Search

Ancient Chinese civilisation developed two ideas about the ordering of large human spaces. The first was tianxia or 'all under heaven', the inclusive and cosmopolitan world as a whole, with no exterior, and governance on the basis of shared values and benefits, which first shaped statecraft in the Western Zhou dynasty (1047–1771 BCE). Second, the centralised nation-state which emerged in the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE). Both strands have been influential through Chinese history. In the last twenty years discussion of tianxia has revived, especially through Zhao Tingyang, stimulated by globalisation and the need for practical relations beyond the nation state. This paper proposes one version of tianxia as a heuristic for understanding, rethinking and remaking ethical relations in worldwide higher education. It reviews different understandings of tianxia in China, identifies a world-centred (rather than China-centred) tianxia , and discusses the potentials of tianxia in higher education. Tianxia is appropriate to world higher education because of its spatiality and its ethical commitment to universal benefit in diverse settings on the basis of mutual respect. The article suggests four clusters of relational values that could constitute a tianxia order in higher education, and compares tianxia to existing practices of globalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since China entered the Xi Jinping Era, the CPC has formally put forward a series of significant theories on China's future development path, including Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. These theories have sparked active discussions and responses within both domestic and international academic and theoretical circles. This paper argues that when analyzing the major relationships between Chinese civilization and other civilizations worldwide, the Chinese path to modernization and the modern civilization of the Chinese Nation, and Chinese culture and its constituent ethnic cultures, we should further elucidate relationships and adhere to the three foundational principles: subjectivity, the contemporaneity of Chinese culture, and the arterial and leading attributes of Chinese culture, which encapsulate the core issues in fostering the modern civilization of Chinese Nation. A proper understanding and nuanced handling of these issues not only bolsters the perpetuation and evolution of China's excellent traditional culture but also propels the trajectory of the Chinese path to modernization and the overarching construction of the modern civilization of Chinese Nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eco-civilization, as a civilizational discourse led by China, implies the next stage of civilization after industrial civilization, the essence of which is to respect, conform to, and protect nature. Although the international community is paying more attention to eco-civilization, the existing literature still lacks a systematic discussion of which theories and practices underpin the construction of eco-civilization. Due to the ambiguity of eco-civilization, some even criticize it as being a form of purely partisan politics in China. By systematically reviewing its theoretical pillars, practical actions, and major achievements, this perspective paper argues that China's eco-civilization is not a partisan politics, but rather a legitimate, imperative pathway to global sustainable development rooted in complementary theory and practice, i.e., theories guide practices, and practices enrich theories. We highlight that the theoretical basis and practical actions of eco-civilization constitute a continual improvement process that permits diverse viewpoints and understanding, and any action exploring how to achieve a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature is consistent with the values of eco-civilization., (© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.)

This paper establishes a theoretical framework to study the fundamental changes in the concept and mechanism of China's ecosystem protection under the paradigm of ecological civilization, and its major implications for global sustainable development. We first examine the damage to the ecosystem of the standard economic growth model, and provide empirical evidence that the traditional ecosystem protection paradigm based on the concept of industrial civilization has been unable to curb serious ecological degradation on a global scale. We then build a new theoretical model to reveal China's new ecosystem protection paradigm based on the concept of ecological civilization, and analyze how it forms a mutually beneficial relationship with economic development by changing the content and mechanism of economic growth. Furthermore, we conduct an empirical analysis of the paradigm shift of China's ecosystem protection and show that there is a significant synergy between China's ecological conservation and economic development under the new paradigm. Finally, we use a game theory model to reveal the significant implications of China's new ecosystem conservation paradigm for global ecological protection, especially for the realization of the expected goals of the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trans/Form/Ação is the property of Trans/Form/Acao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As an essential part of ecological civilization, water ecological civilization has significant influence on the green and sustainable development of cities. Under the background of China's Water Ecological Civilization City Pilot (WECCP), based on data from 275 cities in China from 2007 to 2019 by using the difference-in-differences (DID) model, we empirically analyzed the influence of the WECCP establishment on urban green innovation and explored the impact mechanism in depth using a mediating effect model, which aimed to verify whether the "Porter hypothesis" holds true in China. The result indicated that the WECCP had made a remarkable contribution to enhancing urban green innovation in the pilot cities. Further research found that the input mechanism played an important mediating role. In addition, the heterogeneity test indicated that cities in the central region, at low administrative levels, and in the first batch of pilots gained more from the policy establishment. This paper has theoretical implications for understanding the derived innovation benefits of the environmental policy, practical implications for identifying new drivers of urban innovation, and provides related experience for the country to further promote and expand water ecological civilization construction and useful policy inspiration for other developing countries to formulate ecological and environmental policies., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

