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This article asks whether the slow process of divesting Indian native schoolteachers of their traditional authority was only about new concepts and representations of education and knowledge. Following the methodological idea of constellations of affordances, emphasising a relational ontology, the article discusses whether changes in the shape and the relations of objects in Indian classrooms together with the arrival of new objects may have played a silent role in the process of erosion of schoolteachers' authority. Based on a wide range of official and missionary sources, but also referring to individual native voices, the article reconstructs more pervasive and subtle transformations of native elementary classrooms, focusing on surfaces for writing and on "books". The article argues that shifts in the materialities of elementary native schooling took place that repositioned old "gurus" in an unfavourable light before the take-off of teacher training institutions would provide for new definitions of their role as schoolmasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entire world seems to have responded to COVID-19 pandemic in a knee-jerk manner with a short mindset without building on the existing strengths of public health infrastructure. National governments cannot be blamed for this as we are dealing with a crisis that comes once in a lifetime. Realising this, the Organized Medicine Academic Guild (OMAG) an association of major health associations in this country has suggested measures for long-term solutions to COVID-19-like pandemics in the form of a policy paper by OMAG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study on reading habits among higher secondary school students is a paper thought to access the use of library service and reading habits of higher secondary school students the findings from the table are differentiated into various categories and the table shows that the most of the students are very much enjoyable in reading books with fervor. therefore the study concluded that the reading habits of secondary school students should be given rapt attention because of the imminent danger of losing reading habits in the era of information & communication technology. the study recommends that there must be a fixed time for reading a variety of reading material that will appeal to students and that adopting different methods to arouse the interest of students could enhance their reading habit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]