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Objective To summarize the survival outcomes of 34 cases of liver transplantation, and analyze the influencing factors for the long-term survival outcomes after liver transplantation. Methods Thirty-four patients who underwent liver transplantation in our hospital from September 2002 to August 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the complications and causes of death were analyzed. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 82.8%, 64.4%, and 50.9%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates between Child-Pugh class A and B/C patients (P=0.756; P=0.486; P=0.261). There were significant differences in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates between patients undergoing deceased donor liver transplantation and live donor liver transplantation (P=0.01; P=0.006; P=0.006). Conclusion Elective liver transplantation can achieve a good clinical outcome. Recurrent liver cancer, biliary anastomotic strictures, and immunosuppressive side effects are the influencing factors for the long-term survival outcomes after liver transplantation in this study.