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Submitted by Gabrieli Aparecida da Fonseca null (gabrieli.arq@gmail.com) on 2017-05-29T19:00:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de mestrado Gabrieli_defesa_final.pdf: 1283787 bytes, checksum: 67239c921de1952d5bd88c70555c70d3 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-31T16:41:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fonseca_ga_me_mar.pdf: 1283787 bytes, checksum: 67239c921de1952d5bd88c70555c70d3 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T16:41:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fonseca_ga_me_mar.pdf: 1283787 bytes, checksum: 67239c921de1952d5bd88c70555c70d3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-09 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The present dissertation deals with Archival Identification in Personal Papers, through the analysis of the specific situation in this file type, especially with regard to documentary production and recovery of principle of provenance. Thus, we seek to trace a brief history, conceptualization and analysis of Archival Identification indicated in the national and international literature, based on the research of Brazil and Spain. Also points up the relationship between the Archival Identification and the principles, functions and methods of Archival Science. Turning specifically to the case of personal papers, which have a remarkable difference in their composition. Thus, it is proposed to reflect the issues surrounding personal papers. It is thus a theoretical research that has as object the personal papers, following the Total Archives approach, which comprises the integration of the files and documentary treatment. It is thus possible to see how the theory is important in the development of practice, considering that design differences can result in different specific effects. In this sense, it is expected that the critical analysis grounded in theoretical basis of different understandings of Archival Identification and establishment of the Personal Papers can potentially contribute to the development of Archival science while science, including by making possible greater concreteness to practical application of archival doings. A presente dissertação trata a respeito da Identificação Documental em arquivos pessoais, através da análise das especificidades existentes nesse tipo de arquivo, especialmente no que se refere à produção documental e recuperação do princípio de proveniência. Assim, buscou-se traçar um breve histórico, conceituação e análise da Identificação Documental na literatura nacional e internacional, tomando como base as pesquisas de Brasil e Espanha. Ressalta-se também a relação existente entre a Identificação Documental e os princípios, funções e métodos da Arquivologia. Voltando-se especificamente para o caso dos arquivos pessoais, que apresentam um notável diferencial em sua composição. Dessa forma, propõe-se refletir sobre questões que envolvem os arquivos pessoais. Trata-se, de uma pesquisa teórica que tem como objeto os arquivos pessoais, seguindo a abordagem do Total Archives, a qual compreende a integração entre os arquivos e tratamento documental. Torna-se, assim, possível perceber o quanto a teoria é importante no desenvolvimento da prática, considerando que diferenças de concepção podem ocasionar efeitos concretos divergentes. Nesse sentido, espera-se que a análise crítica, embasada em fundamentação teórica dos diferentes entendimentos de Identificação Documental e da constituição dos arquivos pessoais, possa vir a contribuir, para a evolução da Arquivologia enquanto ciência, inclusive por tornar possível maior concretude à aplicação prática dos fazeres arquivísticos. CNPq: 130114/2017-0

The work-in-progress article explores the donation, arrangement, and description of the papers of the internationally renowned science fiction novelist and short story writer, Connie Willis, to the University of Northern Colorado. The project is ongoing at UNC, but the article provides a case study exploring the both the value of science fiction collections and the challenges presented in processing them.

Digital signatures is a small and relatively new subject in digital preservation. There has been substantial research made in how to technically preserve a digital signature. However the research regarding the implementation and surrounding practices are relatively unexplored. This thesis analyses documentation from Swedish public sector about digital signature, develop models that express practices, and evaluate them against current normative frameworks within the field of digital preservation. Different government agencies were queried for documentation, which were analysed with Grounded Theory and Policy analysis. This generated a set of models which can be used to implement digital signatures into an organisation. Here we find models for managing user identities, selecting signatures on the basis of document type, researching legal questions, managing personal information and user rights, and for organisation of an implementation project. This is a two years master’s thesis in Archival Science.

I look to the ways material text studies might be prompted by, and improve upon, thinking in new materialism. The result is that paper could be read for how histories and narratives seep into the paper record and require accounts of agentic materiality lest they be lost or muted. In what follows, I use stories about rag paper as points of departure for thinking about the material turn in both contemporary theoretical discourse and book history together. Both, I think, attempt to understand the meanings and effects of material actors. Taken together, however, they can provide greater insight into the meanings of texts as objects, and a more complete sense of what is in our archives. Finally, I argue that book history’s disciplinary habits of moving between a text’s material presence, or bibliographic code, and its linguistic code, might provide a model for literary critics pondering current theoretical work in new materialism and the agency of things.

