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This paper asks whether history should change the way in which economists and economic historians think about populism. We use Müller's definition, according to which populism is 'an exclusionary form of identity politics, which is why it poses a threat to democracy'. We make three historical arguments. First, late‐nineteenth‐century US Populists were not populist. Second, there is no necessary relationship between populism and anti‐globalization sentiment. Third, economists have sometimes been on the wrong side of important policy debates involving opponents rightly or wrongly described as populist. History encourages us to avoid an overly simplistic view of populism and its correlates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Realidad Economica is the property of Realidad Economica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Economía Institucional is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An introduction to the issue, which is dedicated to the economist Don Lamberton, is presented in which the editor discusses the contents within the issue including papers discussing Lamberton and his works from economists Lawrence Welch, Will Tibben and David Rooney.

Copyright of Revista de Economía Institucional is the property of Universidad Externado de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alfred Marshall and Mary Paley Marshall are often described as the first academic economist couple. Both studied at the University of Cambridge, where Paley became one of the first women to take the Tripos exam and the first female lecturer in economics, with Marshall's encouragement. But in later life, Marshall opposed granting Cambridge degrees to women and their participation in academic economics. This paper recounts Alfred Marshall's use of gender norms, born out of a separate spheres ideology, to promote and ingrain women's exclusion in academic economics and beyond. We demonstrate the persistence of this ideology and resultant norms, drawing parallels between gendered inequities in labor market outcomes for Cambridge graduates in the UK post-Industrial Revolution and those apparent in cross-country data today. We argue that the persistence of the norms produced by separate spheres ideologies is likely to reflect, at least in part, the rents associated with preferential access to better paid, high-skilled labor market opportunities. In doing so, we ask who benefits from gender norms, who enforces them, and suggest relevant policy work and areas for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using both qualitative and quantitative (meta-analysis) methods, this paper reviews the growing evidence on the impact of minimum wages on employment in 14 major emerging economies (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, the Philippines, the Russian Federation, South Africa, Thailand and Turkey). Overall, minimum wages are found to have only a minimal impact on employment, and there is evidence of reporting bias towards statistically significant negative results. More vulnerable groups (e.g. youth and the low-skilled) are marginally more negatively affected, and there is some indication that higher minimum wages lead to more informal employment. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This paper investigates gender differentials in citations of articles published between 2003 and 2014 in two journals specialized in Demographic Economics, the Journal of Population Economics (JPOP) and the Review of Economics of the Household (REHO). We utilize different definitions of authorship. Articles with female corresponding authors receive 24% more citations than articles with male corresponding authors. Citations go up by 36% when there is a female co-author. We did not detect any significant associations between citations and male co-authors. In addition, citations go up with the proportion of female authors. We discuss some potential explanations for our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term neoliberalism is a faithful companion of current public debates. It often serves as a proxy for what is allegedly wrong with society. The term is used to criticize a perceived commodification of spheres of human existence that used to be shielded from a purely economic logic. Recently, the term neoliberalism has become the object of historical research. Its roots have been traced back as far as 1947 or 1918. I argue in this paper that historians have taken a methodologically questionable approach, by departing from the blurry concept of neoliberalism as it is perceived today and trying to trace it back in time as far as possible. Such an approach leads to severe contradictions as economists labelled ex-post as neoliberals were often opposed to neoliberalism as it is currently defined. It is methodologically more sound and analytically more rewarding to start the conception of the term with the economists who self-identified as neoliberals. This approach leads to a more coherent concept of neoliberalism that is better suited for further research and provides a clearer understanding of the history of economic thought in the interwar period and the first postwar years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Comparativ: Leipziger Beiträge zur Universalgeschichte und Vergleichenden Gesellschaftsforschung is the property of Leipziger Universitaetsverlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Vast amount of literature has well-established FDI as an important determinant of technology acquisition and modernization, economic development, capital accumulation, and employment. Economists are too engrossed in how FDI positively affects the economic growth of both the home and host countries; only a few have been associated with investigating how FDI actually improved the living standards of the people. This paper examined the impact of FDI, Inflation, Labor Force, and Population on improving living standards in the Philippines from 1985 to 2021 