1,007 results
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2. Generosity as Social Contagion in Virtual Community
- Author
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Woo, Jiyoung, Kwak, Byung Il, Lim, Jiyoun, Kim, Huy Kang, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Aiello, Luca Maria, editor, and McFarland, Daniel, editor
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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3. Investigation of wafers used as paper binding in the academician von Struve manuscripts.
- Author
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Pankin, D., Povolotckaia, А., Borisov, E., Rongonen, S., Mikhailova, А., Tkachenko, T., Dovedova, N., Rylkova, L., and Kurochkin, A.
- Subjects
- *
COLLEGE teachers , *ULTRAVIOLET-visible spectroscopy , *RAMAN spectroscopy , *PRUSSIAN blue , *MANUSCRIPTS , *ARCHIVES , *GENEROSITY - Abstract
This work is devoted to the study of the composition of such a characteristic object for the 17–19 centuries as wafers, which were used to join sheets of paper in documents or to seal letters. Owing to the limited information in the literature and possible degradation processes that may occur with them in this paper, the modern optical techniques were applied to gain information about them. As the object of the investigation the wafers found in the hand-written documents of Academician Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Vasily Yakovlevich Struve 1793–1864) were chosen (Fund number 721, the RAS Archive, Saint-Petersburg branch, Struve V.). Besides the common way it was found that a large number of colored wafers were used to join several sheets in one composite elongated document and also to make correction on top of what was written. As the part of a major task aimed at maintaining the fund documents dated 19th century and the stability of the used joining wafers in particular the Raman and UV–Vis absorbance spectroscopies were applied in order to investigate wafers chemical composition. It was found the use of two different types of pigments for orange hues. One of them is cinnabar and another one is made up of red lead and massicot mixture. The Prussian blue was used for wafers with dark blue hue and as a mixture with massicot for green hue. According to UV–Vis absorbance spectroscopy it was found the use of anthraquinone type pigment for the red, rose and purple hues. The presence of the wafers with different base materials were determined by means of the Raman spectroscopy, namely of the vegetable (presumably starch) and protein (presumably gelatin) origin. The obtained results were compared with the data available in the previous researches, including the recipes given in the publications of the 19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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4. Sustaining and Enhancing the Scholarly Communications Department: A Comprehensive Guide. Kris S. Helge, Ahmet Meti Tmava, and Amanda R. Zerangue. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2019. 164p. Paper, $70.00 (ISBN: 978-1-4408-6699-9). LC 2019031275
- Author
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Andrea Kosavic
- Subjects
Generosity ,Resource (biology) ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Library science ,Library and Information Sciences ,media_common - Abstract
Rarely does a resource speak as candidly and frankly about the experience in the field as Sustaining and Enhancing the Scholarly Communications Department . This volume communicates with the reader like a trusted colleague, anticipating potential questions and interweaving a generosity of wisdom. It also fearlessly leans into forthright conversations on management, a topic less frequently explored and developed in the literature of the discipline.
- Published
- 2020
5. Paper Cut-Outs: Notes on Cuba, Taste and Mobility.
- Author
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Loss, Jacqueline
- Subjects
- *
CUT-out craft , *TASTE , *CULTURAL production , *TWENTY-first century , *GENEROSITY , *SENSORY perception - Abstract
This essay reflects upon what happens to the aspirational aesthetic/ethical quality of the fino —with its multiple connotations, ranging from refinement, smoothness, fairness (in color), purity, correctness, education, spiritual goodness, nobility, generosity, glamour, criollo- ness, modesty and demureness, to homosexuality, sexual repression, prudishness, pickiness, favoring of foreign ways, and snobbism—during the Cuban revolution by examining select cultural productions from 1966 to the present. Taking Pedro Manuel González Reinoso's "Roxy the Red," a Sovietized Cuban drag libretto, as a point of departure for its characterization of a popular Cuban perception of a "lack" within Soviet aesthetics, this essay then outlines a possible route of the fino through the pre-revolutionary universe of José Lezama Lima's Paradiso (1966); a "transition" evidenced in Guillermo Cabrera Infante's Tres Tristes Tigres (1967) and Tomás Gutiérrez Alea's feature Memorias de subdesarrollo (Memories of Underdevelopment, 1968); into the Soviet Cuban artistic landscape of Enrique Colina's documentaries, primarily Estética (1984), Chapucerías (1987); and even in the twenty-first century within Arturo Infante's short Utopía (2004), Colina's Los "bolos" en Cuba y una eterna amistad (The Russians in Cuba and an Eternal Friendship, 2011), José Manuel Prieto's Encyclopedia of a Life in Russia (2012), and Gertrudis Rivalta's artistic mock-ups that she began to construct in 2011. Suggesting ways that the very revolution did not abandon this category, but rather adopted it to its end, this essay shows, moreover, how the quest for a certain kind of "harmony" between internal and external composure can be, at times, liberating and, other times, repressive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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6. LASER THERAPY BEST AND GOOD PAPER AWARDS: THE RESULTS ARE IN!
- Author
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Toshio Ohshiro
- Subjects
Generosity ,Incentive ,Operations research ,Laser therapy ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cash ,Law ,Biomedical Engineering ,Surgery ,Editorial board ,media_common - Abstract
Welcome, dear readers, to the first issue of Volume 24 of the journal. It is hard to believe that three months have passed since I wrote to you in the last issue of Volume 23 … time really does fly, and here we are at the end of March, 2015, already one-quarter of the way through the UN-designated International Year of Light and Light-Based Devices. As you are all aware, for the past few years the journal has been offering an annual set of awards together with cash prizes, one for the Best Paper, and two for Good Papers published in any one volume of the journal. Last year (Volume 23) was supposed to be the final year for this initiative as the journal had set aside only a certain amount of funds, but as I wrote in my previous Editorial, I believe that these awards are a powerful incentive for authors to contribute their experience and research to the journal and to you, so I am taking over the role of the award sponsor. Thus, from this year and the current volume, the awards will be known as the Ohshiro-Laser Therapy Awards. In any event, the results for the 2014 Laser Therapy awards have now been compiled from all the votes lodged by the Laser Therapy International Editorial Board Members who serve as the Award Adjudicators. In addition, since Volume 22, the younger authors contributing to the journal as first author have also enjoyed another set of awards thanks to the generosity of Professor Ming-Chien Kao with his Award for Young Researchers, and these results are also in. I am therefore pleased and honoured to present the results in resume in the table below: they are given in full elsewhere in the body of the journal. Sincere congratulations to the winners, and if you didn't win for Volume 23, now is your chance to get a paper in for Volume 24 (please see the announcement elsewhere in the journal for full details)! Winners of the Laser Therapy and Ming-Chien Kao Awards
- Published
- 2015
7. التنافس عمى إمارة مكة المكرمة "الش ا رفة" إبان القرن السابع عشر الميلادي
- Author
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ناظ رش معتكؽ
- Subjects
SEVENTEENTH century ,CAMPAIGN issues ,PAPER arts ,PRINCES ,OTTOMAN Empire ,PROPHETS ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Copyright of Arab Gulf is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
8. Should knowledge be shared generously? Tracing insights from past to present and describing a model
- Author
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Anand, Amitabh and Walsh, Isabelle
- Published
- 2016
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9. Academic work and imagination: Reflections of an armchair traveler.