To accurately evaluate the development level of ecological civilization in coastal cities, this paper proposes an evaluation algorithm of coastal city ecological civilization development based on Improved BP neural network, constructs the evaluation index system, and establishes the BP neural network-based evaluation model. By collecting the relevant data of 30 cities in China Line standardization, as the input learning matrix, entropy and coefficient of variation are used to evaluate the development level of ecological civilization. Through 5000 training times, the error accuracy is close to 10-7, and the cities with low ecological civilization level and less cultivated land resources per capita are found out. Based on the improved BP neural network method, according to the development level of coastal cities, the ecological culture of coastal cities is put forward as a whole. The countermeasures and suggestions of construction are given., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

This paper shows how government programmes unified under the rubric of 'building socialist spiritual civilization' are institutionalizing philanthropy and transforming government practice in China. Spiritual civilization refers to a programme of simultaneously advancing China's market economy and socialist culture. Using a governmentality approach, the paper explains how this strategy has been translated into practice through the government-directed establishment of a not-for-profit sector and 'national civilized city' competition aiming to produce modern cities populated by civic-minded citizens. It reveals how civil servants are incentivized to become community-focused social actors by examining new conditions of Communist Party membership and the growth of volunteering in Shenzhen. It concludes that China's governmental authorities are creating, and being shaped by, what liberal political thought describes as the non-governmental arena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Faced with the increasingly severe ecological environment, China promotes the construction of ecological civilization vigorously. Therefore, it is of great significance to adopt scientific, effective and comprehensive methods to evaluate development status of ecological civilization. Based on the panel data from 2010 to 2014, this paper employs GIS and AHP methods to dynamically examine the level of ecological civilization construction in Jiangxi Province. The results indicate that: (1) The ecological civilization construction in Jiangxi Province is 13.23% higher than the national average, whereas there is an imbalance in the development of different cities within the province; (2) The ecological civilization construction in the whole province rises first and then falls; (3) The performances of the cities vary in different dimensions of the construction of ecological civilization that cities in Jiangxi province perform well in the dimension of ecological environment, but perform poorly in the dimension of social development. Finally, we put forward policy recommendations for improving ecological environment to realize harmonious development between human and nature., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Shamanic culture, which adheres to the worldview of connecting earth and heaven, has been marginalized in the discourse of the modern material world and separated from mainstream society. However, with the increase in personal problems in civil society and the rise of regional cultural identity since the reform and opening up in China, shamanic practitioners have again become active. Adapting to the official ideology, shamanic culture has emerged in China as a new form of folk culture and cultural heritage. Using Michael Herzfeld's theory of "cultural intimacy" to a limited extent, this paper regards the new image of the shamanic tradition that has appeared in the new era as a manifestation of "cultural intimacy", which does not infringe the authority of official discourse, nor damage the interests of government departments, and is in line with the imagination of official discourse about culture. Within the shaman cultural community, the shamanic tradition continues to connect earth and heaven, helping to solve difficult personal problems, alleviating the pressure of the material world, and at the same time making the sacred expression of the members of the shaman cultural community possible. In this way, the shaman tradition, which has emerged in a new image since the new era, has maintained the ecological balance between government and folk practices and formed a more stable pattern of cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better understand the current situation of Chinese public sports, this paper studies Chinese public sports. According to SATI3.2 statistics, 71 newsletters have published a total of 903 articles, of which 40 newsletters have one article, 19.7% of the newsletters have 2-9 books, and 17 magazines have more than 10 issues. The results show that by measuring data, we can better understand the current state of China's public services. This paper uses the method of bibliometric analysis to sort out and summarize the policies, characteristics, hotspots, and trends of China's public service field under the social network environment. The survey shows that the education sector has paid less for public entertainment in recent years. The research direction is system, equity, government procurement, interest, capital allocation, strategy, and supply chain. This paper highlights that the shortcomings of public sports research in our country: "public sports services" and "public sports services" are not integrated; there are many macrostudies on public service sports but few microstudies; there is no track and field research for special public groups. This paper puts forward research guidance for China's public sports services and, at the same time, strengthens the research on public services of different products of rural sports development, strengthens the research on the intelligence of sports public services, and strengthens the research on the role of public sports. Governments at all levels support and strengthen research on public sports service standards, strengthen research on public sports performance measurement measures, and strengthen public sports balance research., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Xiang Zhong et al.)