The Gregory Peck papers at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences serve as a case study to demonstrate the value of a collection beyond its expected scope. In this case, four examples are used to highlight how the Peck papers move far beyond the confines of Hollywood by encompassing topics including Hawaii on the eve of its statehood, politics, international fan culture, and post-World War II Japan as seen through the lens of an American GI.

É notório o aumento recente do estudo dos arquivos pessoais, no âmbito de diversas áreas científicas. Este estudo, exploratório de natureza qualitativa, efetua uma reflexão crítica sobre o lugar que os arquivos pessoais ocupam na arquivística internacional, tendo por base o método de pesquisa e análise documental. Discute os termos e o conceito de arquivo pessoal, analisa o seu desenvolvimento desigual em distintos países e termina com a enumeração de algumas problemáticas. Conclui, que a sua valorização se deve à história, e mormente à história da vida privada., The recent increase in the research of personal archives is notorious, in the scope of several scientific areas. This exploratory and qualitative study carries out a critical reflection on the place that 'personal archives' occupy in international archival science / discipline, based on the method of documentary analysis. It discusses the terminology and the concept of 'personal archives', analyzes their uneven development in different countries and ends with a enumeration of some issues. It concludes that its valorization is due to history and, mainly, to the history of private life.

The recent increase in the research of personal archives is notorious, in the scope of several scientific areas. This exploratory and qualitative study carries out a critical reflection on the place that 'personal archives' occupy in international archival science / discipline, based on the method of documentary analysis. It discusses the terminology and the concept of 'personal archives', analyzes their uneven development in different countries and ends with a enumeration of some issues. It concludes that its valorization is due to history and, mainly, to the history of private life., É notório o aumento recente do estudo dos arquivos pessoais, no âmbito de diversas áreas científicas. Este estudo, exploratório de natureza qualitativa, efetua uma reflexão crítica sobre o lugar que os arquivos pessoais ocupam na arquivística internacional, tendo por base o método de pesquisa e análise documental. Discute os termos e o conceito de arquivo pessoal, analisa o seu desenvolvimento desigual em distintos países e termina com a enumeração de algumas problemáticas. Conclui, que a sua valorização se deve à história, e mormente à história da vida privada.

(Article forthcoming) This paper will discuss the theoretical framework and approach to educating archivists in the Clayton State Master of Archival Studies (MAS) program. The MAS program is an entirely online program based in the state of Georgia in the U.S. Across the curriculum of the MAS, we approached developing our curriculum to ensure that students engage with social justice issues through wrestling with archival silences. Through creating a theoretical framework, class discussion activities, and assignments, our hope is for our students to be prepared to engage with issues of representation in archival collections once they are in the field. This paper explains the basis for our approach and provides example assignments which other institutions can use as inspiration for their archival education curriculum. For many, archival education emphasizes fundamentals. Archival educators and professionals seem most concerned with educating new archivists on topics such as how to preserve materials, how to provide access, and how to acquire materials. These activities are the work of archivists, but emphasis on the technical disguises the complexities of cultural, economic, and social issues that surround archival work. Technical archival work often silences the voices of many groups found within our collections through emphasizing standardization and mechanics of archival work. Student archivists need exposure to discussions that go beyond the technical. The MAS program does this by encouraging students to engage with the silences that occur during our work.

In another paper in this special issue, we explored how the sharing economy was understood and promoted by researchers in Japan and Sweden, respectively. In this second paper, which is based on two separate archival studies, we proceed by focusing on how the concept is used and understood in the political sphere by politicians and policymakers in the two contexts. On a general level, the sharing economy is understood as an economic model based on the acquisition, provision, and sharing of goods and services, facilitated by digital platforms. This study concludes that within the political spheres in Japan and Sweden there are, however, many different more specific understandings of and assumptions related to the concept. For example, the sharing economy is primarily promoted as a tool for economic revitalization and growth in Japan, while in Sweden its environmental benefits are emphasized. In Japan, there seems to be more consensus around what the sharing economy is, what its main effects are, and how it should be promoted. In Sweden, political parties instead advance different understandings of, and assumptions related to, the sharing economy to advance their political agendas. While the concept has been successfully translated in Japan by powerful political institutions and actors, we argue that the concept remains open to many different interpretations in Sweden.