- Author
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Tienari, Janne
- Subjects
AUTOETHNOGRAPHY ,GENEROSITY ,SOLIDARITY ,GROUNDED theory ,MANAGEMENT education - Abstract
In this paper, I offer an autoethnography of academic work and imagination. I write as an "armchair traveler" who joins others in research endeavors that they have initiated. Imagination takes center stage in what I do: I use my imagination in analyzing empirical materials and in theorizing and writing meaningful research. Together with others, I engage in studies where I am close to the subject of inquiry and feel sameness, but also in research that for me is grounded in difference and otherness. Through my autoethnography, I elucidate the potential and limits of imagination in different research initiatives. Reflecting on my experiences and learning, I discuss how imagination relates to ethico-politics in doing research. I argue that imagination thrives in small acts of generosity in research collaboration, which harbor a sense of togetherness and solidarity. This has implications for understanding academic work that is obsessed with performance in publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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10. Self-persuasion as marketing technique: the role of consumers’ involvement
- Author
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Bernritter, Stefan F., van Ooijen, Iris, and Müller, Barbara C.N.
- Published
- 2017
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11. Conveniently pessimistic: manipulating beliefs to excuse selfishness in charitable giving.
- Author
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Samad, Zeeshan
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CHARITABLE giving ,GENEROSITY ,SELFISHNESS ,SELF-perception ,PESSIMISM ,EXCUSES - Abstract
This paper demonstrates how people can manipulate their beliefs in order to obtain the self-image of an altruistic person. I present an online experiment in which subjects need to decide whether to behave altruistically or selfishly in an ambiguous environment. Due to the nature of ambiguity in this environment, those who are pessimistic have a legitimate reason to behave selfishly. Thus, subjects who are selfish but like to think of themselves as altruistic have an incentive to overstate their pessimism. In the experiment, I ask subjects how optimistic or pessimistic they feel about an ambiguous probability and then, through a separate task, I elicit their true beliefs about the same probability. I find that selfish subjects claim to be systematically more pessimistic than they truly are whereas altruistic subjects report their pessimism (or optimism) truthfully. Given the experiment design, the only plausible explanation for this discrepancy is that selfish subjects deliberately overstate their pessimism in order to maintain the self-image of an altruistic person. Altruistic subjects, whose behavior has already proven their altruism, have no such need for belief manipulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. The Politics of Gift-Giving and Diplomatic Gifts in Traditional Korea.
- Author
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Dong No KIM
- Subjects
GIFT giving ,GENEROSITY ,HUMAN behavior ,POLITICAL culture ,POLITICAL elites ,CHOSON dynasty, Korea, 1392-1910 ,PRACTICAL politics - Abstract
This article explores the significance of gift-giving in human relationships, with a particular focus on traditional Korea. It discusses how gift exchanges create value and satisfaction for both parties involved, and examines the principles of gift exchange as outlined by anthropologists Marcel Mauss and Karl Polanyi. The article also explores the practical and symbolic functions of diplomatic gifts in establishing and fortifying international relationships and political order. It provides examples of diplomatic gift exchanges between China and neighboring countries, as well as between European countries and China. The article concludes by mentioning three papers that will further examine the practice of diplomatic gifts in East Asia, with a focus on Korea. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
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13. A Behavioral model to examine religiosity & generosity.
- Author
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Umer, Hamza
- Subjects
ISLAMIC countries ,RELIGIOUSNESS ,RELIGIOUS literature ,UTILITY functions - Abstract
The relation between religiosity and generosity is a well explored topic in the literature, however almost no existing study systematically examines the behavioral route through which religiosity influences generosity. This paper proposes a model to systematically study the inter relation between religiosity of the donor and her generosity and hence attempts to fill an important gap in the existing literature pertinent to the religious studies. The behavioral model incorporates religiosity of the donor measured by frequency of prayers in her utility function and predicts a positive relation between religiosity and generosity. The predictions of the model are tested by applying tobit maximum likelihood regressions on real donations data acquired from two controlled lab experiments performed in the United States (Christian majority country; observations = 165) and Pakistan (Muslim majority country; observations = 75). The data from both lab experiments supports the predictions of the behavioral model; ceteris paribus, subjects in the United States who regularly attend religious service donate $0.76 more compared to non-regular attenders, while subjects in Pakistan offering on average four (five) daily prayers donate 31.26 (57.14) rupees more than subjects offering only one prayer a day. The paper extends our understanding by identifying a possible route through which religiosity can influence generosity. Such an understanding can be very useful when designing a mechanism to solicit donations from the religious people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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14. RELEVANŢA CELOR ZECE PORUNCI ÎN SOCIETATEA CONTEMPORANĂ.
- Author
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FLOAREA, TIMOTEI
- Subjects
JEWISH law ,COMMUNITIES ,JUSTICE administration ,SOCIAL order ,GENEROSITY ,REVELATION ,SELF-disclosure - Abstract
This paper discusses one of the most important holy revelations that inspired the legal system of most civilized states. The Decalogue or Ten Commandments represents the foundation of the covenant relationship and the moral standards established by the sovereign God as a legal basis for the continuous relation with his people, Israel. In the first part of this paper we will point to the historical context in which the giving of the law on Mount Sinai took place, and will thus show that the covenant made with Moses was a continuance of the covenant lasting from Noah to Abraham. That being said, in this mosaic covenant, God keeps his 400 year old promise and gives laws and instructions intended to reveal his holy nature, while also establishing a moral, social and spiritual order for the Hebrew community. In the second part of this paper we will debate on the significance, purpose, structure and classification of the Mosaic law, thus attempting to define the concept of moral law. The Ten Commandments will be looked upon from three perspectives: the laws referring to a correct relationship with God, the laws related to work, and the laws related to society. The last part of our paper will focus on understanding and applying the Ten Commandments according to the new covenant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
15. The Interplay of Engineering Skills, Aesthetic Creativity, and Ethical Judgement in the Creation of Sustainable Urban Transformations: Aristotelean Perspectives on PBL.