This paper starts from the supposition that civilization is an important concept for thinking about world order, and one that is increasingly coming back into play in world politics. It opens with a close look at the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI): what does it say, what does it imply, about what is it silent, and what are its policy contexts? It offers the theory of Uneven and Combined Development (UCD) as a way of looking at multiple modernities in terms of civilizational pluralism. This is followed by a historical unfolding of UCD since the early 19th century, showing how it has generated both single and multiple modernities cast in civilizational terms. The penultimate section focuses on the risks and opportunities that a world order of civilizational pluralism would create specifically for China. The conclusions summarize the main points of argument, and set out a more detailed global vision of what the GCI might aim to achieve if played well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecological civilization is an advanced form after industrial civilization. Improving China's ecological civilization system will provide developing countries with experience and guidance. The study is dedicated to determining the path dependence characteristics of ecological civilization construction to promote regional sustainable development. This paper estimates the path dependence pattern and evolution of ecological civilization construction in 13 cities in Jiangsu Province and uses entropy method, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression model and other methods to determine the interaction of the "social-economic-natural" system in the construction of ecological civilization relationship. All in all, the path dependence phenomenon gradually appeared in the construction of ecological civilization, and the regional heterogeneity was obvious. The characteristic of path dependence in the southern region is the most significant, and there is a strong dependence on economic development. In particular, reducing pollution emissions, improving resource utilization, alleviating employment and population pressure and improving residents' living standards play an important role in breaking through regional path dependence. From the perspective of the social-economic-natural system, the systemic benign interaction situation required for the construction of a new ecological civilization has not yet appeared. The interaction of natural systems is significantly insufficient. It is recommended that the government guide funds to invest in green industries and develop central cities to promote the development of ecological civilization in the surrounding areas. Financial institutions support green enterprises and provide financial support for polluting enterprises to complete industrial upgrading. Enterprises take the initiative to eliminate outdated production capacity, promote cleaner production models and increase the added value of products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating the effectiveness of ecological civilization policies is the basis from which policymakers can optimize policies. From the perspective of the overall effectiveness of regional policies, and taking Jiangsu Province as an example, this study constructed a quantitative evaluation model of eco-civilization policy text and an eco-civilization evaluation index system. Using these tools, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of 53 ecological civilization policies issued by Jiangsu Province during 2004-2019 to promote the construction of ecological civilization in the four fields of resource utilization, environmental protection, economic development, and social life. There are three key findings. (1) During the period of 2004-2019, the effectiveness of the textual content of ecological civilization policies in Jiangsu Province generally showed a fluctuating upward trend. (2) The construction effectiveness indexes of the four fields of eco-civilization all showed a growth trend, but the construction effect varied greatly. The index of economic development had grown rapidly, while environmental protection had grown slowly. (3) Ecological civilization policies in Jiangsu Province were effective in promoting the construction of ecological civilization. However, the effects of different policy dimensions on ecological civilization development in the four fields were significantly different. Finally, based on these results, powerful recommendations are provided for the optimization of eco-civilization policies in Jiangsu Province. Moreover, Jiangsu is the first province in China to launch a provincial-level ecological civilization construction plan. Its policy optimization to promote ecological civilization construction can also provide an example and realistic basis for reference for the construction of eco-civilization in other provinces in China.

Copyright of New Architecture is the property of New Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Natural Resources / Ziran Ziyuan Xuebao is the property of Journal of Natural Resources and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the principle of truth, the documentary exchanges knowledge and conveys emotions. The documentary Wild China has received strong attention from domestic and foreign audiences since its launch on National Geographic. However, due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultures, most Chinese viewers need subtitle translation to have a better understanding of this documentary. Unlike the subtitle translation of films and TV plays, the content of the documentary has strong professionalism and knowledge. Thus, documentary subtitle translation requirements are also higher than those of films and TV plays. Meanwhile, it is necessary to discuss the subtitle translation of documentaries. Ecological translation was first proposed by Professor Hu Gengshen. In the past ten years, many remarkable research results have been achieved. Taking ecological translation as the theoretical support, this paper chooses the subtitle translation of the documentary Wild China (CCTV) as the research object, and combines the theoretical discussion and the case analysis to focus on the translator's "adaptation" and "selection" in the linguistic, cultural and communicative dimensions, thus verifying the guiding significance of eco-translatology to the subtitle translation of the documentary and supplementing the theoretical research perspective of subtitle translation of the documentary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facing climate risks has become a common problem for mankind and a topic of great importance for the Chinese government. To thoroughly implement the overall requirements for the construction of an ecological civilization and effectively improve the capacity of cities to adapt to climate change, China launched the pilot construction of "Climate Resilient Cities" in 2017. In this paper, 16 prefecture level cities in Anhui Province of China were selected as the research objects, and the multi-level grey system evaluation method was used to measure the climate resilience of these regions. We used the difference in differences method to evaluate the effect of the pilot policy of "Climate Resilient Cities." The pilot policies of the "Climate Resilient Cities" showed a significant contribution to the regional climate resilience, and, after isolating the impact of other factors on the regional climate resilience, the pilot policies of the "Climate Resilient Cities" increased the climate resilience of the pilot cities by four percentage points. The pilot policies of the "Climate Resilient Cities" had a significant contribution to the urban infrastructure development and ecological space optimization, as well as non-significant impacts to the urban water security, emergency management capacity-building, and science and technology innovation initiatives.