The goal of the paper is to study the activity of the party archives of the Communist Party of Ukraine (the CPU) in 1960-1980, aimed at creating sets of documents about the Second World War - the documents of personal origin and thematic collections; to determine the main principles that guided the archival institutions while conducting the selection of fund-forming agents and documents which in their opinion were supposed to adequately reflect the Second World War events; to characterize the directions of search, archeographic and publishing work of Soviet archivists; to analyse the information content, completeness, and reliability of the created sets of documents, the consequences of the party archives' activity for the historical memory of the Second World War events. Research methodology. In the course of the research, general scientific and specific historical methods of source and archival heuristics, scientific criticism of sources, diplomatic, textual, and hermeneutical analysis were used. Scientific novelty. The paper introduces the previously unpublished documents on the history of party archives into scientific discourse and reveals the technologies for falsifying the Second World War history at the level of archival institutions during the specified period.Conclusions. In the course of the research, it was found out that the document collections were made in violation of the principles of archival science, which led to the shaping of the Soviet myth of the Great Patriotic War. However, as a result of their activities, the archivists accumulated a lot of interesting historical material, which was not made public due to ideological principles and it creates a certain field for contemporary studies on the history of the Second World War.

The purpose of the study is to develop a version of the periodization of the Universal history of archives, taking into account the civilizational approach and the evolution of the data medium. The research methodology is based on the proposals of the Soviet-Russian historian-archivist Eugeny Starostin concerning the significance of the data medium for periodization of the Universal history of archives and the ideas of civilizationists. The scientific research is new in the development of the periodization of the Universal history of archives in a horizontal plane, which takes into consideration the interaction and mutual influences of civilizations as well as demonstrates the results of their archival efforts. Also, the author identifies a data medium typical for each civilization. Conclusion. Applying a civilizational approach to develop the periodization of the Universal history of archives, scientists are not limited to building linear (rising) models with rigid links between components. Since each civilization is a unique, autonomous, self-sufficient, and self-governing system, it is possible to create a horizontal model of the periodization of the history of archives. In this case, the scholars can integrate more civilizations in the horizontal model or separate them into subgroups without difficulty. Human history demonstrates the mutual influence of civilizations; civilizational conflicts often have devastating consequences in the field of preserving the collective human memory and transferring it to future generations. Sometimes, civilizations destroy their historical heritage voluntarily. However, in general, the archives are often taken away by the implacable brutality of the time. In this context, the nature of the information data medium plays a decisive role in the periodization of the Universal history of archives. The function of documents storage is mainly determined by the nature of the data media. In the presented version of the periodization, 10 civilizations are taken into account, including the modern civilization. Each possessed specific typical data media identified below. Thus, the offered version of periodization is as follows: «the epoch of clay tablets» – Mesopotamian civilization (6000–300 BC); «the epoch of papyrus» – Egyptian civilization (5500–300 BC); «the epoch of the wooden tabula» – Greco-Roman (classical) civilization (1500 (1100) BC – (500) 600 AD); «the epoch of steatite tablets» – the Indus Valley (Harappa) civilization (3700–1300 BC); «the epoch of bamboo slips» – the Ancient Chinese Civilization (2000 BC – 400 AD); «the epoch of Amate» – the Mesoamerican civilization (1000 BC – 1550 AD); «the epoch of khipu» – the Andean civilization (3700–1800 BC); «the epoch of tanned parchment» – the Byzantine civilization (395–1453); «the epoch of paper» – Northwest Old World (Western, Orthodox and Islamic) civilization (from Christmas to the end of XX cent.); «the epoch of digital data medium» – modern civilization (from the late XXth – early XXI cent. and going). References: Albedil, M. F. (1994). Protoindiiskaia tsivilizatsiia: ocherki kultury [Proto-Indian civilization: essays on culture]. Moskva: Vostochnaia literatura. [in Russian]. Arbagi, M. (2011). The Catholic Church and the preservation of Mesoamerican archives: an assessment. Archival Issues, 33(2), 112–120. [in English]. Bautier, R.