406 results
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2. Children's Rights Concept in Modern Social and Humanitarian Discourse
- Author
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Chernaya, Anna V.
- Abstract
The objective of the paper is the discourse analysis of studies on the child's rights in humanitarian and social sciences. In the paper, the scientific discourse method -- conceptual analysis -- is employed. About 140 sources on children's rights within the subject field of philosophy, history, law, political and social sciences were used as the methodological material, and so were the regulatory, analytical and methodological data within the time span of 1999-2018. The research interests and priorities in studying the children's rights that are specific for each of the sciences have been outlined, as well as their contribution to the fulfillment of the human essence; enforcement of legal norms; protection of the rights of the child in crisis periods of history; establishment of the mediation institution; and control of social relationships. The system-forming concepts in children's rights research have been identified: the social and cultural context of children's rights; children's rights and children's welfare, health and survival; the rights-based approach to categories of "excluded" and "invisible children"; children's rights as an institution of legal socialization and legal culture; awareness raising and education in the sphere of human/children's rights. The scientific discourse on children's rights in the social and humanitarian knowledge conceptualizes and enriches new research paradigms in this field.
- Published
- 2018
3. Research productivity of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in science and social sciences.
- Author
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Meo SA, Mahesar AL, Sheikh SA, Sattar K, and Bukhari IA
- Subjects
- Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Research trends, Social Sciences
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the research progress of Gulf Cooperation Council countries in science and social sciences., Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from June 2014 to February 2015.All research documents related to the 1996-2013 period having an affiliation with Gulf Cooperation Council countries, including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and Oman, were tracked. The main source for data-gathering was World Association of Universities, Sci-mago Journal and Country ranking and Web of Science Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) Thomson Reuters., Results: Of the 544 institutions produced research papers, 141(25.92%) were universities or degree-awarding institutes, 372(68.38%) were research institutes and 31(5.7%) were Institute of Scientific Information-indexed scientific journals. The number of degree awarding institutes were 68(48.23%) in Saudi Arabia, 33(23.4%) in the United Arab Emirates and 12(8.51%) in Qatar. The total number of publications contributed by the region was 133638 (Mean ± SD: 22273 ± 26302.20); citable documents 127739 (Mean ± SD: 21289.83 ±25241.22); self-citations 105,716 (Mean ± SD: 17619.33 ± 23328.44); total citations 756141 (Mean ± SD: 126023.5 ± 143260.95) and citations per documents 33.22 (Mean ± SD: 5.53 ± 1.09).The overall and mean Hirschindex was 513and 85.5± 35.39., Conclusions: Among Gulf Cooperation Council countries, Saudi Arabia was the most productive country producing adequate number of research publications, citations and holding the highest Hirsch index value.
- Published
- 2016
4. 'Heavy Mountains' for Chinese Humanities and Social Science Academics in the Quest for World-Class Universities
- Author
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Gao, Xuesong and Zheng, Yongyan
- Abstract
This paper explores the impacts of research excellence evaluation entailed in global ranking exercises, a control strategy characteristic of new managerialism, on Chinese Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS) academics. The enquiry combines the Critical Incidents Technique (CIT) and internet-based discourse analysis, drawing on mass media texts and social media discussions. Our analysis identified three major dilemmas that may be created for Chinese HSS academics by their country's aspirations for world-class universities embedded in its complicated socio-political context. First, a highly centralised system restrains academics' autonomy to decide what to research and where to publish. Second, they are conflicted by the need to simultaneously attend to nationalistic interests and publish internationally. Third, ideological correctness is highly important. These findings invite us to reflect on the profound impact of university ranking exercises as a mode of university governance on HSS academics in many contexts.
- Published
- 2020
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5. Polarity in Sociology of Knowledge: The Relationship between Disciplinarity, Curriculum, and Social Justice
- Author
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Shalem, Yael and Allais, Stephanie
- Abstract
This paper examines two influential views within the sociology of knowledge, specifically in literature examining relationships between knowledge, curriculum, and social justice, located in the South African context of extreme inequality and poverty. The first emphasizes the role of disciplines in creating criteria of powerful knowledge, arguing that knowledge must be evidence-based, generalizable, and revisable. The second argues for the importance of the social origins of knowledge for reasons both of strengthening knowledge and creating curricula that foster confidence in young scholars. We then draw on what we see as the strongest claims of each view and explore the value they bring to thinking about knowledge and curriculum debates raised by community of practitioners within three disciplines in the social science -- economics, education studies, and history. Our brief consideration of these disciplines reveals that different disciplines face specific challenges which transverse, in different ways, the polarity which characterizes the debate so far. Strong aspects of each view feature in the development of each of the three disciplines, some in negative ways. This is an interesting finding, which demonstrates that principled debates couched in epistemological terms, when applied to specific disciplines, do not remain as a simple binary.
