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• Quality of solid recovered fuel (SRF) potentially produced in Bolivia is assessed. • SRF can be obtained with 80% plastics (85% PE, 15% PP) and 20% cellulosic. • SRF from municipal waste can provide a maximum of 23.4% of energy required by cement industries. • SRF exploitation can contribute to recovery about 5.3% of the waste maximum. • About 30,247 million cubic feet of methane can be saved in 10 years. Solid recovered fuels (SRF) can provide another treatment option to the solid waste management (SWM) sector. However, in developing countries, to date, this system approach has not found considerable application. In Bolivia, SRF is not deemed within the national regulation and the final disposal in open dumping areas is still a reality. This research article provides the first attempt in evaluating the SRF characteristics and its potentialities in Bolivia, taking La Paz as a case study. Laboratory analysis of the rejects produced after selective collection and sorting has been conducted, focusing on non-hazardous and non-recyclable waste fractions. The international standards related to EN 15359:2011 for the classification of the SRF were employed, assessing the most feasible mix of materials to provide the highest classification of SRF in terms of low calorific value (LCV), chlorine, and mercury concentration. Results reported that the SRF made of 80% plastics (85% PE and 15% PP) and 20% cellulosic (blend 2), as well as 30% plastics (50% PP and 50% PE) and 70% cellulosic (blend 1), can be considered an alternative fuel in Bolivia. On balance, it has been estimated that the use of non-recyclable plastics and cardboard from municipal solid waste can provide, on average, about 0.9–2.7 billion MJ of energy for cement kilns, solving about 1.4–5.3% of the SWM issues and covering about 8–23.4% of the energy demand for cement production in Bolivia. These results are novel for the scientific literature for estimating the potentialities of SRF in Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]