using the different econometric tests which are: (1) Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test, (2) Jarque-Bera Normality Test, (3) Variance Inflation Factor, (4) Breusch-Pagan Heteroskedasticity test, (5) Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey Autocorrelation test, (6) RAMSEY Reset test, (7) Correlation Matrix, (9) OLS Multiple Regression, (10) Johansen Cointegration and (11) Granger Causality. The findings in the various tests revealed that FDI, Inflation, Labor Force Participation, and Population have cointegrating relationships with Self-Rated Poverty Rate within the time series. Moreover, the OLS regression model has shown that Labor Force Participation and Inflation have significant relationships with living standards while the country's FDI and Population are insignificant. Granger Causality also revealed that Inflation, Labor Force, and Population Granger caused living standards in the Philippines and only FDI not. With all of the results of the tests, it is evident that the dependent variables affect the living standards in the Philippines, it just varies on how little or extensive it is. This study supports the loosened restrictions to foreign ownership as the results affirmed the significant effects of most of the dependent variables on the Self-Rated Poverty Incidence; however, must still take precautionary measures as some variables exhibit insignificance in the long run. The paper recommends implementing policies that are moderately reliant on Foreign Direct Investment, Population, Inflation, and Labor Force Participation rate because all of the variables are proven to be related to the Self-Rated Poverty Incidence, which is the variable used to measure the living standards in the Philippines. However, the Philippine government should focus and be meticulous on policy clauses that would benefit not just the corporate but also its employees to help attain prosperity for the country and its countrymen and to help alleviate poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper defends that it is possible to offer a Kantian argument for justifying the introduction of Universal Basic Income (UBI). It first briefly presents Philippe van Parijs' argument for UBI based on the concept of real freedom for all. In doing so, it will focus on its general structure and central insight, without entering too much into other issues like the economic feasibility of UBI. It second briefly presents Kant's concept of external freedom and especially focuses on some of its components to assess whether there is some closeness to van Parijs' concept of real freedom. It further considers whether UBI is not only compatible with a Kantian position, but can be justified from such a position because it represents a tool for concretely realizing external freedom as presented in the Doctrine of Right and for attaining the ethical ideal of virtuosity presented in the Doctrine of Virtue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper provides an analysis of the Marshall Plan and its role in the history of Europe, specifically in terms of the economic revival that followed World War II. Even after more than seven decades since its implementation, the Marshall Plan remains one of the most frequently mentioned programs of international aid. However, there have been debates between historians and economists on whether the program was as impactful as it is described in many history books. The authors look into historical and modern sources to provide a comprehensive view of the Plan's scale and impact. The results indicate that even though the Marshall Plan was not the only reason for Europe's economic revival, it was a necessary element in containing the spread of Communism and guiding Western European countries in their post-war economic policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education economists support the idea that investments in the education sector are profitable when they contribute directly to improving individual or national productivity. The recognition of a close link between education and development has led developed nations to invest in the education sector without lining up. Public investment in this area has also been fueled by the fact that education does not only play a role in promoting the economy, but also in another sensible aspect, such as "the proportional distribution among different socioeconomic groups of economic growth". Education is rightly regarded as "a powerful instrument promoting social equality". From everyday practice we can say that the contemporary economy is based on the ability of employees. Achieving success in educational institutions can be achieved if there is a high level of employee satisfaction in that institution, who is working. When it comes to education, there must be circumstances that will aggravate employees' satisfaction. We are all aware of employee satisfaction in Kosovo, where with employee satisfaction we as a company can fulfill all the requirements foreseen because when the employee is happy at work he is also very committed to the workplace and to the accomplishment of tasks which are delegated by management. The employee who is satisfied he is more dedicated, reliable, productive and good collaborator, etc. In this paper we have started with the job description and introduction, the methodology used, the purpose of the paper, the brief content of the paper. Then, in the first chapter, we present the definition of satisfaction and value for employees that they have, how much management impacts on employee satisfaction, and how much support they have for better collegial relationships. In the following we have presented the important factors which positively influence the increase of satisfaction and which factors are more important for employee satisfaction, and which factors can negatively affect the employee. Then, we present contemporary management and its role in enhancing employee satisfaction, how it can create a positive climate for employees and how it