic behavior by modulating the gray matter volume (GMV) of specific brain regions in a sex-specific manner. We investigated 278 young healthy adults using the Dictator Game to assess altruistic behavior. All subjects were genotyped and main effect of AVPR1A RS3 repeat polymorphisms and interaction of genotype-by-sex on the GMV were assessed in a voxel-wise manner. We observed that male subjects with relatively short repeats allocated less money to others and exhibited a significantly smaller GMV in the right fusiform face area (FFA) compared with male long homozygotes. In male subjects, the GMV of the right FFA exhibited a significant positive correlation with altruistic behavior. A mixed mediation and moderation analysis further revealed both a significant mediation effect of the GMV of the right FFA on the association between AVPR1A RS3 repeat polymorphisms and allocation sums and a significant moderation effect of sex (only in males) on the mediation effect. Post hoc analysis showed that the GMV of the right FFA was significantly smaller in male subjects carrying allele 426 than in non-426 carriers. These results suggest that the GMV of the right FFA may be a potential mediator whereby the genetic variants in AVPR1A RS3 affect altruistic behavior in healthy male subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2700-2709, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased basic fibroblast growth factor-2 ( FGF2) and reduced Klotho have both been reported to be closely associated with renal fibrosis. However, the relationship between Klotho and FGF2 remains unclear. We demonstrate that FGF2 induced tubulo-epithelial plasticity in cultured HK-2 cells, accompanied by a reduction in Klotho expression, whereas recombinant Klotho protein could inhibit the action of FGF2. The FGF2 effects required extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 activation, which was suppressed by Klotho. Moreover, Klotho also restrained FGF2-induced fibroblast proliferation and activation. The inhibitory effect of Klotho on the activity of FGF2 was likely due to its potent ability to compete with FGF2 binding to FGF receptor 1. Unilateral ureteral obstruction ( UUO)-induced renal fibrosis was associated with an increase in FGF2 and a reduction in Klotho expression in wild-type mice, whereas FGF2-/- mice largely preserved Klotho expression and developed only mild renal fibrosis after obstructive injury. Furthermore, administration of Klotho protein in UUO mice significantly reduced renal fibrosis, concomitant with a marked suppression of FGF2 production and signalling. These studies demonstrate a feedback loop between Klotho depletion and FGF2 activation in renal fibrosis. Our results also suggest that Klotho treatment reduces renal fibrosis, at least in part, by inhibiting FGF2 signalling. Copyright © 2014 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Like the old Chinese saying that a solid dyke can collapse because of the presence of an ant hole, the "ants" uremic toxins make the "solid" fibrous cap of atherosclerotic plaques susceptible to collapse via innate immune activation in vascular smooth muscle cells, as described by Ke Yang, Jinghong Zhao, and co-workers in article number 2002738. Chronic Kidney Disease: Mitochondrial Damage-Induced Innate Immune Activation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Promotes Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Plaque Vulnerability (Adv. Sci. 5/2021). [Extracted from the article]