-H. (1970). La phase cruciale de l’histoire des archives: la constitution des depos d’archives et la naissance de l’archivistique (XVIe – debut du XIXe siecle) [A decisive stage in the history of archives: the creation of archival repositories and the emergence of archival science (16th – early 19th centuries)]. Archivum, XVIII(1968), 139–149. [in French]. Brenneke, A. (1968). Archivistica. Contributo Alla Teoria ed Alla Storia Archivistica Europea [Archival science. Contribution to the theory and the research of history of European archives]. Milano. [in Italian]. Casanova, E. (1928). Archivistica. [Archival science] (2nd ed.). Siena. [in Italian]. Fournet, J.-L. (2018). Archives and Libraries in Greco-Roman Egypt. In Sabine Kienitz, Michael Friedrich, Christian Brockmann & Alessandro Bausi (Ed.), Manuscripts and Archives: Comparative Views on Record-Keeping (pp. 171–200). De Gruyter. [in English]. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110541397-006 Friedrich, M. (2018). The Birth of the Archive: A History of Knowledge (John Noel Dillon, Translator). Ann Arbor. [in English]. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.9394529 Joshi, J. P. & Parpola, A. (Ed.) (1987). Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions (Vol. 1). Collections in India. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. [in English]. Lodolini, E. (1991). Lineamenti di storia dell»archivistica italiana. Dalle origini alla meta del secolo XX [The analytical review of the Italian history of archives. From the beginning intil the middle of the XX century]. [in Italian]. Lodolini, E. (2018). Storia dell’archivistica italiana. Dal mondo antico alla meta del secolo XX [The history of Italian archival science. From the ancient world until the middle of the XX century]. Franco Angeli. [in Italian]. Menshikov, A. V. (2009). Arhivy Vizantii X–XV vekov [Archives of Byzantium in X–XV centuries] (Candidate’s thesis). Moskva. [in Russian]. Montevecchi, O. (1988). La papirologia [Papyrology]. Vita e Pensiero. [in Italian]. Parpola, A., Pande, B. M. & Koskikallio, P. (2010). Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions (Vol. 3). New materials, untraced objects, and collections outside India and Pakistan. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. [in English]. Posner, E. (1972). Archives in the Ancient World. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. [in English]. Rodriguez de, D. J. L. (1998). Evolucion historica del expediente [The historical evolution of legal proceedings]. Anuario de historia del derecho espanol, 68, 475–490. [in Spanish]. Sandri, L. (1958). La storia degli archive [The history of archives]. Istituto Polografico dello Stato. [in Italian]. Shan, S. G. M. & Parpola, A. (Ed.) (1991). Corpus of Indus Seals and Inscriptions (Vol. 2). Collections in Pakistan. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia. [in English]. Staack, T. (2016, April). Reconstruction of Early Chinese Bamboo and Wood Manuscripts: A Review (1900–2010). University Hamburg: Centre for the study of manuscript cultures. Retrieved from http://www.manuscript-cultures.uni-hamburg.de/papers_e.html [in English]. Starostin, E. V. (1997). Zarubezhnoe arhivovedenie [International archival science]. Moskva: IAI RGGU. [in Russian]. Starostin, E. V. (1999). Metodologiia istorii arhivov: periodizatsiia [The methodology of the history of archives: periodization]. Otechestvennyie arhivy, 6, 4–12. [in Russian]. Urton, G. (2017) Inka history in knots, reading Khipus as primary sources. Austin. [in English]. Veenhof, K. R. (1986). Cuneiform Archives and Libraries. Abstract of Papers ‘83: The 30th Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale Leiden. Nederlands Instituut voor het Nabije Oosten, Leiden. [in English]. Wa, Ye. & Esherick, J. W. (1996). Chinese Archives. An Introductory Guide. Berkeley: Institute of East Asian Studies University of California. [in English].