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
6. Ten simple rules for reading a scientific paper
- Author
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William A. Petri, Kevin L Steiner, and Maureen A. Carey
- Subjects
Science and Technology Workforce ,Economics ,Social Sciences ,Scientific literature ,Careers in Research ,Key (music) ,Habits ,Learning and Memory ,Sociology ,Reading (process) ,Psychology ,Biology (General) ,media_common ,Simple (philosophy) ,Textbooks ,Ecology ,Library card ,Careers ,Publications ,Research Assessment ,Professions ,Editorial ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Modeling and Simulation ,Research Reporting Guidelines ,Educational Status ,Periodicals as Topic ,Employment ,QH301-705.5 ,Science Policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Education ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Level of Effort ,Human Learning ,Genetics ,Mathematics education ,Learning ,Early career ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Publishing ,Behavior ,Research ,Cognitive Psychology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Advice (programming) ,Reading ,Labor Economics ,People and Places ,Scientists ,Cognitive Science ,Population Groupings ,Undergraduates ,Neuroscience - Abstract
“There is no problem that a library card can't solve” according to author Eleanor Brown [1]. This advice is sound, probably for both life and science, but even the best tool (like the library) is most effective when accompanied by instructions and a basic understanding of how and when to use it. For many budding scientists, the first day in a new lab setting often involves a stack of papers, an email full of links to pertinent articles, or some promise of a richer understanding so long as one reads enough of the scientific literature. However, the purpose and approach to reading a scientific article is unlike that of reading a news story, novel, or even a textbook and can initially seem unapproachable. Having good habits for reading scientific literature is key to setting oneself up for success, identifying new research questions, and filling in the gaps in one’s current understanding; developing these good habits is the first crucial step. Advice typically centers around two main tips: read actively and read often. However, active reading, or reading with an intent to understand, is both a learned skill and a level of effort. Although there is no one best way to do this, we present 10 simple rules, relevant to novices and seasoned scientists alike, to teach our strategy for active reading based on our experience as readers and as mentors of undergraduate and graduate researchers, medical students, fellows, and early career faculty. Rules 1–5 are big picture recommendations. Rules 6–8 relate to philosophy of reading. Rules 9–10 guide the “now what?” questions one should ask after reading and how to integrate what was learned into one’s own science.
- Published
- 2020
7. The contribution of cause-effect link to representing the core of scientific paper—The role of Semantic Link Network.
- Author
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Cao, Mengyun, Sun, Xiaoping, and Zhuge, Hai
- Subjects
- *
COMPLEXITY (Philosophy) , *CAUSATION (Philosophy) , *SEMANTICS , *RESEARCH , *PHILOSOPHY - Abstract
The Semantic Link Network is a general semantic model for modeling the structure and the evolution of complex systems. Various semantic links play different roles in rendering the semantics of complex system. One of the basic semantic links represents cause-effect relation, which plays an important role in representation and understanding. This paper verifies the role of the Semantic Link Network in representing the core of text by investigating the contribution of cause-effect link to representing the core of scientific papers. Research carries out with the following steps: (1) Two propositions on the contribution of cause-effect link in rendering the core of paper are proposed and verified through a statistical survey, which shows that the sentences on cause-effect links cover about 65% of key words within each paper on average. (2) An algorithm based on syntactic patterns is designed for automatically extracting cause-effect link from scientific papers, which recalls about 70% of manually annotated cause-effect links on average, indicating that the result adapts to the scale of data sets. (3) The effects of cause-effect link on four schemes of incorporating cause-effect link into the existing instances of the Semantic Link Network for enhancing the summarization of scientific papers are investigated. The experiments show that the quality of the summaries is significantly improved, which verifies the role of semantic links. The significance of this research lies in two aspects: (1) it verifies that the Semantic Link Network connects the important concepts to render the core of text; and, (2) it provides an evidence for realizing content services such as summarization, recommendation and question answering based on the Semantic Link Network, and it can inspire relevant research on content computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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8. The contribution of cause-effect link to representing the core of scientific paper—The role of Semantic Link Network
- Author
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Xiaoping Sun, Mengyun Cao, and Hai Zhuge
- Subjects
Semantic link ,Computer and Information Sciences ,Lexical semantics ,Computer science ,Science ,lcsh:Medicine ,Social Sciences ,02 engineering and technology ,Semantic data model ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Systems Science ,Automation ,Sociology ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Question answering ,Psychology ,Syntax ,lcsh:Science ,Data Curation ,Language ,Grammar ,Multidisciplinary ,Information retrieval ,Applied Mathematics ,Simulation and Modeling ,Research ,lcsh:R ,Publications ,Cognitive Psychology ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Linguistics ,Complex Systems ,Reasoning ,Automatic summarization ,Semantics ,Lexical Semantics ,Social Networks ,Physical Sciences ,Cognitive Science ,lcsh:Q ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Mathematics ,Algorithms ,Network Analysis ,Research Article ,Neuroscience - Abstract