can increase professional competence which greatly affects employee satisfaction, because when employees are capable and accomplished tasks, more professionally they feel happy. Further on, we have presented the value of cooperation of education workers with countries of the region and their cooperation with other countries, especially with those that are like our country in the process of transition. The conclusion shows the real state of satisfaction of education employees where we surveyed some schools to provide the most accurate data that can be taken as a basis for further research. The scientific purpose of the paper is to analyze the satisfaction of employees in educational institutions in the Pristina region. In the postwar period we have a change in the education system which has in some way changed the curriculum which has had an impact on the employees. The second purpose of the paper is to research and benefit the situation of "Satisfaction level of education workers in Pristina region". The role of management in today's time is very important which can have a great impact on employees and change their situation to be more satisfied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking Guido Calabresi's discussion of preferences and value judgements in The Future of Law and Economics as a starting point, this paper analyses some conceptual difficulties, epistemic benefits and normative uses of parsimonious economic analyses of "tastes and values." First, the paper shows that it is not only possible to analyse and model all the richness of "tastes and values" in terms of rational choice theory with intellectual honesty and epistemic benefit. In fact, economists and economically inspired legal scholars have been doing this for a while. Second, it discusses three arguments that economists can mount in support of parsimonious models. Third, it shows that in spite of these benefits the merits of such an exercise in parsimony do not always clearly outweigh its drawbacks. In doing so, the paper distinguishes three types of limits of such parsimonious modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with some contributions to the debate on General Economic Equilibrium between the two world wars. Originating in Cambridge and Berlin, they differed from the Viennese contributions of the Walrasian perspective traditionally considered by the literature. They can be defined to represent the classical approach to general equilibrium. The authors considered are the Italian-born economist Piero Sraffa, the German mathematician Robert Remak and the Russian-born economist Wassily Leontief. The paper focuses in particular on the intellectual origins of their contributions in the Russian-German theoretical debate of the period 1890–1910 involving classical economists, Marx and Walras: these connections emerge clearly in the contributions of the German-Russian Mathematical School between the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nationalökonomische Gesellschaft (NOeG) was founded in June 1918 by a group of young scholars, mostly based in Vienna, as a forum for theoretical debate. Despite the prominent economists involved (e.g. Schumpeter, Mises, Mayer, Spann, Amonn) its activities soon petered out. The relaunch of the NOeG in 1927 originated from the necessity of the two strands of the Austrian school, led by Mayer and Mises, to find some tolerable arrangement; Spann and economists outside the University of Vienna were excluded. Around 1930 the NOeG and Vienna in general proved an attraction for many well-known economists from abroad, and many of the papers presented were printed and cited in first-rate journals. Yet with the emigration of many Austrian economists during the 1930s the NOeG mirrored the general decline of academic economics in Austria and the number and quality of the papers presented decreased. After the Anschluss 1938 the NOeG and its president Mayer were quick in dismissing its Jewish members and in the following adhered to a strategy of inconspicuous adaptation; its formal existence did not lead to any substantial activities. The post-war period was characterized by the restoration of the situation before 1938, with Mayer's continued presence at the university as well as at the NOeG a case in point. In the end, it led Austrian academic economics into a state of international isolation and "provincialization" much lamented by the émigré economists of the Austrian school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tax havens are associated with avoiding the payment of tax obligations, whose origins are as old as taxation itself. Different set of criteria are used for defining tax havens, from very low or zero taxes to lack of transparency, financial secrecy and amount of profits reported in other jurisdictions. The purpose of this paper is the identification of the jurisdictions considered the largest tax havens in the world. On one hand, the qualitative list of tax havens provided by OECD and the European Union are strongly politicized, mentioning none of its members and misidentifying the real tax havens, and on the other hand, analyzing the qualitative studies performed by internationally recognized economists that use different research methodologies, revealed the largest tax havens as being: Ireland, Cayman Islands, British Virgin Islands, Singapore, Switzerland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong and Bermuda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurial followers are defined as the crucial members of a specific entrepreneurial team and do not include the leader or normal employees in the present paper. This population can be viewed as indispensable factors in the success of entrepreneurship, especially in the start-up stage. In addition, according to the following time, they can be divided into two groups, namely long-term entrepreneurial followers and short-term entrepreneurial followers. However, studies focusing on entrepreneurship cultivation for entrepreneurial followers are