Physicists in academic institutions utilize a variety of resources and strategies to seek, find, and use scholarly information and news. Using a sample of physicists, researchers surveyed 182 students and faculty at seven Canadian university institutions to explore self-perceived success rates, resources consulted, databases used, and use of social media and citation management systems. To complement the survey, 11 follow up interviews/focus groups were completed with participants to further uncover information-seeking behaviors, choices, strategies, and feelings around keeping up to date with information needs. According to survey results, a minority of physicists (15.4%) acknowledged that they were successfully keeping up to date. However, a significant number of physicists (28.6%) indicated that they were unsuccessful and could do better in remaining current with information needs. Co-investigators, using qualitative analyses, identified four emergent themes: (1) There are “too many papers – and not enough time” to effectively search, evaluate and read scholarly papers of interest; (2) Staying up to date is important especially in competitive research areas; (3) Graduate students seek information differently than faculty and experienced researchers; and (4) The arXiv database is important to many physicists. Additional minor themes included physics-related publishing is constantly evolving; physicists use a variety of information-seeking behaviors; and, information-seeking methods can differ between physics subdisciplines. This study aims to shed light on opportunities for academic librarians to identify and meet physicists’ evolving information behaviors, attitudes, choices, and needs.

This paper investigates the Swedish emergency readiness and how it acts in a state of war forgovernmental archival institutes. The purpose of this study is to examine how the archivalinstitutes of the government act during war time, to further give an insight of how preparedthe Swedish National Archives and The Royal Library are in regarding to emergency of war,to preserve the archive itself. A qualitative textual analysis and survey results have been takenin use to answer the purpose of the study and its question at issue, through a context analysisof the empirical material gathered from both institutes. The method of use is based on textualanalysis and the theoretical approach applied is the theory of political contingency in regardsto division of responsibility. The content analysis of the gathered information consists of threedifferent types of source material: general knowledge of archival/library/museum institutes,scriptures from The National Archives and The Royal Library, as well as survey results.The result of the study demonstrates an inconsistency in the form of vague or scantformulations with regards to the responsibility of the archival institutes and the manner oftheir resource allocation. In this paper a theory emerges that with a rather great probability theresources within archival/library/museum institutes are scarce in regards to readiness, whichmost likely is due to the theory that the readiness during peacetime has been severely lackingfor decades.In conclusion it has been demonstrated that the need for concrete information regardingreadiness for emergencies or war is highly required from governmental agencies. All in all,this study has identified the need of additional research with focus on archival institutes in theevent of war.

With the decline of social services in welfare states, libraries have come to represent the final frontier of democracy amongst privatizing public institutions. This view of libraries is especially prevalent in the media but is more carefully analyzed in critical LIAS (library, information, and archival studies). Because of the urgency of the position that librarianship holds in our society, social-justice-oriented perspectives have flourished in the library setting. This paper overviews the state of radical librarianship in Canada through a collection and analysis of resources on said subject. It argues for the importance of theoretical thinking in radical librarianship, that challenges the epistemological paradigms that dominate LIAS and acknowledges the ongoing institutional violence perpetuated by the library and information sector. With respect to the value of intellectual labour, the intention of this paper is to encourage further inquiry into the subject of radical librarianship so as to continue nurturing these pockets of dissent.

Physical learning, communication, and collaboration have taken a colossal hit in 2019 and 2020 with cascading lockdowns resulting from the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Virtual access has become the need-of-the-hour, and the uses of cloud-based course content delivery, distance learning, and document collaboration are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. This paper introduces a novel method to allow students and faculty in the Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences (HASS) to collaborate and interact through data analytical technologies using "interactive Digital Computational Notebooks" (iDCNs). We demonstrate this approach using a digitized Legacy of Slavery (LoS) archival dataset collection from the Maryland State Archives (MSA) and illustrate the socio-technical challenges in establishing this learning environment. We provide a step-by-step process involved in accessing, developing, and integrating different infrastructure elements. The LoS in Maryland is a major initiative of the MSA. The program seeks to preserve and promote the vast universe of experiences that have shaped the lives of Maryland’s African American population. Over the last 18 years, some 420,000 individuals have been identified, and data assembled into 16 major databases. These databases contain information unique to enslaved people’s lives, such as manumission records, certificates of freedom, census data, penitentiary records, etc. One of this paper’s primary objectives is to enable the digital representation of these culturally rich and sensitive collections ready to be analyzed and studied through contemporary scholars’ lenses. This project aims to achieve this goal by making these databases available and accessible so that users can generate individual stories, glean insights, and possibly recover “erased” memories of enslaved people. To achieve this goal, as a first step, unique dataset collections were prepared by downloading the databases and put through rigorous exploration, cleaning, and visualization process through coordination with interdisciplinary scholars composed of archivists, historians, computer scientists, and technology analysts. This project also illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to a unique set of digitized archival data with a specific focus on contextual aspects due to the data’s historical value and sensitivity. The collaborative process used open-source and readily accessible tools to create meaningful visualizations as an arrangement that flows together conducive for educators to teach. The visualizations use the spatial and temporal characteristics of the datasets to produce graphs and charts for a graphical view of the datasets. The visualizations constructed are responsive to present the data by instant connections to the datasets dynamically. The integration of these digital artifacts obtained from each dataset was carried out through Jupyter Notebooks (JNs). These iDCNs are unlike the traditional digital notebooks that provide a space for students to take notes and collect clippings of text. Instead, the iDCNs developed in this project are a novel set of educational tools that allow text and software code to co-exist and be rendered in a single document coherently for instructors and students to follow the text with visual representations back-to-back. The iDCNs are also equipped with live examples of basic natural language processing on certain text-rich features of these dataset collections. The open-source nature of this project’s setup and cloud-based distribution of these digital artifacts pave the way for students from under-served communities to take advantage of a unique way of learning and to perform hands-on work on marketable software tools, preparing them for a successful career. The contributions of this paper to the fields of HASS and other non-STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) backgrounds lie in the idea of providing an “always-on” cloud-based pedagogical environment for aspiring students and researchers worldwide to analyze, learn and unearth stories through a data science-driven approach on a cultural dataset, in our case, the LoS dataset collection. Keywords: Computational Thinking, Interactive Digital Computational Notebooks, Computational Archival Science, Cloud-based digital learning