Ecological civilization is a transcendence of industrial civilization. The improvement of China's ecological civilization system can not only provide developing countries with an empirical reference for ecological civilization construction, but also make a huge contribution to the progress of global ecological civilization. This paper focuses on improving the provincial ecological civilization evaluation system. First, the Provincial Ecological Civilization Construction Evaluation Index System is established according to the Green Development Index System issued by the Chinese government in 2016, and then the applicability of the Spatio-Temporal Factor Analysis (STFA) is verified as the evaluation method of the provincial ecological civilization construction level. Further, taking Jiangsu Province, China as an example, this paper evaluates the level of ecological civilization construction in each city of Jiangsu Province, and analyzes the main factors affecting ecological civilization based on the evaluation results. Finally, according to the relationship between the ecological civilization construction and economic quality of each city, the four-quadrant method is applied to divide Jiangsu Province into four types of regions to help each city position itself in ecological civilization construction. This paper mainly draws the following conclusions: (1) Due to its simple operation and accurate evaluation results, STFA is applicable in evaluating the provincial ecological civilization construction level. (2) Taking Jiangsu Province as an example, it is found that the level of ecological civilization construction in the southwestern region is higher than that of the northeast coastal region in Jiangsu. Three inequality indices are applied to measure the regional inequality of ecological civilization construction among 13 cities, which is relatively high in recent years. (3) By analyzing the results of STFA, it is found that economic quality and natural protection are not only the main factors affecting the ecological civilization construction in Jiangsu province, but also the main reasons for the regional heterogeneity of provincial ecological civilization. (4) For the four types of regions, suggestions are proposed according to the characteristics of each region to help improve the provincial ecological civilization construction level. This paper not only improves China's ecological civilization construction system, but also provides information for the provincial ecological civilization construction in developing countries.

Copyright of Journal of Changzhou University (Social Science Edition) is the property of Editorial Department of Journal of Changzhou University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• We explore the fraught practices of ecological civilization in Yunnan. • Development is constituted by diverse, situated interests, pursuits and relations. • Maca commercialization involves complex discourses and practices of nature. • Farmers evolved from recipients of development to agricultural entrepreneurs. In this paper we argue that research on development in frontier regions needs to incorporate an explicitly environmental and ecological dimension, because economic frontiers are increasingly regarded as ecological frontiers in state and public discourses alike. We elaborate this argument by examining how the state-capital coalition has intervened in the development of Yunnan, a southwestern frontier of China, and how this process has involved the construction of an ecological civilization. This paper conceptualises the campaign of ecological civilization as the performance of state power through the discourses and practices of nature, and in this process, development is a highly situated and contingent process entangled with the complex negotiations between the state's ambition of socio-political assimilation, the volatility of the market and the agency of local communities. In specific, we focus on economic and ecological practices of using land for the plantation of the commercial crop maca. In the past decade or so, maca production in Yunnan has undergone a drastic process of rapid expansion and subsequently an equally rapid decline. Local authorities colluded with large enterprises to domesticate maca and promote maca production for land-based capital accumulation and poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, local farmers underwent a transformation, albeit contested, incomplete and full of back and forth, from passive recipients of development to active agricultural entrepreneurs. This article advances debates on frontier development and the role of nature in such processes, through the specific lens of ecological civilization in contemporary China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese civilization, which stands as a shining star in human civilizations, is distinct in its nature and development path. Although it suffered numerous turns of devastation in its 5,000 years of history, it has resiliently remained uninterrupted in its growth and radiance. Characterized by continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness, and longstanding commitment to peace, it also exhibits strong cohesion, vitality, flexibility, and adaptability. These characteristics emerged in the Paleolithic Period, indicating that the Chinese civilization did not emerge overnight. Its roots run deep with a long history, sprouting in the Paleolithic Period, breaking ground in the late Neolithic period, and gradually growing into the towering trees it is today. How did the ancient people in China evolve into today's Chinese nation? How did the ancient culture of prehistoric times develop into the current Chinese civilization? What are the connections between the history buried underground and the society we see today? Obviously, there is no clear answer to these questions. There are still many gaps in prehistoric China that need to be filled, and the process of and reasons for the evolution of ethnic groups and cultures still need to be further interpreted. The author tries to trace the roots of the Chinese nation and its civilization back to the Paleolithic Period, using archaeological materials to connect the survival and reproduction process of ancestors and delve into studying the ancient roots of the Huaxia people and Chinese civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of scenic areas in China from the origin of the idea to various historical periods all reflects the interaction between man and nature in the context of Chinese civilization, with typical attribute of cultural landscape. Identifying the characteristics of scenic areas under the perspective of cultural landscape is conducive to current protection and management practice of China's scenic areas. Guided by the academic idea of the