relatively few. The main purpose of this paper is to determine the needs of Chinese entrepreneurial followers in entrepreneurship cultivation from the early stage of entrepreneurship. In this paper, a sample of 200 long-term entrepreneurial followers from Tianfu New Area in China was investigated. To enable the researchers to explore the unique opinions of entrepreneurial followers, a mixed data collection approach that combined interviews and questionnaires was chosen in this study. The results revealed following findings: (a) high levels of social capital, good entrepreneurial opportunities and projects, and highly cooperative teams were viewed as the most important factors for entrepreneurship by entrepreneurial followers in China; (b) most entrepreneurial followers believed that the primary difficulty in the cultivation process was the inefficiency in talent training mechanism; and (c) nearly 40% of samples suggested that the cultivation and enhancement of local talents should be firstly carried out by the Chinese government, indicating a gap between the supporting force for local and returned talents in China. In addition, various types of incentive policies and good environments for talent growth were also considered as important suggestions by entrepreneurial followers. We found that unlike entrepreneurial leaders, entrepreneurial followers focus more on income expectation, and personal development rather than supporting the development of companies in China. These findings should be viewed as priorities when enhancing current entrepreneurship cultivation in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the rise of the Latin American-based inertial inflation theory. Starting in the 1950s, various traditions in economics purported to explain the concept of "inflation inertia." Contributions ranging from Celso Furtado and Mário Henrique Simonsen to James Tobin anticipated key aspects of what later became the inertial inflation hypothesis, building it into either mathematical or conceptual frameworks compatible with the then contemporaneous macroeconomic theory. In doing so, they bridged the analytical gap with the North American developments while maintaining the key features of the CEPAL (United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) approach, such as distributional conflicts and local institutional details. These contributions eventually influenced the second moment of the monetarist–structuralist controversy that unraveled in the 1980s. The paper also highlights how later works by structuralist economists gradually stripped the inertial inflation approach of its previous substance and form, thereby unearthing tensions among Latin American structuralists that led to the eventual decline of this research program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author hosted Clelio Campolina Diniz during the writing of his second dissertation, required of professors in Brazil, at Rutgers University's Project on Regional and Industrial Economics in the 1990s and subsequently headed up a US National Science Foundation-funded international project on new industrial districts with Campolina and colleagues in Japan and South Korea. She co-wrote a subsequently published paper with Campolina for the Inter-American Development Bank and served for two months in 2008 at the Federal University of Minas Gerais's (UFMG) Center for Transdisciplinary Studies. Campolina and the author are currently researching how development theory might be expanded to incorporate culture and environment, using a new contemporary art museum and botanical gardens, Inhotim, in Minas Gerais as a test case. During a month-long work session on the latter in 2017, the author interviewed Campolina extensively for this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the drawbacks already pointed out and the wide set of variants suggested to overcome some of them, the h-index is the most used measure to conduct the authorlevel scientific evaluation. Simplicity is probably its main advantage and the reason for its popularity. The main goal of the current study is to propose an index that is directly linked and almost perfectly correlated with the h-index but is even simpler to obtain. Our index does not require any form of calculation. It disregards the distribution of citations among the papers of the author. Instead, only the total number of papers and the total number of citations of the author is used to obtain the final score. The score of each author can be seen in the table we present in this study. Although much simpler than the h-index (and other measures that account for citation distribution), our index produces the same general conclusions. We illustrate the application of this index with a sample of economists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Gestão Pública e Cidadania is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Escola Brasileira de Administracao Publica e de Empresas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bitcoin's layer 2 (L2) solution is a payment channel network (PCN) that has an internal market of its own. Businesses (node operators) compete on a cost basis to maximize use of their locked liquidity by minimizing channel fees. From an economic perspective this is a standard profit maximization problem, however as described in Béres, Seres, and Benczúr (2021), profit on node operation is so low that it is economically irrational. Despite this, the number of nodes continues to grow, even as the price of Bitcoin declines. Many node businesses likely operate at a net USD loss, especially when factors such as labor and loss of access to capital are considered. This paper is an economist's account of entering into an apparently irrational market. Due to difficulties with surveying node operators, the primary objective of the paper, uncovering the reason for financial loss making activity, was not discovered, however this paper is the first to: describe the internal L2 market for routing; provide basic business