- Author
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Mattila, Hanna, Hald, Signe, and Huynh, Dylan Chau
- Subjects
URBAN planning ,MORAL judgment ,ENGINEERING design ,URBAN hydrology ,GENEROSITY ,AESTHETICS ,CREATIVE ability - Abstract
This paper examines a PBL project module "Sustainable Urban Transformation" in an Urban Design master's education. The module combines urban design and hydrology engineering. Within the module, students are supported by lectures and study circles on various dimensions of sustainability, especially vis-a-vis climate change. However, they are left with the freedom to choose how they balance between design and engineering approaches when they give a physical form for sustainability in the site transformation projects with which they work through the semester. This paper discusses the development of their skills building on three Aristotelean concepts: techne (engineering), poiesis (aesthetic form-giving), and phronesis (making of ethical judgments). The last two concepts, the paper argues, are especially important when at issue is design education. Based on an analysis of the student projects in Fall 2022, the paper examines whether and how the students manage to find a balance between engineering skills, on the one hand, and aesthetic creativity and ethical judgement, on the other hand, in their project work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. Economic polarization and antisocial behavior: An experiment
- Author
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Maria Bigoni, Efşan Nas Özen, Stefania Bortolotti, Bigoni M., Bortolotti S., and Nas Ozen E.
- Subjects
Generosity ,Money-burning ,punishment ,Economics and Econometrics ,Inequality aversion ,money-burning ,Punishment (psychology) ,Inequality ,frustration ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Frustration ,Anger ,expectations ,inequality aversion ,Punishment ,C91 ,0502 economics and business ,Economics, finance and management [SH1 - Individuals, Institutions and Markets] ,ddc:330 ,D91 ,Economics ,050207 economics ,Positive economics ,media_common ,SH1 - Individuals, Institutions and Markets: Economics, finance and management ,Expectation ,05 social sciences ,Polarization (politics) ,Money burning ,SECS-P/01 Economia politica ,D83 ,D84 ,Quaderni - Working Paper DSE ,050206 economic theory ,D63 ,Finance ,Inequity aversion - Abstract
Economic inequality may fuel frustration, possibly leading to anger and antisocial behavior. We experimentally study a situation where only the rich can reduce inequality while the poor can express their discontent by destroying the wealth of a rich counterpart with whom they had no previous interaction. We test whether the emergence of such forms of antisocial behavior depends only on the level of inequality, or also on the conditions under which inequality occurs. We compare an environment in which the rich can unilaterally reduce inequality with one where generosity makes them vulnerable to exploitation by the poor. We find that the rich are expected to be more generous in the former scenario than in the latter, but in fact this hope is systematically violated. We also observe that the poor engage in forms of antisocial behavior more often when reducing inequality would be safe for the rich. These results cannot be rationalized by inequality aversion alone, while they are in line with recent models that focus on anger as the result of the frustration of expectations.
- Published
- 2021
17. Commentary on the identity and supererogatory actions of companies.
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,GROUP identity ,SOCIAL psychology ,SOCIOECONOMICS - Abstract
This paper argues that identity economics and social psychology provide a useful frame of reference to interpret supererogatory actions and suggests that identity of companies can be a driving force behind these actions. Companies may perform actions against the narrow sense of economic rationality if those actions serve purposes of high importance for them. The climate crisis and the more recent COVID‐19 crisis call for supererogatory actions by companies more than ever before. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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18. Arguments and Reason-Giving.
- Author
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McKeon, Matthew W.
- Subjects
ARGUMENT ,INTROSPECTION ,LOGIC ,TEXTBOOKS ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Arguments figure prominently in our practices of reason-giving. For example, we use them to advance reasons for their conclusions in order to justify believing something, to explain why we believe something, and to persuade others to believe something. Intuitively, using arguments in these ways requires a certain degree of self-reflection. In this paper, I ask: what cognitive requirements are there for using an argument to advance reasons for its conclusion? Towards a partial response, the paper's central thesis is that in order to so use an argument one must believe the associated inference claim to the effect that the premises collectively are reasons that support the conclusion. I then argue against making it a further cognitive requirement that one be aware of one's justification for believing such an inference claim. This thesis provides a rationale for the typical informal-logic textbook characterization of argument and motivates a constraint on adequate accounts of what are referred to as inference claims in the informal logic and argumentation literatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Conceptualizing responsible exits in conservation philanthropy.
- Author
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Le Cornu, Elodie, Gruby, Rebecca L., Blackwatters, Jeffrey E., Enrici, Ash, Basurto, Xavier, and Betsill, Michele
- Subjects
EVIDENCE gaps ,GRANTS (Money) ,OCEAN ,BEST practices ,CHARITABLE giving ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Conservation philanthropy has grown significantly in the past decade. As the number of philanthropic‐supported conservation initiatives increases, so too will the frequency of exits—the ending of funding relationships. A trend toward "strategic philanthropy," where foundations fund time‐limited grants, is already contributing to near‐constant exits. We draw attention to exits as a critical and ubiquitous—yet understudied—part of conservation grantmaking processes that can have tremendous impacts on the people and places foundations invest in. This paper begins to address this research gap with the first empirical study of exit processes in the context of ocean conservation philanthropy. We draw on an analysis of interviews and a knowledge co‐production workshop with donors representing 36 foundations investing in ocean conservation globally to: (1) develop a conceptual framework that broadens and clarifies definitions of exits and provides a common language to characterize exits along varied dimensions, and (2) derive best practices for exiting responsibly. This paper provides timely guidance for environmental philanthropy broadly, including the need to think about exits early and often as an integral part of the grantmaking strategy. Responsible giving must include responsible exits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Kompetencja międzykulturowa a umiejętność sporządzenia dokumentów aplikacyjnych (na materiale języka niemieckiego).
