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• A three-dimensional balance model of resource and environment bearing capacity was established. • The key technical breakthrough of resource and environment carrying capacity from classification to synthesis was realized. • Integrated resource and environment carrying capacity based on the perspective of SDGs. Resources and environment carrying capacity is the key to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study takes SDGs as the research perspective, taking the Southwest Guangxi Karst-Beibu Gulf as a typical research area, takes counties as the research unit, creates a three-dimensional balance model of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and carried out a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of resource and environmental carrying capacity in this area. It reveals the warning grade of different regions in the transitional space of mountains, rivers and seas, and provides a scientific basis for the construction of ecological civilization and implementation of sustainable development goals in China. Results showed that the natural factors of the human settlement environment will greatly affect the resources and the environment carrying capacity. Water and soil resources and the risk of natural disasters have already restricted resources and the environment. A low level of social and economic development will also reduce the improvement of resources and environmental carrying capacity. More than half of the warning levels of resource and environmental carrying capacity in the study area are in a balanced state. Although the comprehensive carrying capacity of resources and environment has declined, it is in good condition. The focus areas are still the karst mountains in Baise and Chongzuo. Coastal areas of the Beibu Gulf should continue to pay attention to the rational use of land resources and the prevention of natural disasters. Human beings can adjust factors such as water and soil resources, ecological environment, economic framework and social foundation to achieve continuous utilization of regional resources and environment and continuous progress of composite systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]