The Semantic Link Network is a general semantic model for modeling the structure and the evolution of complex systems. Various semantic links play different roles in rendering the semantics of complex system. One of the basic semantic links represents cause-effect relation, which plays an important role in representation and understanding. This paper verifies the role of the Semantic Link Network in representing the core of text by investigating the contribution of cause-effect link to representing the core of scientific papers. Research carries out with the following steps: (1) Two propositions on the contribution of cause-effect link in rendering the core of paper are proposed and verified through a statistical survey, which shows that the sentences on cause-effect links cover about 65% of key words within each paper on average. (2) An algorithm based on syntactic patterns is designed for automatically extracting cause-effect link from scientific papers, which recalls about 70% of manually annotated cause-effect links on average, indicating that the result adapts to the scale of data sets. (3) The effects of cause-effect link on four schemes of incorporating cause-effect link into the existing instances of the Semantic Link Network for enhancing the summarization of scientific papers are investigated. The experiments show that the quality of the summaries is significantly improved, which verifies the role of semantic links. The significance of this research lies in two aspects: (1) it verifies that the Semantic Link Network connects the important concepts to render the core of text; and, (2) it provides an evidence for realizing content services such as summarization, recommendation and question answering based on the Semantic Link Network, and it can inspire relevant research on content computing.
- Published
- 2018
9. Composition of Junior Research Groups and Phd Completion Rate: Disciplinary Differences and Policy Implications
- Author
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Pull, Kerstin, Pferdmenges, Birgit, and Backes-Gellner, Uschi
- Abstract
This paper explores the link between the composition and the performance of junior research groups. The authors argue that the heterogeneity-performance link depends on the type of heterogeneity (cultural vs. study field) and on the disciplinary area. The authors test their hypotheses on a data set of 45 junior research groups and find a U-shaped relation between cultural heterogeneity and performance in the humanities and social sciences, but no link between the two in the natural sciences. The link between study field heterogeneity and performance in the natural sciences is negative, and in the humanities and social sciences study field heterogeneity and performance are not related. Interaction within the group helps reap the benefits of heterogeneity. The study results are derived in the context of junior research groups in Germany, but are generalizable to other countries and contexts where PhD education is taking part in groups.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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10. Evaluation of university scientific research ability based on the output of sci-tech papers: A D-AHP approach
- Author
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Fan Zong and Lifang Wang
- Subjects
Computer science ,Research Quality Assessment ,Social Sciences ,Analytic hierarchy process ,lcsh:Medicine ,02 engineering and technology ,Geographical Locations ,Governments ,Citation analysis ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Psychology ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Management science ,Publications ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Research Assessment ,Built Structures ,Multiple-criteria decision analysis ,Preference ,Work (electrical) ,Behavioral Pharmacology ,Scientific method ,Physical Sciences ,Engineering and Technology ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Research Article ,China ,Asia ,Universities ,Psychometrics ,Structural Engineering ,Science ,Political Science ,Oceania ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Pharmacology ,Structure (mathematical logic) ,Models, Statistical ,Research ,lcsh:R ,Australia ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Algebra ,Linear Algebra ,People and Places ,lcsh:Q ,Eigenvectors ,0503 education ,Mathematics - Abstract
University scientific research ability is an important indicator to express the strength of universities. In this paper, the evaluation of university scientific research ability is investigated based on the output of sci-tech papers. Four university alliances from North America, UK, Australia, and China, are selected as the case study of the university scientific research evaluation. Data coming from Thomson Reuters InCites are collected to support the evaluation. The work has contributed new framework to the issue of university scientific research ability evaluation. At first, we have established a hierarchical structure to show the factors that impact the evaluation of university scientific research ability. Then, a new MCDM method called D-AHP model is used to implement the evaluation and ranking of different university alliances, in which a data-driven approach is proposed to automatically generate the D numbers preference relations. Next, a sensitivity analysis has been given to show the impact of weights of factors and sub-factors on the evaluation result. At last, the results obtained by using different methods are compared and discussed to verify the effectiveness and reasonability of this study, and some suggestions are given to promote China’s scientific research ability.