- Author
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Bawej, Izabela
- Subjects
JOB applications ,COVER letters ,LABOR market ,GERMAN language ,PERSONALLY identifiable information ,LANGUAGE & languages ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
On the job market today, people with a (very) good knowledge of a foreign language, such as German, are in demand. Candidates are required to submit their application documents in this language. Unfortunately, having grammatical correctness and a rich vocabulary are not enough to write a job application and a CV. In order to prepare these documents correctly, it is necessary to know the differences between one's own and the other culture, in this case the culture of German-speaking countries. The aim of this paper is to present the findings of an exploratory study examining errors students made naming and expressing selected elements of the non-lingual reality that represent a specific kind of reflection of new and often foreign realities in covering letters and CVs. Due to the limited framework of this paper, it is focused on intercultural aspects. While these seem to be very simple, they may cause difficulties because of the characteristic way they are presented in the acquired language, such as the use of courtesy rules, the recording of the date, giving of personal data, writing about foreign languages skills or providing information about a driving licence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. A Tale of Two Cities: An Experiment on Inequality and Preferences
- Author
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Maria Bigoni, Stefania Bortolotti, Veronica Rattini, Bigoni M., Bortolotti S., Rattini V., Maria Bigoni, Stefania Bortolotti, and Veronica Rattini
- Subjects
Beliefs ,General Decision Sciences ,Socio Economic Status ,Generosity ,Risk attitudes ,Time preferences ,Trust ,Trustworthiness ,R23 ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,C90 ,0502 economics and business ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,ddc:330 ,050207 economics ,Time preference ,D31 ,Applied Psychology ,050205 econometrics ,05 social sciences ,Socio-economic statu ,General Social Sciences ,Computer Science Applications ,SECS-P/01 Economia politica ,Quaderni - Working Paper DSE ,Belief ,Risk attitude ,D63 ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,discrimination - Abstract
The existence of a strong link between socio-economic background and individual preferences has been documented among both children and grown-ups. Here, we study whether such a correlation persists even in a highly homogeneous population of young adults: university students. Our findings indicate that participants living in an area characterized by a high socio-economic environment tend to trust more and are more inclined to reciprocate higher levels of trust, as compared to those coming from less wealthy neighborhoods. This behavioral difference is, at least in part, driven by heterogeneities in beliefs: subjects from the most affluent part of the city have more optimistic expectations on their counterpart’s trustworthiness than those living in a lower socio-economic environment. By contrast, no significant differences emerge in other preferences: generosity, risk attitudes, and time preferences. Finally, we do not find any systematic evidence of out-group discrimination based on neighborhood identity.
- Published
- 2018
22. Making Practice Publishable: What Practice Academics Need to Do to Get Their Work Published, and What that Tells Us about the Theory-practice Gap.
- Author
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Wolfenden, Helen, Sercombe, Howard, and Tucker, Paul
- Subjects
SCHOLARLY periodicals ,SOCIAL processes ,THEORY-practice relationship ,GENEROSITY ,TELEVISION - Abstract
For centuries, universities have supported the pursuit of knowledge through the academic disciplines while also preparing students for the professions. These two purposes are frequently in tension: hence widespread comment on the 'theory-practice gap'. Academic work has struggled for relevance in the field. Practice academics have struggled to find a validated place for their expertise in academia – including publication in academic journals. In this paper, we follow a practice academic's uncertain, but ultimately successful attempt to publish an article about television scheduling in the Journal of Popular Television. We find that the problem is not really about theory versus practice, or relevance versus rigour, but about profound epistemological differences. Practitioners' knowledge needed to be translated into an epistemological form that an academic journal would find acceptable. This included translating, via the use of theory, the particular and specific knowledge of practitioners into universal, context-free discourse, and a focus on social processes rather than accounts of the agency of particular actors. Generosity and openness from both sides were important to make it work. We conclude that the practitioner gap will be a problem until universities recognise it as epistemological, and pay attention to the recruitment and use of skilled translators at the academic/practice boundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. A Paradox of New Deal and Foreign Aid for Fragile States in Sub‐Saharan Africa.
- Author
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Katoka, Ben and Kwon, Huck‐ju
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,GOVERNMENT aid ,PARADOX ,SUPPLY chain management ,PUBLIC sector ,GENEROSITY ,CHARITABLE giving - Abstract
This article investigates aid delivery channels and their potential contribution to state‐capacity‐building in sub‐Saharan African (SSA) fragile and conflict‐affected states (FCSs) by drawing on the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States. Using the synthetic control method (SCM), the paper examines whether donors have implemented foreign aid following their commitment to the New Deal. It focuses on the period 2005–2019 and 44 SSA countries. Overall, the findings show that less aid is delivered through the public sector in FCSs, where building state capability is more necessary than in non‐FCSs in SSA. This shows that donor foreign aid practices do not match their commitment to the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States, although there are significant differences in donor practices. The tendency in donor aid‐giving is to bypass the public sector, which does not necessarily help strengthen capacity in FCSs. It is a paradox of foreign aid to fragile states due to the contradiction between the short‐term effectiveness of foreign aid and the long‐term necessity of state‐building in FCSs. With these findings, the paper calls for international efforts to improve aid‐giving to support state capability in FCSs. Donor foreign aid practices do not match their commitment to the New Deal for Engagement in Fragile States. This is a paradox of foreign aid due to the contradiction between the short‐term effectiveness of foreign aid and the long‐term necessity of state‐building in fragile and conflict‐affected states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Where Have All the Leftists Gone?: The Radical Right's Stealth Plan for Academia.
- Author
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Schweickart, David
- Subjects
RIGHT-wing extremism ,HIGHER education ,GENEROSITY ,RESEARCH institutes ,STUDENT organizations ,TRUST - Abstract
This paper, inspired by Duke University historian Nancy MacLean's extraordinary book Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right's Stealth Plan for America (2017), elaborates the carefully calibrated, multifaceted plan by a billionaire-funded facet of the radical right, deeply disturbed by the fact that so many students have critical views of capitalism, to transform American universities. Its multi-pronged strategy involves the following three steps: (1) Reconfigure the financial superstructure of higher education. Cut public funding for higher education and fill the gap with strategic donor giving. (2) Purge and Recruit: remove left-leaning faculty, develop a counter-intelligentsia of libertarian faculty, and foster the creation of libertarian student organizations on campus. (3) Undermine the general public's respect for and trust in our colleges and universities by manufacturing controversies that attract widespread attention. This paper examines each of these in detail, with particular attention given to the myriad of privately funded institutional "think tanks" involved in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Fore-Giving in Time: A Husserlian Reading of Genesis , Luke , and John.
