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Objective We sought to inspect the role of AMD3100, which acts as an antagonist of stromal cell–derived factor-1/CXC chemokine receptor 4 on the formation of neointima in rabbit saccular aneurysm after flow diverter (FD) treatment. Methods Twenty saccular aneurysm models were established by using porcine pancreatic elastase. Three weeks later, a Tubridge FD was implanted into the saccular aneurysm. All treated models were immediately divided into 2 groups: the AMD3100 group was subcutaneously injected with AMD3100 (5 mg/kg per day), while the control group received saline. Morphology and thickness of the neointima were investigated 2 and 4 weeks after FD treatment, using hard tissue section and masson trichrome staining. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe endothelial-like cells, and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine mRNA expression of neointima biomarkers, such as kinase insert domain receptor, VE-cadherin, CD34, and Tie2. Results Two and 4 weeks after FD treatment, the AMD3100 group had more endothelial-like cells than the control group in the neointima. Masson trichrome staining showed that the neointima in the AMD3100 group was more intact and thicker than that in the control group. Furthermore, increased mRNA levels of kinase insert domain receptor, VE-cadherin, and Tie2 in the neointima were found in the AMD3100 group compared with the control group. Conclusions Interval use of AMD3100 promotes the formation of neointima in rabbit saccular aneurysm and facilitates the endothelialization of the neointima after FD treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]