- Published
- 2017
11. Ten simple rules for structuring papers
- Author
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Konrad P. Kording and Brett D. Mensh
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Science and Technology Workforce ,Economics ,Computer science ,Writing ,Social Sciences ,Careers in Research ,Structuring ,Subject matter ,0302 clinical medicine ,Documentation ,Sociology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Biology (General) ,Simple (philosophy) ,Grammar ,Ecology ,Careers ,Experimental Design ,Cell Differentiation ,Professions ,Editorial ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Research Design ,Modeling and Simulation ,Physical Sciences ,Periodicals as Topic ,Algorithms ,Career development ,Employment ,QH301-705.5 ,Science Policy ,Materials by Structure ,Process (engineering) ,Science ,Materials Science ,Context (language use) ,Patient Advocacy ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Crystals ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Scientific writing ,Genetics ,Syntax ,Set (psychology) ,Molecular Biology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Syntax (programming languages) ,business.industry ,Research ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Linguistics ,Data science ,Communications ,Health Care ,030104 developmental biology ,Reading ,Labor Economics ,People and Places ,Scientists ,Population Groupings ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Good scientific writing is essential to career development and to the progress of science. A well-structured manuscript allows readers and reviewers to get excited about the subject matter, to understand and verify the paper’s contributions, and to integrate these contributions into a broader context. However, many scientists struggle with producing high-quality manuscripts and typically get little training in paper writing. Focusing on how readers consume information, we present a set of 10 simple rules to help you get across the main idea of your paper. These rules are designed to make your paper more influential and the process of writing more efficient and pleasurable.
- Published
- 2016
12. A collaborative approach for research paper recommender system
- Author
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Tutut Herawan, Khalid Haruna, Joko Sutopo, Maizatul Akmar Ismail, and Damiasih Damiasih
- Subjects
Computer and Information Sciences ,Science Policy ,Computer science ,Social Sciences ,lcsh:Medicine ,02 engineering and technology ,Recommender system ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Bioinformatics ,Field (computer science) ,Database and Informatics Methods ,Open Science ,Sociology ,Open Data ,Citation analysis ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Collaborative filtering ,Computer Networks ,Cooperative Behavior ,lcsh:Science ,Publishing ,Internet ,Metadata ,Social Research ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Applied Mathematics ,Simulation and Modeling ,Research ,lcsh:R ,Novelty ,Research Assessment ,Data science ,Open data ,Social Networks ,Citation Analysis ,Information Retrieval ,Physical Sciences ,lcsh:Q ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,The Internet ,business ,Mathematics ,Algorithms ,Network Analysis ,Research Article - Abstract
Research paper recommenders emerged over the last decade to ease finding publications relating to researchers' area of interest. The challenge was not just to provide researchers with very rich publications at any time, any place and in any form but to also offer the right publication to the right researcher in the right way. Several approaches exist in handling paper recommender systems. However, these approaches assumed the availability of the whole contents of the recommending papers to be freely accessible, which is not always true due to factors such as copyright restrictions. This paper presents a collaborative approach for research paper recommender system. By leveraging the advantages of collaborative filtering approach, we utilize the publicly available contextual metadata to infer the hidden associations that exist between research papers in order to personalize recommendations. The novelty of our proposed approach is that it provides personalized recommendations regardless of the research field and regardless of the user's expertise. Using a publicly available dataset, our proposed approach has recorded a significant improvement over other baseline methods in measuring both the overall performance and the ability to return relevant and useful publications at the top of the recommendation list.
