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One of the survivors in Spain of the free distribution press is the specialized publication Diario Médico, which has been disseminating health issues among professionals of the National Health System for 25 years. We did an exploratory-descriptive study about its origins and current situation, paying attention to its labour in paper, through the printed product, and in Red, through diariomedico.com. The techniques are the interview with its deputy director and the analysis of its products. The mixed format defines Diario Médico: it maintains its commitment to offer information on paper, despite having reduced the periodicity from daily to weekly; leads its paper readers to Orbyt, the digital press kiosk of the promoter group, Unidad Editorial, where it offers seven pages a day in pdf format with information for subscribers, and on the Web, with an edition that opens to the participation of the user. The informative tone of its contents and its usefulness for society, together with the growing interest of the non-specialized public in medicine and health, lead to Diario Médico, in our opinion, to have a double objective public: society in general and professionals of the System in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the formation of the medical professional identity is achieved in stages during which the characteristics, values and norms of the medical profession are internalized, which results in the individual thinking, acting and feeling like a doctor. Tutors in medicine should clarify and encourage the principles within study programs and learning environments in order to support the formation of the professional identity of their students. Objective: the purpose of this paper is to reveal the participation of medical tutoring as one of the most influential factors that contribute to the development of the professional identity of medical students, as well as to give some guidelines so that the training of tutors. It contemplates tools that allow them to contribute to the positive and valued construction of the professional identity of the students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present an analysis of the academic leagues in health and spirituality, a space that predominates in training on the subject in Brazil. It seeks to analyze how the training provided by these organizations in spirituality is secular, not only due to the way spirituality is mobilized but also because of the specific characteristics of the health configuration. On one hand, since the emergence of medical leagues, there have been observable connections with religion, even though they were initially inspired by science in the early 20th century. On the other hand, various religious connections can be recognized, whether in people's life trajectories or in the formation of health and spirituality leagues. In this manner, we comprehend the emergence of leagues affiliated with the Academic Association of Leagues and Study Groups in Spirituality and Health (AALEGREES), with a particular focus on their secular configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vision is considered one of the most important senses for the neuropsychomotor development of children and is essential for learning and socialization from the first years of life. However, the changes in anatomical and physiological conformations of the child's eye, which occur during growth, make children susceptible to eye health problems, requiring early identification and treatment so that they can be resolved. Therefore, this paper aims to present an experience report on the extension project "Visual Acuity Screening and Ametropia Identification in an Urban Terena Community in Campo Grande (Brazil)" developed by an academic team from the Medical School of the Mato Grosso do Sul State University. This project aimed at assessing the visual acuity in children aged 3 to 12 years old and was developed in four stages: planning of activities with the community, training of the work team, application of the visual acuity screening test, and strategies for health education in ophthalmology. Because the course of its development was affected by the Covid-19 scenario, it was essential for the academic team to make adaptations to minimize the negative impacts of the pandemic on the project, which had the participation of about 30 children. The results of this action provided early detection of low visual acuity in 4 children, 13% of the total surveyed. In addition, the action strengthened the institution-community relationship amid the Covid-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical history of the city of Rijeka is a rich treasure trove of events, celebrities and valuable innovations in the field of healthcare. The historical development of Rijeka was largely determined by her geopolitical position as a border town with a multicultural population, marked by strong conflicts of interest and numerous identity turmoil. The great exodus of the domicile population of Italian nationality after World War II has significantly changed the social picture of the city. Among many of such esuli (immigrants) were brothers Giovanni (b. 1932) and Abdon (b. 1933) Pamich, whose lives are reminiscent of the fate of many displaced people from Rijeka who were forced to live in exile after the war. After leaving their hometown during the formative years of their childhood, they had successful careers in Italy in the fields of medicine and healthcare. The older brother Giovanni became a successful surgeon and the younger Abdon a psychologist. Along with his positions as the head of general surgery at the Monfalcone and Gorizia Hospitals, Giovanni Pamich was teaching at the University of Trieste. Abdon Pamich collaborated with the best Italian tennis players in the field of sports psychology, and was a psychologist for the Italian handball team. They both practiced athletics, and Abdon Pamich won the silver medal in speed walking at the 1958 European Championships in Sweden and the gold medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics. In addition to emphasizing the achievements of the two brothers in the field of medicine, this paper also addresses the position of the migrant, which is highlighted in Robert Covaz’s book “Abdon Pamich, memorie di un marciatore (Rome, 2016), an exciting biography of an emigrant from Rijeka. The paper also explores the concept of thematizing the limits of differences and experiences of migration of Rijeka residents facing the existential issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the architecture of the Royal National Institute for the Insane in Stenjevec during its construction and the first years of its existence. Since the opening of the Institute in 1879 until the end of the World War I, there were numerous adaptations and extensions of the original capacities. The paper shows how these extensions reflected the existing paradigm of the institutional architecture in the second half of the 19th century. Architecture, under the influence of Pinel's "moral treatment" as a primary therapeutic approach to mental illnesses in the 19th century, was considered to be a remedy and its therapeutic importance in the context of psychiatry was not questioned. While early examples of the architecture of psychiatric hospitals copied prison construction and were adapted to control the mentally ill (e.g., the Viennese "Narrenturm"), later plans, such as linear and separate (pavilion), sought to simultaneously increase control effectiveness, act therapeutically and respond to some practical needs of the more crowded institutes. The Stenjevec Institute, designed by the Viennese architect Kuno Waidmann, was created exactly at the transition between the linear and the separate type. The institute, originally conceived as a linear type of institution, was later transformed into a separate or pavilion type institute. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound composed out of three elements; calcium, carbon and oxygen, and we can describe it with the chemical formula CaCO3. In natural form, it is found mostly in rocks in every part of the world, in shells of marine animals, snails, eggshells etc. Humans have used calcium carbonate since prehistory, and it is used today in various branches of human activity, including medicine and pharmacy. Calcium carbonate is nowadays used as a drug from a group of drugs that affect the alimentary tract and metabolism. It is used in the treatment of hyperacidity, heartburn and flatulence symptoms, as well as in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia in renal patients. It is also used in the form of a dietary supplement, most useful for calcium supplementation, in people with low levels of calcium or in people that are in the risk group. It is often found in food where it appears in the form of a food additive, where it serves as a dye, nutrient, acidity regulator. In addition, calcium carbonate is today widely used in the pharmaceutical industry as an adjuvant, enabling the formation of medicinal preparations. In this paper, the role of calcium carbonate in the preservation of human health and disease prevention will be elaborated through the presentation of its use in various preparations related to human health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Searching for an answer whether medicine is a science or an art, especially in today's time when the emphasis is on the biotechnological aspects of treatment, the intention of this paper is to reflect on the outcomes of the encounter of medicine and art. Those that are recognised at least in the complementarity of the methodology, creating additional life values. By presenting authentic actions, this is a call for additional health improvement interventions, without allowing the biopsychosocial approach to human integrity to be forgotten. The inspiration for this view was the prestigious title of the European Capital of Culture that the Town of Rijeka was awarded for the year 2020. This city is also a kind of capital of health culture in many ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicine and physicians in Dubrovnik during the last two centuries, i.e. in the period after the dissolution of the Republic of Dubrovnik by Napoleon's Army, have attracted less interest among medical historians. In this paper, the lives and medical careers of two physicians from Dubrovnik, father and son, Baldo and Ante Bibica, have been reconstructed from the end of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century by searching through the contemporary medical journals and newspapers as well as private archives of the members of family Bibica. Baldo Bibica graduated medicine in Vienna and spent the whole professional life as a municipal physician, at first, in the places in the vicinity of Dubrovnik and from 1903 in Gruž. Ante Bibica studied medicine in Graz and in Zagreb to become the first person from Dubrovnik promoted at the School of Medicine, Zagreb University. He specialized in dermatovenereology in Vienna and worked, as a specialist, in Dubrovnik. They both were active in the professional medical societies (at local and national levels) and were influential in the social life in Dubrovnik. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last third of the nineteenth century, Buenos Aires physicians dealt extensively with hysterical pathology, especially among the female population. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the various theoretical fabrications elaborated by those professionals about the disease. After recognizing a first set of writings in which a certain morbid autonomy was not granted to the condition, the theoretical frameworks prevailing in the subsequent works are described in detail. Special attention is paid to clinical devices used by doctors in their practice, since it is assumed that those devices had a clear impact on the ways the pathology was understood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings forward some of many achievements of women scientists in the 20th and 21st century medicine. Their essential contributions changed the medical specialities to the present day. The first and perhaps best known laureate is Marie Sklodowska-Curie, who is also the only scientist to win two Nobel Prizes in two different sciences. In total, there were twelve women honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Some of them also showed interest in other fields, like ethics. The most remarcable traits of these female Nobel laureates were ambition, open-mindedness and patience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper brings forward some of many achievements of women scientists in the 20th and 21st century medicine. Their essential contributions changed the medical specialities to the present day. The first and perhaps best known laureate is Marie Sklodowska-Curie, who is also the only scientist to win two Nobel Prizes in two different sciences. In total, there were twelve women honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. Some of them also showed interest in other fields, like ethics. The most remarcable traits of these female Nobel laureates were ambition, open-mindedness and patience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although there are only three professions in the world: medicine, law and priesthood (the others are skills, crafts, occupations, etc.), the paper deals with only two of them, human medicine and medical law, regarding their joint actions and benefits that people can expect. In addition to perceiving of synergistic activities, the authors explore whether each state designs a correct national strategy in its health policy, whether it is aimed at developing a modern and contented health system, the improvement of the health quality of the population, extension of human life, application of modern medical knowledge and does it predict the up-to-date control of the use of available resources? While human medicine is being glorified because of the high quality of human health, medical law provokes contradictory opinions of general and