- Author
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Costello, Peter R.
- Subjects
FORGIVENESS ,READING ,OTHER (Philosophy) ,GENEROSITY ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,SUBJECTIVITY ,SELF - Abstract
This paper attempts to perform a phenomenology of forgiveness by way of careful analysis of texts on time-consciousness and alterity by Edmund Husserl. It does so in two ways: first, by identifying the manner in which we give time to ourselves as both absolute and concrete subjectivity; and second by identifying the way in which our relation to other persons has an isomorphic, structural similarity with our self-relation as temporality. The final part of the paper engages with three biblical texts—the story of Joseph and his brothers in Genesis, where forgiveness is mentioned for the first time—and two short passages in the Gospels of Luke and John. Ultimately, the paper concludes that forgiveness of self and other occurs as a kind of pre-giving or fore-giving in the sense of opening up new meaning for us all to inhabit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Revisiting “big ideas in services marketing” 30 years later.
- Author
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Berry, Leonard L.
- Subjects
MARKETING theory ,CUSTOMER services ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,SCHOLARS ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Purpose – “Big Ideas in Services Marketing”, published in 1987, identified seven precepts fundamental to the just emerging field; this paper aims to explore the relevance of these ideas three decades later and discuss what should be changed and what should be added. Design/methodology/approach – Deep reflection on the central ideas proposed in a paper written 30 years ago through the lens of the author’s personal research and learning journey was the basis for preparing this retrospective essay. Findings – The seven ideas presented in the original paper have stood the test of time although one of the seven “services branding” was incompletely developed. After 30 years, four more ideas need to be added, i.e. competing on value, meeting and exceeding customers’ expectations, saving customers’ time and effort, and generosity. Originality/value – The proposals in the 1987 paper offered an early framework for consideration by scholars who have produced a worthy body of work and brought services marketing into its own as a legitimate discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Aid allocation across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus: the role of fragility as a donors' motive.
- Author
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Yabe, Kazuma, Opršal, Zdeněk, Harmáček, Jaromír, and Syrovátka, Miroslav
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,HUMANITARIAN assistance ,SUSTAINABLE development ,SELF-interest ,PEACE ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Fragility continues to present major challenges to achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). International aid, particularly the Official Development Assistance (ODA), is a critical source of finance to deliver humanitarian assistance, development projects, and peace operations in fragile contexts. This study analyses if and how donors are motivated by fragility in their aid allocation across the humanitarian-development-peace nexus. Employing the random-effect Tobit method, the role of fragility as a donors' motive is analysed alongside three conventional categories of motives: self-interest, recipients' needs, and merit. The empirical analysis demonstrates an association between aid allocation across the nexus and fragility, but also a great degree of heterogeneity depending on the donor and the pillar of the nexus. It also detects a significant difference between how the state of fragility correlates with aid allocation and how the degree of fragility does so. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The contested politics of food banking in the United States.
- Author
-
Lohnes, Joshua
- Subjects
- *
FOOD banks , *PRESIDENTIAL administrations , *POLITICAL movements , *MUNICIPAL services , *GENEROSITY ,UNITED States economy - Abstract
Rising out of the devolution of public services to private actors during the Reagan administration, the food banking economy in the United States is now a multi-billion-dollar industry. The social and political movements that institutionalized charitable food networks are diverse and often contradictory, offering a window into the politics and competing interests of a U.S. food system that has long grappled with glaring contradictions between food waste and hunger. In this paper, I analyze shifting moral economies of hunger relief within a diverse social movement (re)negotiating a set of legal codes and social norms established over the past forty years of hunger relief through charity. I argue that charitable food networks offer a window into the political contest currently unfolding over the future of the U.S. food system. As such, the debates within these spaces are critical to understand the broader politics of food provisioning in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Surveillance, Capitalism, Leisure, and Data: Being Watched, Giving, Becoming.
- Author
-
Cousineau, Luc S., Kumm, Brian E., and Schultz, Callie
- Subjects
LEISURE ,GENEROSITY ,CAPITALISM ,BIG data ,CONCEPTUAL models - Abstract
This conceptual paper aims to serve two purposes: 1) introduce theories of surveillance to aid leisure scholars in exploring surveillance in its many forms; and, 2) add to the discussion on surveillance by layering "the leisure body" onto existing theory. We begin by introducing three groupings of "surveillance" theory: panoptic surveillance (think Bentham and Foucault), post-panoptical surveillance (think Deleuze), and contemporary surveillance (Galič et al., 2017). Panoptic surveillance is a physical surveillance (reliant on a fleshy body and physical space) where, like in Bentham's and Foucault's panopticons, the individual polices personal presentation and action under the presumption of being watched. We theorize this as surveillance on the body; it is body-to-body even as it is mediated through technology. Post-panoptical surveillance is less dependent on distinct, physical spaces, and particularly those of enclosure. We theorize this as the digital merging with the physical, where surveillance comes from the interaction of the technological with the fleshy body. Although this surveillance is less reliant on specific times and spaces—occurring within or through the body—it is nonetheless conditioned by our physical connections to technological devices. This is technology-to-body surveillance that is dependent on a physical interaction between the two. Contemporary surveillance is not dependent upon a physical linkage between technology and the body or a space of enclosure; it both marks an individual and simultaneously dissolves them into an ocean of big data. It is an inescapable surveillance as existence in the modern world. We call this technobody surveillance where the need for the interaction between technologies and fleshy bodies is subsumed by the gaseous and pervasive nature of apparatuses of surveillance. With each, we provide an exemplar from leisure practice, time, and/or space to illustrate how each operates within leisure phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. The Evolution of Mutual Benefit in China's Foreign Aid Policy.