cultural landscape, combined with the history of the evolution of the Chinese civilization, the development history of scenic areas was analyzed, and the typical types of man-land relationships, as well as the complexity and diversity of these types, the typicality and integrity of the spatial pattern and the dynamics of the development were summarized in this paper, with a view to provide inspiration for conservation and management work of China's scenic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses a temple restoration initiative during a state-funded project to attract scattered villagers back to their old village centre in southwest China. While state agents who implemented the project created a public space to bring ‘civilisation’ to the ‘backward’ peasants, the villagers appropriated the project by restoring an old temple, which immediately became the venue for a variety of communal events. The paper argues that the temple restoration manifested the grassroots idea of moral life, which rests upon proper reciprocities between humans and the gods, as well as among humans in reference to the gods. This emphasis on gift relations explains why villagers prefer the temple for public events over the space of civilisation created by the state in its developmentalist project. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper offers a nuanced understanding of rural people's agency in cultural governance. Most of the existing literature on rural cultural governance in China confines the discussion of people's agency within the given political context of cultural governance, in which villagers are described as reactive agents in response to the state-oriented cultural transformation. I argue that rural people's agency in cultural governance has not been fully investigated and a richer understanding requires a close examination of the wider rural socio-spatial processes. In my case study of the re-production of traditional ancestral temples in rural areas of Xincheng Town, southeast China, I show that rural people develop great initiatives in promoting the transformation of lineage culture by drawing on their experiences of the changing rural environment. The state-sponsored cultural project, which seeks to convert traditional ancestral temples into cultural halls, memorials and elderly activity centers and to develop a modern, civilized and socialist countryside, is in fact incorporated into the self-development of modern lineage culture by local people. On the one hand, the state's cultural governance in Xincheng is significantly shaped and confined by specific rural socio-spatial relations. On the other hand, lineage groups take firm control of the construction of temple landscapes and even reproduce converted temples as ‘extended’ and ‘shadow’ temples. This paper contributes to understanding the complexity and flexibility of local people's interaction with the state in rural cultural governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the interpretation of the connotation of ecological civilization and rural landscape, and takes Zizhulin village in Yanshan County as study object, this paper discusses the landscape pattern of Zizhulin Village relying on the national 4A level scenic spot, and demonstrates the feasibility of its construction of natural ecological landscape and local cultural landscape, so as to provide reference for the construction of the "beautiful village" landscape with good ecological environment in other parts of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the Axial Age, the West moved toward continuous disunity, but China had successfully maintained a persistent unity pattern. Conventional case (history event) studies are subject to selection bias and theoretical frameworks, which is not objective narrative. We use agent-based modeling (ABM) to reveal the historical dynamics of why civilizations take on distinct patterns (unity versus disunity). In China, the Qin Dynasty (initial unity) opened the Great Unity tradition in 221 BC. Before this, there was a major chaotic period (770 BC to 221 BC) with two periods. The first period, the Spring and Autumn (770 BC to 221 BC), opened this chaotic process and indirectly led to the initial unity. Then, the second period, the Warring States period (475 BC to 221 BC), directly led to this initial unity. This work models the second period and focuses on the question of why human civilizations take on different patterns in history. Finally, we have solved the conditions and boundaries of two patterns. Based on the second period, we have different conclusions. The bellicosity threshold is around 0.2 (for the previous period, this is 0.3), and the alliance propensity threshold is around 0.8 (for the previous period, this is 0.7). Moreover, the higher winner cost (beyond 5%) makes it impossible to achieve Unity. This work has one new contribution, such as solving social knowledge. We use BP neural networks to evaluate the knowledge graph to support history learning. It explains civilization patterns for humankind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After tracking the Chinese historical trajectory on the discursive relationship between Chinese civilization and the northern nomadic group, this paper examines the official discursive construction of the ‘civilization’ and ‘culture’ of ethnic minorities in contemporary China. Through the analysis of the Grassland Culture Research Project (caoyuanwenhua yanjiu xiangmu), an official project conducted in China in recent decades in response to the emergence of nomadic civilization studies as a distinct academic field, this article aims to show the way in which the concepts of civilization and culture are utilized in order to correspond to the official discourse of nation state and ethnicity in China, and the process by which Mongolian culture is thereby transformed. Civilization as a larger body supposed to include cultures was/is entitled to Chinese nation (zhonghua minzu), and a culture (wenhua) of a certain ethnic minority could only be a part of the Chinese civilization in Chinese academia today. ‘Grassland culture ’ is defined as a culture that is static, ahistorical, and therefore has to be reframed within the larger system of Chinese civilization. The concept of ‘grassland culture’ seems to be based more on the particular territory, rather than on the types of culture that have created and are owned by different ethnic groups. Therefore, it might be concluded that the project emphasized the geo-body of the Chinese nation state in order to retain the culture within the territory of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chen, X. and Zheng, J., 2020. Countermeasures for marine environmental pollution governance: An ecological civilization perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 355–358. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The smooth implementation and development of the marine strategy cannot be separated from the protection of the marine ecological environment. With the increase of marine utilization in China, the problem of marine environmental pollution is more and more serious. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out research into countermeasures for marine environmental pollution control based on the perspective of ecological civilization. This paper first introduces the theoretical basis of marine environmental pollution control based on ecological civilization, then gives the status of the marine ecological environment in China's coastal waters, and then analyzes the status of marine ecological environment control in China. Finally, this paper gives suggestions on the specific strategies for marine environmental pollution control based on ecological civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhou, P. and Qu, T., 2020. Management of the marine economy: An ecological civilization perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhang, M., and Liu, R. (eds.), Advances in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 106, pp. 69–72. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The 21st century is an era of scientific and technological progress. With the rapid development of science and technology, land resources are increasingly scarce. Marine resources have become an indispensable resource for growth, which has become the lifeblood of many economic powers, including the development of emerging strategic industries, expansion of living space, foreign trade channels, etc. Therefore, marine ecological civilization supports the development direction of human ecological civilization, which is an organic part of China's ecosystem. With the increasing proportion of marine economy in the gross domestic product, the marine economic management system needs to be improved, which will better serve the construction of ecological civilization. Through literature analysis and case study, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current marine economic management in China. Based on the information age, this paper proposes the construction of a marine information management platform and marine economic management platform, which can better manage and coordinate China's marine management and development. Through the integration of a variety of detection methods, various marine information can be integrated, which can better support the integrated management of the marine economy. Through data collection, data analysis, information release, and other functions, the development of the marine economy can be recorded and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China, under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, is making all-round efforts to pursue major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and has achieved a series of historical achievements. Majorcountry diplomacy with Chinese characteristics significantly diverges from conventional Western major-country diplomacy. It is characterized by a vision that prioritizes national rejuvenation, aims to advance human civilizations, emphasizes the establishment of a new type of international relations, and strives for the building of a human community with a shared future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of ecological civilization has become necessary to ensure that emerging industrialized countries can achieve healthy and sustainable development under the background of tightening resource constraints, serious environmental pollution, and the deterioration of the ecological environment. In the case of China, one representative emerging industrialized economy, this paper builds an ecological civilization performance evaluation system to measure the efficiency of ecological civilization in 30 provinces and municipalities in China by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) game cross-efficiency model. From the perspective of the "five-in-one" approach, and by taking full account of the three main bodies of government, enterprises and residents, this paper selects nine explanatory variables, namely industrial structure and degree of marketization (Economic perspective), government environmental risk awareness and government green actions (Political perspective), residents' happiness and corporate environmental responsibility (Social perspective), culture education investment (Cultural perspective), and green travel and ecological construction (Ecological perspective). Geographically Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) is used to analyze determinants of the Chinese ecological civilization performance. The results show that China's ecological civilization performance is low, and the efficiency ranking of most provinces fluctuates greatly. The regional development of China's ecological civilization performance presents a spatial distribution pattern that was high in the east and low in the west. The impact of various influencing factors on the China's ecological civilization performance is largely positive, and indicates regional characteristics. These results not only contribute to advancing the existing literature on ecological civilization performance evaluation, but also merit particular attention from policy makers in emerging industrialized countries. • A new indicator is built to assess ecological civilization performance. • Vertical and horizontal scatter degree, DEA game cross-efficiency, GTWR are employed. • ECP measured by CCR and Game Cross have significant differences. • ECP in China is low, fluctuating greatly in ranking and obvious east-west differentiation. • The same influencing factors exert different impacts in different regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Studies / Guoji Wenti Yanjiu is the property of China International Studies Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Natural history, a discipline of ecological significance, is regaining popularity in China, especially after 2010, thanks to the promotion of academics in the history of science and technology. A series of natural history books have been published, creating a publishing boom. Natural history books in China are experiencing growth in numbers and genre with more accurate segmentation in themes, indicating that the natural history publication trade is going to mature. By genre, most natural history books are primary, focusing on basic knowledge about birds, animals, and plants, while the secondary books focusing on the historical and theoretical study of natural history make up only a small portion. In the early 20th century, natural history books saw a boom driven by peoples' enthusiastic pursuit of science. Today, natural history books follow the tides of building an ecological civilization, reaching out to the domain of "natural history and the public." There will be broad prospects for books featuring "natural history +," such as "natural history + painting," "natural history + literature," "natural history + food," and "natural history + tourism.". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conspiracy Theories (CTs) are a global phenomenon, but some societies are better equipped than others to resist them. This article discusses the characteristics of the China-related COVID-19 CTs in the Brazilian Facebook, based on 28,312 posts published from January 2020 to June 2021. We argue that, in Brazil, the spread of CTs was facilitated by a widespread political and knowledge institutions' legitimacy crisis. The rise of the extremist politician Jair Bolsonaro to the Presidency provides evidence in this regard. In consequence, the boundaries between fringe and mainstream politics become porous. This article discusses which agents disseminate China-related COVID-19 CTs, and which topics receive more attention. We found a significant presence of actors belonging to mainstream politics and the media among the CTs' main disseminators. Additionally, the CTs circulating in the Brazilian social media environment reproduce concerns about China's growing presence in the global arena, which originate elsewhere. Still, they add a specific emphasis on the Communist threat. We sustain that this emphasis relates as much to Brazil's internal politics as to China itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the early 1920s, J. G. Andersson discovered the Yangshao culture of prehistoric China and, in the name of science, reiterated the age-old postulation that "Chinese culture had a 'Western' origin." In Andersson's time, archaeology was frequently explained using the framework of diffusionism to understand human prehistory and civilization. To the hyperdiffusionists, civilization was perceived to have originated in the Middle East before it spread elsewhere and acquired regional variations. The archaeological work at Anyang from 1928 onward substantially changed scholars' understanding of human civilization in general and Chinese civilization in particular. Is Chinese civilization a secondary and derivative one, with its ultimate origin in the Middle East? Should the Chinese civilization be properly comprehended in the singular, referring to the Han civilization only? Is it correct to conceive of the origin of Chinese civilization—and of its central layer, huaxia —from a decentralized perspective? By investigating early archaeological endeavors in China and related historical discourses, this essay shows how human civilization, Chinese civilization and huaxia civilization eventually became decentralized in the scholarly understanding, particularly regarding their origins. In this decentralization of the origins of civilization, the underlying archaeology was driven by both science and politics, both rationalism and nationalism. Archaeology during the Republic of China (1912–49), which had the special mission of reconstructing Chinese national history, was guided by this dual tendency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on annual "Top Ten Developments in Studies on Chinese Humanities." Topics include exploring the seeds of national culture, revealing the origin and development of Chinese civilization, and justifying the prosperity and longevity of Chinese cultural traditions; and founding of the People's Republic of China, the disciplines of literature, history, and philosophy reflecting on history and envisioning the future.

The 10th Academic Committee of Planning History & Theory (ACPHT) Conference took place on 26–29 October 2018, in the Guilin University of Technology (Guilin, China). The annual conference was held for the first time in 2009. Themed 'Urban Planning in the Course of Civilization', the 2018 conference probed the continuation and evolution of planning history from different civilizations, defined here as cultural characteristic at a particular place and time. More than 200 delegates attended the conference, bringing together researchers from the fields of planning history, architectural history, city design, public administration, cultural heritage protection, archaeology, art and media, municipal aviation, to socialize and share their work with each other, and to gain insight into interdisciplinary historical research methods. Based on a selection of relevant panels and roundtables, the report explores four prominent themes discussed in the conference: planning history in different historical periods, urban form and heritage, the practical role of planning history, and interdisciplinary approach. The relationship between civilizations development and planning history is illustrated through four topics. It also summarizes the academic consensus, theoretical significance, problems and difficulties, and future-oriented experience of the conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines a significant debate on China and the Chinese market held within the British mercantile community in the early 1830s. Occurring in the years before the East India Company's monopoly over China trade was abolished in 1834, this debate has received much less attention than the Macartney embassy and the rise of the opium trade. This article shows that, in order to suit their own economic interests, supporters of the EIC and the 'free traders' presented rival images of China and the China trade to lead the governing authorities and the wider public to understand the country and its people in a way most favourable to themselves. Compared to the earlier European accounts of China, which examined different aspects of Chinese civilisation and were at least to some degree academic, this debate within the British mercantile community was clearly aimed at influencing the country's commercial policy in China. Although neither side was genuinely interested in discovering the 'real' China, this competition in image-building was crucial to Britain's relations with China in the era leading to the First Opium War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the use of mobile apps and the model of cross-regional communication in the app markets of Greater China and explores the influence of policy, capital, and culture on the mobile app consumption. The cross-regional degree (CRD) of mobile apps is used to measure the circulation of apps in different markets and to identify mobile apps and app producers capable of achieving cross-regional commercial success and of gaining market recognition in Greater China. The final samples include 1,124 mobile apps that ranked among the top 500 in at least two markets. The apps were coded according to market platform, firm