Context The importance of justice is increasingly recognized in environmental policy making. Research on environmental justice offers an important perspective on landscape transformations, both natural and social. Objectives This paper asks how current work on environmental justice might contribute to the development of socio-environmental knowledge of the biophysical landscape. The paper explores the relations between environmental justice thinking and the production of a distinctively capitalist landscape. Methods The paper builds on a review of environmental justice and landscape literature and, for the empirical part, on archival studies and secondary sources. Results The paper shows that there remains a disjunction between landscape studies and the environmental justice literature. It provides a theoretically informed approach of bringing together environmental justice scholarship with the transformations of a contested and distinctively capitalist landscape. By studying changes in woodlands and wetlands on the island of Gotland, Sweden, it uncovers a process of the production of landscape that elicits “deep” historical geographies of environmental justice. The massive exploitation of wetlands and forests shows how an approach encompassing environmental justice in conjunction with forms of resource exploitation and conservation can help grasp changes in the landscape.

In this paper the author is convinced that today is the time when archival science can be defined in detail or even redefined. In professional archival literature we can find many definitions of archival science, which we can accept or take knowledge of without problems. If we analyze these definitions, we will, as a result, determine whether these definitions are still really appropriate for present time.The new definition of archival science was primarily referred to by the results of the preparation of materials for the accreditation of study programs in archival science (Ist degree - Bachelor's degree), archival science and records management (2nd degree - master of archival science and documentology) and archival science (3rd degree-doctor of archival science) at Alma Mater Europaea - European Center Maribor.The author in this paper is trying to redefine the basic definition of archival science. Therefore, the author makes the following statement: "Archival science is an independent, academic, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary science".Historical overview of definitions is interesting because of the prespectives it gives on archival science. Often, archival science relies on historical or social sciences, and recently to information science.

In their 2016 article, “From Human Rights to Feminist Ethics: Radical Empathy in the Archives,” Michelle Caswell and Marika Cifor posit four “affective responsibilities” for archives and archivists: “the relationship[s] between archivist and record creator, between archivist and record subject, between archivist and user, and between archivist and larger communities.” This paper posits an additional responsibility, between archivist and archivist. There is, as Caswell and Cifor put it, a “web of mutual responsibility” within the professional archives community that has become a central focal point in many discussions and, at the same time, continues to be ignored in maintenance of the status quo. Archivists place a great deal of focus on temporary and term positions, low pay in archival jobs, and unpaid internships, but little focus has been placed on the “ethics of care” that should be at the core of managerial relationships. In this paper, archival managers and current and former temporary workers and interns look at the state of how archival internships are managed. Here, the authors propose instilling the ideals of radical empathy into all aspects of these relationships.