balance sheet items for a median scale node; describe the on-boarding process of node operation; and identify the need for differentiation of personal/routing/hybrid nodes. The market for routing is near-perfect in terms of internal competition, but sub-optimally arranged. Operating losses that many node operators face appear to be rationalized as a "fiat only" loss, node operators exist within a Bitcoin-only profit paradigm. Computing the actual fiat profit margin is not possible, due to insufficient data regarding the average fiat cost of the bitcoin deposited to provide routing liquidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the teachings and admonitions regarding wisdom found in the sixth edition of Adam Smith's Theory of Moral Sentiments (TMS) . Following a mindpath marked by the seminal contributions of Glenn Morrow (1923), Donald Winch (1978), and Laurence Dickey (1986), the paper offers an interpretation of the higher moral standard (superior prudence) introduced by Smith in the last edition of TMS, as his response to the socio-economic and cultural changes that took place in Great Britain in the second half of the eighteenth century. Between the fi rst and last editions of TMS the taste for luxury and conspicuous consumption became widespread and contagious both geographically and across ranks. Prudence and other-approbation, suffi cient gatekeepers of moral conduct and character in the previous editions of TMS, became progressively less effective in keeping society away from moral deception and in regulating reputation and the distinction of ranks. The paper examines the introduction of superior prudence in the last edition of TMS as Smith's vision of a dialectical process between external and internal approbation that is capable of transforming individual dependence on social praise into a dialogue between materialistic and moral concerns, which would lead to a progressively wiser, although confl ictual, existence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses about the role of mentoring in increasing the collaboration networks of female economists. Topics of discussion includes that evaluation of CeMENT Randomized Trial was conducted to we investigate the impact of the CeMENT mentoring randomized controlled trial on coauthorship networks in economics.

Women are substantially under-represented in the field of economics: their progress is slow and just few women reach top positions. From the 1980s, studies document the clear barriers and implicit biases in publishing, promotion, and tenure that women face. The paper aims at studying gender differences focusing on 'excellence'. Using RePEc as a dataset, I test how different definitions of excellence can systematically advantage or disadvantage women's visibility in rankings of top economists and how it impacts on their probability to receive rightful recognition in academia. I found that, even among top economists, being a woman significantly reduces the probability of reaching the top of the profession. The results also underline a problematic relationship between gender and excellence that sets the bar higher for women in reaching the top of the academic career. Women economists, despite their efforts, tend to receive less recognition than men in terms of promotion to full-professorship based on the criterion of excellence in which they excel. Challenging the assumption about gender neutral excellence is a first important step to disrupt power hierarchical patriarchal structures in the economics profession and to advance the representation of women and diverse individuals in apical roles in economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the changing relationship between economics and sociology in Pareto's thought and suggests a new interpretation of this relationship. Pareto's opus magnum in the field, the Trattato di Sociologia Generale (1916, French ed. 1917), is usually considered the result of the abandonment of economics by the late Pareto in favour of another field of interest, sociology—the realm of the analysis of non-rational actions—and on the basis of this interpretation it has been largely neglected by economists. This paper maintains that the sociology of the Trattato has to be considered not as an abandonment of interest in economics, but rather as a programme for the reconstruction and transformation of economics in a perspective that today could be called 'behaviourist'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publish-or-perish principle has become a fact of academic life in gaining a position or being promoted. Evidence is mounting that benefits of this pressure is being countered by the downsides, like forms of goal displacement by scientists or unethical practices. In this paper we evaluate whether perceived work pressure (publishing, acquisition funds, teaching, administration) is associated with different attitudes towards science and the workplace among economists working at Dutch universities. Publication pressure is high and is related to faculty position and university ranking position. Based on a latent class analysis we can detect a clear divide among economists. Around two third of the economists perceives that this pressure has upsides as well as serious downsides and one third only perceives upsides and no downsides. Full professors see more than other faculty members the positive sides of the publish-or-perish principle and virtually no downsides. These different perceptions are also reflected in their appreciation of the academic work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fiat currencies being used worldwide suffer from inflation, instability of exchange-rates and manipulation by larger countries. The traditional means of stabilising the value of a currency is through guaranteeing its convertibility into real goods, such as with a gold standard. Re-introducing a gold standard today faces major difficulties, and since the 19th century, the idea of making currency convertible into a range of other commodities