- Author
-
Min Zhang, Lau Schulpen, and Dirk-Jan Koch
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL economic assistance ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,GOVERNMENT report writing ,GOVERNMENT publications ,SELF-interest ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Explicitly stating that its aid giving is based on the principle of mutual benefit is a distinctive feature of China's foreign aid. How the mutual benefit principle is interpreted in China's aid policy and why it remains perhaps the most durable aid principle over time is worth investigating. By comprehensively reviewing Chinese policy briefs and reports, white papers, government documents and speeches, this article finds that while mutual benefit has been a basic principle, the Chinese government's statement and its role in the aid policy has continuously varied over the years. During Mao's period, the mutual benefit was introduced as a basic principle but its importance was limited due to the country's policy statement indicating more the beneficiaries' benefit. Then after the Reform and Opening policy in 1978, mutual benefit moved to the centre of China's aid policy statement. Following the turn of the new century, particularly after 2011, China's aid policy again pays more attention to recipient interest, and the importance of stressing mutual benefit decreased. The flexible use of mutual benefit is an important characteristic while it has remained a central element. Additionally, because self-interest is an integral part of mutual benefit, it fits with China's pragmatic thinking on foreign aid, legitimizes the goal of China pursuing economic interests, softens the tone of China pursuing its political interests and to some extent alleviates the domestic critics on China's aid relations. The main conclusion is that Chinese aid would benefit from more conceptual clarity with respect to mutual benefit and a more stable application over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
31. Stratégies De Gestion Des Conflits Fonciers Intra Familiauxà Douafla Dans La Sous-Préfecture De Sinfra (Centre-Ouest Ivoirien)
- Author
-
Fallé Landry Yves
- Subjects
Generosity ,Family unit ,Paper document ,Argument ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Locality ,Regional science ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Resolution (logic) ,media_common - Abstract
Our study is focused on intra-family conflicts in the locality of Douafala at the sub-prefecture of Sinfra in the west center of Cote d'Ivoire. It has helped us to understand and analyze the causes of intra-family conflicts within the families of Douafla and the processes used in solving them. The argument is that intra-family land conflicts take many forms in the locality of Douafala and the actors use specific techniques to resolve these conflicts. The study was guided by the main question: What are the intra-family land conflicts existing in Douafla which justifies the land conflicts existing within the family unit? To answer this question, we have developed three hypotheses from the three specific objectives. Indeed, the first objective was to identify intra-family conflicts in Douafla. The second objective was to analyze the intra-family conflicts and the adopted (customary and administrative) strategies of this conflict. Finally, the last objective was to analyze the procedures adopted by the authorities in the resolution of this conflict. At the end of our analysis, we stated that land in all its forms generates conflicts that are sometimes adjustable. Land conflicts, therefore, arise due to generosity in the past and the lack of paper document of the land.
- Published
- 2018
32. FİNLANDİYA TATAR AYDINI HASAN HAMİDULLA (1900-1988): HAYATI VE ESERLERİ.
- Author
-
ÖZALAN, Uluhan
- Subjects
NINETEENTH century ,MERCHANTS ,BIOGRAPHY (Literary form) ,PAMPHLETS ,INTELLECTUALS ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Turkish Literature, Culture, Education is the property of International Journal of Turkish, Literature, Culture, Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
33. The Economics of Happiness.
- Author
-
Helliwell, John F.
- Subjects
SUBJECTIVE well-being (Psychology) ,ECONOMICS & psychology ,ECONOMIC development ,HAPPINESS ,GENEROSITY ,MARRIED people & psychology ,SINGLE people ,PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The article offers the author's insights on the use of subjective well-being in economic analysis, particularly quality of economic development. Topics include two different measures of subjective well-being such as life evaluations and emotional reports, a study on happiness-producing power of generosity, and another study which found that married people are more happier than singles in Great Britain.
- Published
- 2015
34. Good Will Hunting: Do Disasters Make Us More Charitable?
- Author
-
Cevik, Serhan
- Abstract
Humans are usually compassionate, caring and empathetic toward others, but are we really hard-wired for altruism when a disaster hits? There is evidence that people exposed to natural disasters tend to behave more philanthropically, but most studies rely on small-scale surveys and experimental data. For that reason, this paper makes a novel contribution to the literature by investigating whether the COVID-19 pandemic has altered prosocial tendencies and charitable donations, using a novel daily dataset of debit and credit card transactions. I conduct a real-time analysis of actual charitable donations in three European countries (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) and find that the COVID-19 pandemic and government interventions have no significant effect on how much people contribute to charities as a share of total spending. A higher preference for precautionary savings in the midst of the pandemic appears to outweigh altruistic behavior, while government welfare programs crowds out private charitable donations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
35. An integrative review of gift‐giving research in consumer behavior and marketing.
- Author
-
Givi, Julian, Birg, Laura, Lowrey, Tina M., and Galak, Jeff
- Subjects
- *
GENEROSITY , *LITERATURE reviews , *CONSUMER behavior research , *CONSUMER behavior , *GIFT giving , *VALUE creation - Abstract
In recent decades, scholars across all areas of marketing have studied consumer gift‐giving behavior. Despite the growing popularity of this research topic, no extensive review of the gift‐giving literature exists. To that end, this paper offers an expansive review of research on consumer gift‐giving, focusing primarily on work coming from within the marketing discipline, but also drawing on foundational pieces from other fields. We review extant scholarship on five of gift‐giving's most important aspects—givers' motivations, givers' inputs, giver‐recipient mismatches, value creation/reduction, and the greater gift‐giving context. In doing so, we illuminate the literature's key agreements and disagreements, shed light on themes that traverse ostensibly disparate gift‐giving findings, and develop deeper conceptualizations of gifting constructs. Moreover, we identify opportunities for improvement in the gift‐giving literature and use them to create key agendas for future gift‐giving research. In sum, this paper offers a single point of reference for gift‐giving scholars, improves academia's current understanding of gift‐giving, offers several theoretical contributions, and generates multiple paths for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Sostenibilidad, cambio climático y ¿biodiversidad?: el apoyo de las redes municipales transnacionales a la gobernanza medioambiental.
- Author
-
Ruiz-Campillo, Xira
- Subjects
- *
NETWORK governance , *BIODIVERSITY , *TREATIES , *SUSTAINABLE development , *LOCAL elections , *GENEROSITY ,PARIS Agreement (2016) - Abstract
The paper identifies the links between transnational municipal networks and international agreements in the environmental arena. It is taken for granted that transnational municipal networks support global environmental action and the process of sustainable development, in particular giving access to resources, with technical support and knowledge, but to what extent international agreements such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement, or the Convention on Biological Diversity guide the action of these networks? The research resorts to content analysis to examine the goals, mission, and published documents of two networks in particular, ICLEI and Mercosur, in the search for clear connections with the intergovernmental level. The paper contributes to the understanding of the role of transnational municipal networks in environmental governance, identifying through abductive reasoning the diffusion of norm from the international to the local level and underlining the importance of the role of international, national and local actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Austrian Theory and The Economics of Charitable Action: The Special Application of Praxeology and Understanding.