Ovaj rad kvantitativnom i kvalitativnom analizom znanstveno-stručnog časopisa Arhivski vjesnik u razdoblju od 1899. do 2017. godine daje uvid u razvoj arhivistike prema suvremenoj znanosti. Sveukupno, istraživanje prati razvoj arhivistike kao znanstvene discipline kroz analizu triju razdoblja. U prvom razdoblju, od 1899. do 1945. godine, sadržajno se analiziraju objavljeni članci u vremenu kada je časopis obrađivao isključivo povijesne teme. U drugom razdoblju, od 1958. do 1980. godine, sadržajno se analiziraju radovi od kada je časopis dostupan na portalu Hrčak. Prva dva razdoblja (1899. – 1945. i 1958. – 1980.) istražena su sadržajnom analizom relevantnih radova, posebice uredničkih uvodnika koji su, s obzirom na tu da upućuju na uredničku politiku, najrelevantniji za utvrđivanje usmjerenja i opsega ovog časopisa pa tako i hrvatske arhivistike. Sadržajna analiza implicira čvrste okosnice preko kojih se bilježe podatci radi kasnije usporedbe i rezultata. Primarne okosnice prema kojima su članci obilježavani uključuju razliku između povijesnog, tradicionalno-arhivističkog i digitalno-arhivističkog usmjerenja. Treće razdoblje, od 1981. do 2017. godine, analizirano je sadržajno, ali i scientometrijskim metodama i alatima, s prijelomnom 1984. godinom, kada je utemeljena Katedra za arhivistiku i dokumentalistiku Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu te se usporedo s tim događajem povezuje i razvoj suvremene arhivistike kao znanstvene discipline. Navedenim razdobljima prethodi statistička analiza i analitika razdoblja od 1899. do 1945. godine, koje daje uvid u strukturu časopisa, ukupan broj naslova i radova, autorstva te opseg časopisa prema uredničkim politikama. Od 2001. do 2017. godine članci se istražuju i analiziraju posebno razvijenom kategorizacijom u tri koraka kako bi se pružio uvid u razvoj suvremene, posebno digitalne, tematike. Precizniju analizu zadane tematike omogućilo je i sustavno uvrštavanje ključnih riječi koje je započelo 2000. godine, čija je klasifikacija prikazana kroz frekventnost u člancima. Godina 2001. odabrana je kao početak ovog razdoblja radi formiranja novog uredništva Arhivskog vjesnika te održavanja prvog Kongresa hrvatskih arhivista i upravo u tom razdoblju provedene su najbogatije analize. Ukupan korpus objavljenih digitaliziranih publikacija, za predmetno razdoblje od 1899. do 2017. godine, obuhvaća 2471 članak. Zadnje razdoblje (1981. – 2017.) istraženo je na isti način kao i prijašnja radi usporedbe, ali dodatno ispitano scientometrijskim metodama i indikatorima koji uključuju autorstvo radova, produktivnost autora i najproduktivnije autori, mreže suradnje među autorima, vrste radova, opseg radova te jezik radova. Navedene analize provedene na cijelom spomenutom razdoblju rezultate i raspravu u zaključku prikazuju longitudinalno na dvjema razinama: prva je razina od 1958. do 1984., a druga od 1985. do 2017. godine. Prijelomna, 1984. godina odabrana je zato što je tada utemeljena Katedra za arhivistiku na Odsjeku na informacijske i komunikacijske znanosti kako bi se dodale informacije za interpretaciju razvoja arhivistike kao discipline. Dodatno, u dijelu zadnjeg razdoblja (2001. – 2017.) metodološki razvijena kategorizacija omogućila je uvid u zastupljenost određenih standardiziranih temeljnih koncepata suvremene arhivistike, koji, uz tradicionalne, uključuju i nove koncepte kao što su: digitalizacija, informatizacija, očuvanje autentičnosti digitalnih zapisa, proces digitalnog očuvanja, digitalni arhivi i dr. Pri tome se posebna pozornost pridodaje prelasku u digitalno umreženo okruženje. Članci sadržajnog istraživanja označeni su na temelju naslova, sažetaka i ključnih riječi. U slučaju nedoumica, pregledani su i cjeloviti tekstovi radova. Navedeni pristup stručne kvalitativne procjene usmjerenja članaka omogućio je da se sve već navedene scientometrijske okosnice provedu zasebno unutar svake dobivene skupine članaka. Budući da su dobiveni istim determinističkim procesom, tako dobiveni izvještaji izravno su usporedivi. Navedeno istraživanje pruža uvid u arhivističke specijalizacije te u razlike (ili njihov manjak) u publikacijskim i uredničkim aktivnostima te značajnim autorima i institucijama iz kojih dolaze. Kvalitativna istraživačka analiza Arhivskog vjesnika, u ovom radu, sastoji se od niza statističkih procedura koje se temelje na sakupljanju dihotomnih podataka, to jest onih podataka koji mogu poprimiti vrijednost 0 (članak koji nema dodanu vrijednost za arhivistiku) i 1 (članak koji ima dodanu vrijednost za arhivistiku). Ove su tehnike prikladne ondje gdje se ključne riječi i zadani entiteti mogu lakše izbrojiti ili razvrstati nego izmjeriti. Same su tehnike numerički bazirane. U ovom istraživanju kvalitativne rekonstrukcije suvremene arhivistike počivaju na tekstualnim zapisima koji sadržavaju stručne termine koji prikazuju razdoblja razvoja arhivistike od povijesti arhivske struke do arhivistike kao suvremene znanosti. Glavni indikatori za postizanje cilja kvalitativnim istraživanjem razvrstani su u dvije faze. U prvoj fazi istraživanja (1958. – 2017.) analizirano je sedam osnovnih pokazatelja formalnih obilježja Arhivskog vjesnika: politika uredništva, sadržajna struktura, ukupan broj članaka, ukupan broj autora, ukupan broj vrsta radova, opseg članaka i jezici publiciranja. U drugoj fazi istraživanja (1958. – 2017.) analizirano je sedam predmetnih obilježja znanstvenih članka koja trebaju odgovarati sadržaju teksta: naslov, sažetak, ključne riječi, izvorni znanstveni rad, pregledni rad, stručni rad, izlaganje sa znanstvenog skupa. Primarne su okosnice ovog rada u istraživačko-sadržajnoj analizi časopisa Arhivski vjesnik te prvobitno uključuju razliku između arhivistike i arhivistike u digitalnome okruženju. This thesis will give an insight into the development of archival science as contemporary science through the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the journal Bulletin d'archives in the period