age, price, producer listing status, producer location, app genre, and CRD. The consumption of apps in these markets is significantly influenced by policies, company capital, and local cultural tastes. Moreover, mainland China is isolated from other Greater China regions in terms of the app market. Compared with app producers in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, app producers in mainland China should consider more marketing strategies targeting audiences in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues, I argue that Marxism–Leninism came to China when the global system underwent momentous changes after World War I. Focusing on the thought of Li Dazhao 李大钊 (1889–1927), the author shows that Marxism–Leninism symbolized a new form of global civilization when national independence and the territorial integrity of nation-states dominated the political discourse within and outside China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Quarterly is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses competing discourses on a postmodern world order perpetuated by the United States and the People's Republic of China (PRC), which are themselves built on their own pre-modern or early modern (inter)state models. Among several dimensions of the growing struggle between the two superpowers, this article focuses on their contestation of global norms or the standard of civilization regarding the question of world governance. What is unique in the contemporary competition between America and China is the fact that both countries aim to alter the fundamental organizing principle of modern world politics; they are against not only the balance of power system but also the imperial order, both of which originated from the modern European system. Indeed, Washington and Beijing strive to offer a third organizing principle beyond the conventional dyad in the modern discipline of international relations (IR) of anarchy and hierarchy. In terms of an analytic framework, this article explores the constitutive processes of self-identity formation in America and China against the European other (the Westphalian system and imperialism), thereby demonstrating the two states' exceptionalist doctrines and their alternative visions for a postmodern world order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proper analysis of environmental politics in different national contexts requires a returned focus on ideology. This article demonstrates that a neutral conceptualization of ideology is necessary to understand the way environmental politics integrates with social and cultural interpretations of how to manage environmental issues. The article examines Ecological Civilization, the Chinese Communist Party's interpretation of sustainability, to demonstrate that the ideology resonates across Chinese society. The article first analyses semantic themes within the Party's interpretation of Ecological Civilization, which continues to prioritize economic development over environmental protection. The article then shows that these themes are also prevalent in the media but are presented to the public utilizing different genres, styles and voice. Finally, by analysing the interpretation of Ecological Civilization from 245 residents of Chengdu, the article shows how some in China prioritize economic development, while others emphasize the importance of protecting the environment. The central finding is that in general residents support the government's heavy-handed approach to environmental policy, thereby reinforcing the state's authoritarian control over society. The article concludes by arguing that this finding is demonstrated by drawing from a neutral conceptualization of ideology and that such a framework should now be extended to other socio-political contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article highlights the differences in the civilizing process in China by examining the development of sport. Focusing on the problem of violence, it shows how the evolution of forms of differentiation caused the decline of the violent game jiju and the rise of the elegant game chuiwan as China transformed from a strictly stratified mendi rank society to an open gentry society of greater functional differentiation. The development of the entertainment industry of cuju rather than a function system of sport documented an idiosyncratic literatization. This resulted from the structure of the first post-aristocratic society as a meritocratic commoner society. The unique yin/yang dual structure as a compromise of functional differentiation with hierarchical order brought about a paradoxical domestication of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews theorizations of civil and uncivil society and highlights their underpinning in the ideal of civility, then introduces the Chinese concept of wenming [civilization] and outlines a history of what is considered bu wenming [uncivil] on Chinese online platforms. It then juxtaposes these definitions to a series of ethnographically grounded snapshots of media events and user interactions revolving around uncivil media practices. Drawing on firsthand accounts of the harassment of a foreign social media celebrity, a "Sticker War" between nationalist publics, a group chat about patriotism, and a BBS discussion of online incivility, the author argues for a shift from the prescriptive definitions of online civility and incivility to the situated understanding of how forms of uncivil sociality are articulated by digital media users in relation to various everyday practices, behaviors, and events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this essay is to present my experience attempting to practice some ideas of decolonial thinking within a doctoral research project. In 2010, I lived in a Williche Community in Chiloé/Buta Wapi Chilwe. As a retribution for the possibility of conducting my research there, I fulfilled several tasks defined by the Community's Health Team. A project revolving around expressive creation with children and teenagers arose: The Weche Folil. After presenting some key features of my personal trajectory and those of the regional context in which Weche Folil is grounded; I propose to think of this project as a practice that points toward the subversion of ways of thinking, feeling and being which express the colonial dimension. I understand coloniality as a key dimension of our collective existence featured by inequality, arrogance, and pain. Love, time, dedication and caring are at the hearth of this decolonizing doing. Ambivalences, contradictions and paradoxes are also part of it. This personal account may be of interest for researchers who are planning to work among indigenous peoples, especially in rural settings and in Chiloé. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]