- Author
-
BLOCK, WALTER E. and HUGHES, MARK D.
- Subjects
PRAXEOLOGY ,HUMAN behavior ,CHARITABLE giving ,SELF-interest ,ACTION theory (Psychology) ,GENEROSITY ,ALTRUISM - Abstract
The study of charitable giving is the stepchild of economics. One looks in vain in most textbooks in the dismal science for even one entry. Yes, yes, it accounts for a smaller share of the GDP than wages, interest payments, profits, and other desiderata. However, the amounts donated are not insignificant. But, even if voluntary donations were near zero, this phenomenon should still garner more interest than it has. This paper is an attempt in small part to rectify this misallocation of scarce intellectual resources. The science of economics--as expressed by the subjectivist method of the Austrian school--explains the logic of charitable action. Praxeology tells us that people act charitable with the hope that their action will move them from a less preferred state of being to one that is more preferred. The Austrian theory of charitable action says that charitable action is--as is any purposeful action--decidedly self-interested. While altruism is an important motive for many--if not most--charitable people; it is ultimately secondary to the primary purpose of human action: self-interest. Moreover, there are many other secondary motives with no connection to altruism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
38. Ambivalent storage, multi-scalar generosity, and challenges of/for everyday consumption.
- Author
-
Collins, Rebecca and Stanes, Elyse
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,YOUNG adults ,SUSTAINABLE consumption ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,STORAGE ,DISINVESTMENT - Abstract
Copyright of Social & Cultural Geography is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Families and Financial Support: Comparing Black and Asian American College Students.
- Author
-
Wiggins, Yolanda, Harrington, Blair, and Gerstel, Naomi
- Subjects
AFRICAN American college students ,FAMILY support ,ASIAN American students ,AFRICAN American students ,PSYCHOLOGY of students ,GENEROSITY ,KINSHIP - Abstract
Although many recognize that families shape the likelihood of getting into college, few examine variation in families' involvement during college or its implications for sustaining inequalities. Using interviews with 51 Black and 61 Asian American college students, our analysis reveals that class and race jointly shape students' perceptions of the financial assistance that they receive from and give to family—whether in the short term (during college) or their plans for the long term (post-college). Advantaged students across race receive more and provide less assistance than disadvantaged students. Both disadvantaged Black and Asian American students share future intentions of support, but only disadvantaged Black students give their families money during college. Race and class affect students' framing of family and designation of the particular family members (whether parents, siblings, extended kin, or fictive kin) included in these exchanges. Lastly, we analyze the ways these different forms of assistance shape students' college struggles; Black students experience the most strain due to their working and giving back during college. Drawing on and developing theories addressing the models and practices of familial diversity, this paper shows how class and race intersect to shape family assistance and its consequences for the persistence of inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Gender differences in altruism and the price of altruism: evidence from restaurant tips.
- Author
-
Parrett, Matt
- Subjects
ALTRUISM ,PRICES ,RESTAURANTS - Abstract
This paper examines gender differences in altruism using restaurant tipping data. More specifically, we investigate how male and female customer percentage tips vary as the price of altruism (bill size) varies and find that females tip more than males when altruism is cheap, males tip more than females when altruism is expensive, and that females are more responsive to the price of altruism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The Semiotic Resourcefulness of Okutongerera among Haya Newlyweds.
- Author
-
Muganda, Godfrey, Keya, Antoni M., and Rutechura, Frolence
- Subjects
NEWLYWEDS ,RESOURCEFULNESS ,GENEROSITY ,WEDDINGS - Abstract
This paper examines okutongerera incantations to determine their semiotic resourcefulness in the giving of presents to Haya newlyweds. The data are from three wedding ceremonies which took place in Bukoba town, Kagera Region. The analysis is informed by social semiotic theory. The findings indicate that the incantations use security-related expressions, precautionary expressions, well-wishing expressions, and main-use-of-thetools/weapon expressions. These expressions are accompanied by different symbolic actions. The findings show that okutongerera incantations are relatively more resourceful than other kinds of incantations as they have more to communicate regarding the life of the newlyweds than the other kinds do. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
42. The 'Logic of Gift' Inspiring Behavior in Organizations Beyond the Limits of Duty and Exchange.
- Author
-
Baviera, Tomás, English, William, and Guillén, Manuel
- Subjects
GENEROSITY ,GIFTS ,LOGIC ,RESPONSIBILITY ,ORGANIZATIONAL behavior ,INDUSTRIAL psychology - Abstract
Giving without the expectation of reward is difficult to understand in organizational contexts. In opposition to a logic based on self-interest or a sense of duty, a "logic of gift" has been proposed as a way to understand the phenomenon of free, unconditional giving. However, the rationale behind, and effects of, this logic have been under-explored. This paper responds by first clarifying the three logics of action--the logic of exchange, the logic of duty, and the logic of gift--and then explains how their balanced integration promises to enhance organizational life and outcomes. Having explicated the unique character and contributions of the logic of gift, the paper further suggests practical implications for management. Encouraging the logic of gift fosters more humane relationships within organizations and to enable individuals to be generous in ways that inspire trust and promote creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. SLAVIC HUMANITY IN RESEARCH OF PERSA MILENKOVIC’S LEGACY.