from 1899. to 2017. Overall, research will follow the development of archival science as a scientific discipline through an analysis of three periods. In the first period, from 1899. to 1945., the published articles will be analysed in the period when the journal was dealing exclusively with historical topics. In the second period, from 1958 to 1980, content will be analysed starting from the first year available from the Hrcak portal. The first two periods (1899. - 1945. and 1958. - 1980.) were explored by content analysis of relevant works, particularly editorial editorials, which, since they point to editorial policy, are most relevant to determining the scope and scope of this journal, including Croatian archivistics. The content analysis implies a solid backbone through which data is recorded for later comparison and analysis. The primary framework under which articles are marked include the difference between historical, traditional-archivist and digital-archivist orientation. The third period, from 1981. to 2017., was analyzed by content, but also with scientometric methods and tools, with a breakthrough in 1984. when it was founded by the Department of Archives and Documentary at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Zagreb, and paralel to this event it also links the development of contemporary archivistics as a scientific discipline. The above mentioned periods are preceded by statistical analysis and analysis of the period from 1899. to 1945., which gives insight into the structure of the journal, the total number of titles and works, authorship and the scope of the journal according to editorial policy. From 2001. to 2017., articles are being explored to analyze a specially developed three-step categorization to provide insight into the development of contemporary, particularly digital themes. A more precise analysis of the topic was also possible to systematically incorporate keywords that began in 2000., the classification of which is presented through the frequency of articles. The year 2001. was chosen as the beginning of this period for the formation of the new editorial office of the Archives and the maintenance of the first Congress of Croatian Archives, and in this period the most extensive analyzes were carried out. The total corpus of published digitized publications, for the period from 1899. to 2017., includes 2471 articles. The last period (1981. - 2017.) was explored in the same way as the previous comparison, but further examined by the scientometric methods and indicators that include authorship of works, author's productivity and the most productive authors, network of authors, types of works, scope of work and language works. The above-mentioned analyzes carried out throughout the mentioned period have the results and discussion in the conclusion presented longitudinally at two levels: the first level is from 1958. to 1984. and the second level is from 1985. to 2017. The selection of the breakthrough in 1984. was that the Department of Archival Sciences at the Department of Information and Communication Sciences was founded. to provide information for the interpretation of the development of archivistics as a discipline. Additionally, in the part of the last period (2001. - 2017.) the methodologically developed categorization provided an insight into the representation of certain standardized basic concepts of contemporary archivistics, which, in addition to traditional, includes new concepts such as digitization, computerization, digital document authentication, digital process preservation, digital archives etc. At this point, special attention is given to the transition to a digital networked environment. Content research articles marked by titles, summaries, and keywords. In case of doubt, full texts of the works were also consulted. These approach to professional qualitative assessment of the direction of the articles has enabled the already mentioned scientometric bases to be implemented separately within each group of articles obtained. Since they were obtained by the same deterministic process, the reports thus obtained are directly comparable. This research provides insight into archivist specialization and the differences (or their lack) in publishing and editorial activities as well as significant authors and institutions from which they come from. The qualitative research analysis of the Bulletin d'archives, in this paper, consists of a series of statistical procedures based on the collection of dichotomous data, that is, those data that can reach the value of 0 (an article that does not have value for archivistics) and 1 (an article which has added value for archivistics). These techniques are appropriate where keywords and default entities can be more easily counted or sorted than measured. The same techniques are numerically based. In this research of qualitative reconstruction of contemporary archivistics, they are based on textual records containing expert terms depicting periods of archival development from archival history to archivistics as modern science. The main indicators for achieving the goal by qualitative research are divided into two phases: In the first phase of the research (1958. - 2017.), seven basic indicators of the formal features of the Bulletin d'archives were analyzed: editorial policy, content structure, total number of articles, total number of authors, total number of works, scope of articles and publication language. In the second phase of the research (1958. - 2017.), seven subject-specific characteristics of scientific articles were analyzed, which should correspond to the content of the text: title, abstract, keywords, original scientific paper, review work and professional work. The primary cornerstones of this work are in the research-content analysis of the journal Bulletin d'archives and originally include the difference between archivistcs and archivistcs in the digital environment.