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1. Small temperature variations are a key regulator of reproductive growth and assimilate storage in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis).

Author

Tani N, Abdul Hamid ZA, Joseph N, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Arai T, Satake A, Kondo T, and Kosugi A

Subjects
Rain, Seasons, Temperature, Arecaceae growth & development, Arecaceae metabolism, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Climate Change, Palm Oil, Reproduction, Starch metabolism
Abstract

Oil palm is an important crop for global vegetable oil production, and is widely grown in the humid tropical regions of Southeast Asia. Projected future climate change may well threaten palm oil production. However, oil palm plantations currently produce large amounts of unutilised biological waste. Oil palm stems - which comprise two-thirds of the waste - are especially relevant because they can contain high levels of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) that can serve as feedstock for biorefineries. The NSC in stem are also considered a potent buffer to source-sink imbalances. In the present study, we monitored stem NSC levels and female reproductive growth. We then applied convergent cross mapping (CCM) to assess the causal relationship between the time-series. Mutual causal relationships between female reproductive growth and the stem NSC were detected, with the exception of a relationship between female reproductive organ growth and starch levels. The NSC levels were also influenced by long-term cumulative temperature, with the relationship showing a seven-month time lag. The dynamic between NSC levels and long-term cumulative rainfall showed a shorter time lag. The lower temperatures and higher cumulative rainfall observed from October to December identify this as a period with maximum stem NSC stocks.

Published
2020
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2. An intensive study plot to investigate chestnut tree reproduction

Author

Teresa Barreneche, Rémy J. Petit, Clément Larue, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), and This paper is part of the PhD of CL. This work was supported by ANRt funding under CIFRE PhD program to CL. Financial support to Invenio for this project was provided by the Conseil Regional d'Aquitaine for CL PhD work, and as part of the REGINA project to RJP. The PGTB facility where part of the work was conducted benefits from grants from the Conseil Regional d'Aquitaine no. 20030304002FA and 20040305003FA, from the European Union FEDER no. 2003227 and from Investissements d'Avenir (ANR-10-EQPX-16-01).

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Flower types, Genotype, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], SNP, Biology, Fagaceae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Plot (graphics), 03 medical and health sciences, Formal analysis, Varietal identification, Male sterility, Astaminate, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, Investigation, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, Chataignier, Forestry, Species assignation, 15. Life on land, Resources, chataigne, Tree (data structure), [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, Phenotype, Staminate, Fruit, Arbre fruitier, Castanea sp, Reproduction, Male sterility Conceptualization
Abstract

Key message Pollination is a key step for fruit production. To provide a tool for future in-depth analysis of pollination in chestnut, we describe in detail a chestnut orchard (location, genotype, phenotype and seed-set of all trees). Context Chestnuts, which are insect-pollinated trees, have been massively planted around the world for nut production. Orchards are planted with clonal varieties selected from crosses between the European chestnuts (Castanea sativa) and Japanese chestnuts (C. crenata) or Chinese chestnuts (C. mollissima) because these two last species are tolerant to blight and ink diseases. Aims To characterize chestnut genetic resources and accurately model male and female fitness as well as pollen exchanges in orchards, we characterized all chestnuts of the INRAE chestnut germplasm collection located near Bordeaux (France). Methods All chestnut trees were geolocated and genotyped using 79 SNP and 98 SSR loci. We scored their flowering phenology using chestnut BBCH scale and precisely described their phenotype (height, diameter a breast height (DBH), canopy diameter…), their capacity to produce pollen (flower type, catkins length…) and their fruit production (number of burrs, seed-set…). Results We geolocated 275 trees and genotyped 273 of them. We identified 115 unique genotypes and assigned each genotype to species. To assess phenology, we evaluated 244 trees twice a week, for 6 weeks from early June to mid-July. We also described tree phenotypes with 11 variables, pollen production with 5 variables and fruit production with 3 variables. All measures were recorded in 2018 except seed set that was measured two consecutive years, in 2018 and 2019. Conclusion The data collected is very detailed and allows modelling precisely pollen exchanges between trees. Parts of this data have been successfully published in scientific articles. Data are available at: https://data.inrae.fr/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.15454/GSJSWW Associated metadata are available at:https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/fre/catalog.search#/metadata/02c5ca07-1536-4f89-9a0c-9e8d44a91287

Published
2021

3. Switchover mode of reproduction and the problem of coordination

Author

Vladimir Ivanovich Mayevsky and This paper was prepared with the financial support from the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 14-18-02948).

Subjects
switchover mode of reproduction, Labour economics, coordination, capital, SWITCHOVER MODE OF REPRODUCTION, Reproduction (economics), CIRCULATION, Switchover, Fixed capital, lcsh:Regional economics. Space in economics, reproduction, DEPRECIATION, CAPITAL, Economics, Circulation (currency), fixed capital, General Environmental Science, Mode of reproduction, COORDINATION, model, Depreciation, Monetary policy, MONEY, General Social Sciences, General Medicine, General Business, Management and Accounting, lcsh:HT388, MODEL, depreciation, REPRODUCTION, Capital (economics), money, circulation, Economic system, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, FIXED CAPITAL
Abstract

The proposed version of macroeconomic theory of capital reproduction is related to thethesis that the dynamics of the economy are caused by the change in generations of capital and there is a problem of coordination between these generations. This paper discusses the so-called “switchover mode of reproduction”. As shown by the mathematical model, a coordinated growth is possible when the social and economic interests are agreed between the labor and the capital, as well as under a monetary policy that stimulates such growth. An uncoordinated growth poses a threat of economic crisis. This paper was prepared with the financial support from the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 14-18-02948).

Published
2015