- Author
-
Đolić, Slobodanka
- Subjects
HUMANITY ,MONASTERIES ,GENEROSITY ,SPIRITUALITY ,SOCIAL services - Abstract
Orthodox temples and monasteries are considered places where the faith of one nation is preserved. We see them as the places close to God that bring the faith of spirituality into our hearts. Persa Milenkovic with two churches and one monastery that she built with her funds were reason enough to view this form of legacy as the culmination of generosity and a sign of pure love for her people living in harmony with God. Persida Milenkovic comes to the center of interest as a person who combined all that - endowment and spirituality and continued to live with the ideas of philanthropy, empathy, and selfless giving.True love creates a feeling of empathy for the environment. That strongest positive emotion in a person is the source of life. We see Serbia, through the humanitarian deeds of Persa Milenkovic, as a sign of love that is expressed through endowments. That is why we could not but show respect and make a deep bow to the patronage and charity of Persida, but also other valuable mentions of Serbian benefactors. Based on the research of Persa Milenkovic's legacy, we will show the historical circumstances under which endowments and legacies were created, primarily in Belgrade. The task of the paper is, among other things, to underline the peoples’ dedication to spirituality contrary to material enrichment. That balance and duality that follow the path through time is a factor of inheritance that is passed down through generations. When a man understands the law of the universe seen in the duality between spirituality and materialistic aspirations, he will realize the balance of soul, spirit, and body. Such circumstances lead to happiness, love, and serenity.In this paper, we try to point out the link between endowments in Serbia and the spiritual culture created on the foundations of the Serbian state in the past centuries. The aim is to show that the donation of endowments, as a characteristic of the Slavic peoples, was left to help the development of the Serbian state and its people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
44. On the inseparability of reasoning and virtue: Madame de Maintenon's Maison royale de Saint‐Louis.
- Author
-
Shapiro, Lisa
- Subjects
SCHOOLGIRLS ,HABITUATION (Neuropsychology) ,GENEROSITY ,SOCIAL norms ,VIRTUE ,PHILOSOPHY of education - Abstract
This paper engages with the curriculum at Madame de Maintenon's school for girls at Saint‐Cyr to raise and address a set of questions: What is it to teach someone to reason? The curricular materials of Saint‐Cyr suggest that learning to reason is a matter of practice. How is one to distinguish autonomous reason giving from habituation or automatic trained responses? How can practices in reason giving informed by social mores have objective validity? Moreover, if we think of the role of a philosopher as the cultivation of rational faculties and recognize that how this role is played is bound up with social norms, by what standards ought we to evaluate whether a philosophical educator is good or bad? Intertwined with the discussion is also a question about the limits of philosophy for the question. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. How immigration affects the welfare state in the short and long run: Differences between social spending and policy generosity.
- Author
-
Römer, Friederike
- Subjects
EMIGRATION & immigration ,GENEROSITY - Abstract
Copyright of European Policy Analysis is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Factors of subjective household economic well-being in transition countries: Friends or institutions in need?
- Author
-
Salnikova, Daria
- Subjects
GENEROSITY ,SOCIAL status ,HOUSEHOLDS ,WELL-being ,SOCIAL institutions ,SOCIAL capital ,PUBLIC welfare policy ,SOCIAL classes - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between social capital and subjective ranking of household economic well-being in transition countries. The current study tests whether the performance of formal institutions moderates this link. Design/methodology/approach: The analyses are based on the data from the second wave of the Life in Transition Survey. The measures "generosity of welfare policy (social safety nets)" and "ability of formal institutions to control inflation" were provided by the Bertelsmann Transformation Index Project. The study uses four measures of social capital: trust in family, trust in friends and acquaintances, trust in most people and the number of support sources. To test the hypotheses, the study employs mixed-effects regression models. Findings: The study indicates a significant positive effect of social capital on subjective household well-being. Formal institutions do not have a significant effect on subjective ranking of household well-being. The evidence on institutions as moderators rejects the substitution effect between formal institutions and social capital. Higher generosity of welfare policy institutions and higher ability of formal institutions to control inflation strengthen the positive effect of particular trust (trust in family and trust in friends and acquaintances) on subjective ranking on the ladder of social standing (subjective ranking of household well-being), which is in line with the "crowding in" theory. Originality/value: The paper adds on the limited research on transition countries. The paper contributes to the discussion on "crowding in" and "crowding out" effects of formal institutions on social capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. الحطيئة بين البخل والكرم)قصيدة "وطاوي ثلاث" نموذجاً(
- Author
-
SHAIKH HUSAYN, Ahmad
- Abstract
Copyright of Kırıkkale University Journal of Social Sciences is the property of Kirikkale University Journal of Social Science (KUJSS) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
48. When AI meets internet public welfare: a study of the impact of intelligent customer service avatars on individual online donation behavior.
- Author
-
Huang, Xiaozhi, Wei, Meiting, and Xiang, Siyuan
- Subjects
PUBLIC welfare ,AVATARS (Virtual reality) ,CUSTOMER services ,GENEROSITY ,PUBLIC meetings ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,GIFT giving - Abstract
Intelligent customer service avatars are widely used on online public welfare platforms. Interactions with intelligent customer service avatars may influence an individual's online giving behavior. Intelligent customer service avatars are characterized by both formal and behavioral realism dimensions. However, the existing literature focuses on exploring the impact of one of the dimensions of intelligent customer service avatars on individuals' online donation behavior, and less literature focuses on the joint impact of both dimensions of the avatars on individuals' online donation behavior. This paper explores the impact, mechanisms, and boundary conditions of two dimensions of intelligent customer service avatars on online donation behavior. The results of the study indicate that intelligent customer service avatars with high (vs. low) formal or behavioral realism positively influence individuals' online donation behavior, and that intelligent customer service avatars with high formal-high behavioral realism have the greatest positive impact on individuals' online donation behavior. Psychological closeness mediates the above effects. Importantly, the effect of intelligent customer service avatars on individuals' online donation behavior was more significant in the high (vs. low) attachment anxiety group. This study not only has important theoretical implications for the fields of avatar marketing, charitable giving, and consumer attachment style research, but also has important practical implications for promoting the future development and contextual use of intelligent customer service avatars in the charitable sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Pullin' Notes Out.
- Author
-
Moe, Peter Wayne
- Subjects
- *
READING , *GENEROSITY , *WRITING education , *TEACHING , *VIRTUES - Abstract
It is easy to fall into different modes of reading: books for pleasure, student papers for teaching. This essay considers what it might look like to read student work generously, arguing such generosity shifts a teacher's relationship to student writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Generosity of old‐age pensions for the self‐employed—A typology of European welfare states.
- Author
-
Höppner, Julia
- Abstract
Research on pension generosity has so far used employees in standard employment as the reference point, ignoring nonstandard forms of employment such as the self‐employed. Moreover, as one of the major concepts of welfare state analysis, generosity has not been considered in research on the old‐age security of the self‐employed. Hence, there is a ‘missing link’ between the two strands in the literature. This paper aims to close this research gap by analysing the differences between 12 European welfare states regarding the generosity of old‐age pensions for the self‐employed. Based on the degree of strictness of access and benefit level, a typology is developed that results in four types of generosity: high generosity, low generosity, basic security and selective generosity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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