professional public, since the laws, measures, regulations and other legal instruments are used in order to regulate the health system and to control its business processes. Many argue that this is an unnecessary, unprincipled, superfluous and irritating interference in the domain of medicine, which brings more damage than benefits. For them, the mentioned processes have purely medical character and therefore consider that their control (when necessary) can be performed exclusively by healthcare professionals, individually or through professional associations and / or chambers. Other authors deny the aforementioned opinions using arguments as: the rapid development of medical science, a large number of health institutions, sectors and services, and its strong dependence on economic, technical and legal logistics. The conflict of opinions is best negated by the practice, because medical law represents a very important compounder of the health system, since it protects the rights of insured and health workers and fosters the trust of citizens in human medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research in the field of health with the participation of social anthropology in Chile is scarce. On the other hand, studies in social sciences, whether funded by the state and / or universities, are usually not linked to concrete problems. In this context, this paper presents an experience of forming an interdisciplinary team that has tried to know the medical models of indigenous origin in the Chilean north and the strategies of attention to the diseases deployed by Aymara families. Its purpose is to address the problems faced by health and social sciences professionals, the constraints generated by specialized training to find solutions in specific situations, and the difficulties that arise for transdisciplinary research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brazilian guidelines for high school and several studies conducted in different countries have shown the importance of working in physics education the interrelations between the subject radiations and aspects of medicine/health. Thus, in order to understand how the literature of physics/science education area has addressed such relationships, we review papers published in 24 national and international journals, in two Brazilian conference proceedings (EPEFs and SNEFs) and in dissertations and theses produced in Brazilian graduate programs. We found 31 studies, four in EPEFs, fourteen in SNEFs, four in the journal Physics Education, one in the journal International Journal of Science Education, one in the journal Research in Science & Technological Education, one in the journal The Physics Teacher, one in the Brazilian journal Ensaio: Pesquisa em Educação em Ciências and five master's dissertations produced in the following universities: UFRGS, UFRJ, Unicamp and USP. In addition to synthesize each of the selected works, we systematize their contributions in three categories: I) Justifications for the teaching of radiations and specially to relate them to aspects of medicine/health; II) Considerations about didactic resources to address the issue; and III) Considerations about the results obtained from the application of educational proposals. We conclude that although the reviewed literature offers interesting contributions, there is still lack of empirical research on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives publicity to the article written by the physician and naturalist Francisco Freire Allemão de Cysneiros - present in Tomo II of the Archivo Medico Brasileiro de Medicina, Cirurgia e Sciencias Accessorias de 1845 -, referring to a research carried out with the Geissospermum vellosii (pau-pereira). In the study, Freire Allemão talks about the medical potentiality, the phytochemical components, the geographical distribution, as well as the taxonomic classification and morphological description of the species. The document is rare in nature, with only one copy available in the National Library Foundation and it is something of great importance regarding research on the history of science and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: this paper inquiries into a series of reflections produced by some of the founding voices of the Argentinian medical discourse between 1850 y 1930; it analyses in the conformation of the discursive object Argentine medicine through its related features, obstacles and challenges; and it examines the meaningful continuities that, all the way through these decades, have become recurrent in its conformation. Materials and methods: the materials are a corpus of medical-institutional discourses produced by Manuel Montes de Oca, Eduardo Wilde, José Ingenieros and Bernardo Houssay. In theoretical-methodological terms, the article relies on the History of Medicine and on the Discourse Analysis, discipline that studies the verbal dimension and the socio- institutional dimension of the discourses, in a simultaneous and reciprocal way. Results and conclusions: the analysis exposes the recurrence of certain elements in relation to the construction of an Argentinian medicine: a) the difficulties to produce and disseminate the local researches, but also the challenges in order to consolidate the authority of a national science; b) the problems with the foreign medicine and also with the foreign doctor; c) in discursive terms, the repetition of similar metaphors to refer the Argentine medicine always as future project: "a page to write", "a book to write", "a building to construct". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a discussion of some possible connections between medicine and Modernism in Pedro Nava's works. Instead of two separate experiences in the author's trajectory, we try to indicate how they are crossed in a series of significant encounters for both the doctor and the writer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of nanotechnology in medical practice has made possible great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases, with the subsequent increase in life expectancy. However, scanty knowledge on the science and its potentialities brings about an underexploited factor. The use of nanotechnological tools for the improvement of test images, drugs and biosensors seems to be one of the bases of modern medicine. Nanotechnology should transcend its futuristic stigma and be incorporated as part of the process in the evolution of basic and applied science, subsidizing all areas, medicine included. Studies on the understanding of nanotechnology bases and its applicability are instruments for the dissemination of the science, triggering a better positioning for researchers, students and health professionals with regard to future changes in medical practices. Current paper presents information on the scientific bases of nanotechnology by discussing its main applications in medicine. Results will be of use for a better understanding of potentialities in nanotechnology and will contribute towards health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]