than gold and silver has been recognised as economically beneficial. This paper considers the little-known system of conditional currency convertibility based on primary commodities devised by the Australian economist Grondona as a means for individual countries to introduce an element of real convertibility into their monetary system, more flexible than the rigid convertibility of the classical gold standard. Conveniently, since the system is activated by market prices it is possible to simulate it realistically, and the paper uses the "C" language to simulate the operation of the "Grondona System" implemented in Pakistan through the decade 2009-2018. The results show how the system's market-driven, counter-cyclical stock-holding would have expanded the Rupee money supply as commodity prices fell, and reduced it proportionately as commodity prices rose again, driven by market prices. This would have helped to stabilise the real value of the Rupee, as well as the value of commodity imports over the trade cycle, thereby reducing fluctuations in Pakistan's trade balance and exchange-rate. Since the Grondona System is Shariah-compliant, this shows how the D-8 countries could stabilise currencies and partially stabilise their mutual exchange-rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2020 John Bates Clark Medal of the American Economic Association was awarded to Melissa Dell, Professor of Economics at Harvard University, for her path-breaking contributions in political economy, economic history, and economic development. This article summarizes Melissa Dell's work, places it in the context of the broader literature, and emphasizes how, with its data collection, careful empirical implementation, and audacious ambition, it has revolutionized work in political economy and economic history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes how cloud computing tools widely used in the instruction of data scientists can be introduced and taught to economics students as part of their curriculum. The demonstration centers around a workflow where the instructor creates a virtual server and the students only need Internet access and a web browser to complete in-class tutorials, assignments, or exams. Given how prevalent cloud computing platforms are becoming for data science, introducing these techniques into students' econometrics training would prepare them to be more competitive when job hunting, while making instructors and administrators re-think what a computer laboratory means on campus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article outlines the work of economist Ravi Jagannathan, who it notes is the Fellow of the American Finance Association for 2024. It mentions his academic research on topics including the market risk premium, asset pricing, and investor behavior. It says his is a professor at the Kellogg School of Management.

This paper provides a critical reading of Quinn Slobodian's "Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism". Slobodian's narrative centers around the concept of a "Geneva School" of economists and lawyers who, from the 1930s to the 1990s, shaped the international economic order through activities in Genevan institutions. The paper shows in what ways the book constitutes a highly stimulating challenge for readers who align normatively with the characters portrayed by Slobodian. Despite some weaknesses in its historiographical construction, the Geneva School is interpreted as an innovative contribution to the neoliberalism literature. The critical remarks on the book are embedded in posing an overarching question: In what ways can globalists like the author of the paper and moderate critics of globalism like Slobodian enter a fruitful conversation about improving the deficiencies of the global politico-economic order, especially in light of the far-left and far-right critique of globalism in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While Austrian economists and their models were only indirectly involved in the Cambridge capital theory controversies that came to a dramatic head in 1966, certain ideas argued for by the Cambridge, UK side were prefigured in some work by Austrian economists, especially F.A. Hayek in his 1941, The Pure Theory of Capital, which he wote largely as a result of earlier debates with both Sraffa and Keynes. This paper recounts the roots of the capital theory debates coming out of the nineteenth century, the arguments among Keynes, Sraffa, and Hayek, Hayek's analysis that undermined traditional Austrian views of capital, the Cambridge controversies themselves, and then how various groups followed up in the aftermath, including neoclassicals, neo-Ricardians and Post Keynesians, and various groups of Austrians, who were themselves slow to recognize the full implications of Hayek's work and its relation to the Cambridge capital theory controversies. A final point is that among both those following Sraffa and Joan Robinson more as well as those following Hayek more, some have seen the issues leading to broader complexity approaches to capital theory and economic dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern Money Theory (MMT) economists acknowledge a number of empirical and institutional limitations on the applicability of MMT to macroeconomic policy, but they have not attempted to explore these empirically nor have they adequately addressed their implications for MMT's main macroeconomic policy proposals. This paper identifies some of these important limitations, including those stemming from modern international financial markets, and argues that they are much more binding on the policy applicability of MMT than many of MMT's advocates appear to recognize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the implications of neuroeconomics with respect to behavioral attitudes toward the interpretation of current economic events. To this end it first brings to the fore two aspects of neuroeconomics, namely, that thinking imposes strain on the mind, and that brain activity is a scarce resource. It then discusses how this affects the attitude of an economist trained in a specific school of thought. Without exposure to other schools of economic thought, the economist will have unknowingly biased views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although cultural economy scholarship has highlighted the inherently speculative character of economic action and argued that regulation is often imbricated with (rather than independent from) the speculative logics of economic life, it has stopped short of pursuing the implications for the problematics that have traditionally occupied political economists. To pursue such an analysis, this paper suggests a reframing of the theme of performativity in terms of Luhmann's understanding of selfreference, arguing that this provides a useful window on the connection between speculation and governance. It then develops these insights by reconsidering Minsky's work, arguing that in terms of his postfoundationalist sensibilities he may be closer to being a 'cultural economist' than a 'political economist' and that this deeply shaped his understanding of financial authority and central banking. The paper also argues that, by connecting these insights to Hayek's critique of rational constructivism, we may get a clearer perspective on the specifically 'neoliberal' character of contemporary finance and its governance. In this way, it develops a perspective on political economy questions of public authority and statehood that is informed by the concerns of cultural economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an overview of Richard Thaler’s career and the contributions to behavioural economics that earned him the 2017 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. It focuses on his role in exposing and making sense of empirical anomalies in orthodox economics, his analysis of mental accounting, and his work with Cass Sunstein on the notion of libertarian paternalism and the ‘nudge’-based behavioural approach to economic policy. It then considers his contributions critically and explores how, unlike previous behavioural economics, Thaler succeeded in getting his new approach to behavioural economics accepted by mainstream economists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article puts Canadian economist Dave Donaldson's research on empirical international trade and geography in the broader context of work on market integration and international trade. It lists selected papers by Donaldson including one which analyzes the link between railroads and U.S. economic growth and another which explores the size and implications of intranational trade costs. It also examines the implications of his work for trade policy.

This paper suggests that the conception of fundamental uncertainty grounding post-Keynesian monetary macroeconomics is consistent with a particularly complex type of decision making characterized by the social determination of preferences and outcomes. Contrary to the argument that positivism grounds post-Keynesian analysis, such a framework of analysis reflects a world in which knowledge is situated. As a practical consideration, this paper considers briefly the implications for a gendered theory of financial instability in a Post-Keynesian monetary framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The set of available local “capabilities” determines what an economy produces today (its static comparative advantage) and, at the same time, defines the trajectories that the process of structural change may take in the future. The product space (PS) framework developed in recent seminal works by economists and physicists suggests that path-dependence characterizes the evolution of the production basket (Hausmann and Klinger, 2007 , Harvard University Center for International Development Working Paper #146 ; Hidalgo et al. , 2007 , Science Magazine, 317(5837), 482–487). These authors represent economies as sets of productive capabilities that can be combined in different ways to produce different products. Countries progressively change their production baskets and move toward goods that require capabilities that are already available; on the contrary radical structural change rarely happens. In this article, we analyze the evolution over time of the production baskets in 107 Italian provinces (NUTS 3) and perform the first test on the PS hypothesis of path-dependence. We investigate whether new products entering the provincial production baskets are nonrandomly related to initial production baskets. We confirm the general tendency of path-dependence but highlight at the same time that a sizable share of “new products” are an exception to this general pattern. These “random entries” over the PS are particularly interesting for industrial policy, since they represent radical deviations from the initial comparative advantage. In the final part of the article, we investigate using parametric analysis the product and provincial characteristics that determine these deviations from the PS pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the theory of Dutch disease and its implications for practical policy questions. Dutch disease is a term that is well-known to economists and development practitioners. But it is also a concept that is often conflated with "resource curse" and misinterpreted as a "disease" that necessarily causes adverse impacts on the economy. The paper points out that many of the seemingly well-established arguments in this field are not necessarily grounded in theory or empirical evidence. Great care is needed in diagnosing Dutch disease and formulating policy prescriptions based on the theoretical framework, given the restrictive assumptions that may not be fully applicable and the limited relevance to today's inextricably intertwined trade flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article summarises the lasting contribution of Roy's (1950) fundamental paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]