- Published
- 2017
13. Briefing Paper: Open Access Monographs
- Author
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Moore, Samuel, Swan, Alma, and Tsoukala, Victoria
- Subjects
Publishing ,Open Access ,PASTEUR4OA ,Humanities ,Research ,Article Processing Charges ,Social Sciences ,APCs ,Monographs - Abstract
Open Access monographs offer a real opportunity for long-form humanities and social sciences scholarship to reach a wider audience. However, unlike for journal articles, discussions around how to best achieve Open Access to books are still in a nascent stage, complicated by the large upfront costs associated with each published book. This briefing paper provides an overview of the Open Access monograph landscape, outlining the case for OA books, the costs involved, the potential for innovation, the current business models and the possible areas for policymaker intervention.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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14. Six Case Studies of Economically Successful Cities : Competitive Cities for Jobs and Growth, Companion Paper 3
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Kulenovic, Z. Joe and Cech, Alexandra
- Subjects
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE ,INFORMATION ,INVESTMENT ,CITIES ,BUILDING PERMITS ,ECONOMIC GROWTH ,SOFTWARE ,DECISION-MAKING ,TRAINING PROGRAMS ,MEASUREMENT ,INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE ,PROGRAMS ,TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE ,CRITERIA ,STAKEHOLDER INVOLVEMENT ,NATIONAL ECONOMIES ,LAND USE ,POLITICAL SYSTEMS ,SEWERAGE ,INCOME ,STAKEHOLDERS ,OUTCOMES ,TOURISM ,CONTENT ,ECONOMIC STRUCTURES ,PLANNING ,CITY ECONOMIES ,SCIENCE ,COMPETITIVENESS ,WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS ,KEY INDUSTRIES ,INCENTIVES ,PER CAPITA INCOME ,GROUPS ,SOCIAL INDICATORS ,GOODS ,TECHNOLOGIES ,CITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,RENT ,HISTORIC SITES ,CITY LIVABILITY ,VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS ,TRANSPARENCY ,PARTNERS ,SERVICE DELIVERY ,SOLID WASTE ,COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE ,MODELS ,URBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,MARKETS ,CITY GOVERNMENTS ,MEDIA ,DEVELOPMENT ,CITY DWELLERS ,INDUSTRIAL ZONES ,SOCIAL SCIENCES ,FAILURES ,BUSINESS LEADERS ,PLANS ,LAND ACQUISITION ,COST ANALYSIS ,COLLECTIVE ACTION ,COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES ,CAPITAL CITIES ,SECONDARY CITIES ,PRODUCTION ,BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE ,DECISION MAKING ,CITY LEADERS ,CONSTRUCTION PERMIT ,INFLUENCE ,GDP PER CAPITA ,SERVICES ,THEORY ,TRENDS ,INCOME LEVELS ,WASTE MANAGEMENT ,TRADE ,E-GOVERNMENT ,TRAINING INITIATIVES ,BUSINESS INCUBATORS ,TOURISM PROMOTION ,TRADE POLICIES ,BUSINESS CLIMATE ,ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,WEALTH ,ECONOMIC OBJECTIVES ,DIVIDENDS ,FREE TRADE ,RESEARCH ,FUNDING ,COLLABORATION ,DEVELOPMENT AGENCY ,MAYORS ,GDP ,DATA SOURCES ,PARTNERSHIPS ,CAPITAL ,ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY ,SOCIAL PROFILES ,DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY ,BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ,MULTIPLIERS ,TAXATION ,VALUE ,EXPORTS ,CITY COMPETITIVENESS ,CITY OFFICIALS ,SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ,GDP GROWTH RATE ,ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ,CAPITAL MARKETS ,GOVERNANCE ,INTERNATIONAL TRADE ,POLICY ,HOUSING MARKETS ,CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE ,HUMAN CAPITAL ,CULTURAL CENTERS ,SKILLS ,TAXES ,BILATERAL TRADE ,TRAINING ,PARTICIPATION ,CREDIT ,TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ,MONOPOLIES ,GROWTH RATE ,SUPPLY CHAINS ,EXPERTS ,QUALITY OF LIFE ,CENTRALIZATION ,KNOWLEDGE ,TECHNOLOGY ,DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ,BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES ,ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES ,DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES ,BUSINESS LICENSING ,MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS ,DECISION MAKERS ,NATURAL RESOURCES ,STAKEHOLDER GROUPS ,TOURISM DEVELOPMENT ,SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ,SOCIAL CAPITAL ,OPEN MARKETS ,CAPACITY BUILDING ,VOCATIONAL TRAINING ,BUSINESS COMMUNITY ,SLUMS ,PPPS ,BENCHMARKING ,COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES ,LAW - Abstract
The objective of this paper is to synthesize the findings of six individual case studies (Bucaramanga, Colombia; Coimbatore, India; Kigali, Rwanda; Gaziantep, Turkey; Changsha, China; and Tangier, Morocco) by analyzing the similarities and dissimilarities among them and identifying common, cross-cutting themes. The intent is to highlight what institutions and strategies successful cities have relied on to spur economic development, under what conditions such success has occurred, and what lessons of this experience might be applicable to decision makers in other cities.
- Published
- 2015
15. Predicting the replicability of social science lab experiments.
- Author
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Altmejd A, Dreber A, Forsell E, Huber J, Imai T, Johannesson M, Kirchler M, Nave G, and Camerer C
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Models, Statistical, ROC Curve, Regression Analysis, Reproducibility of Results, Laboratories, Research, Social Sciences
- Abstract
We measure how accurately replication of experimental results can be predicted by black-box statistical models. With data from four large-scale replication projects in experimental psychology and economics, and techniques from machine learning, we train predictive models and study which variables drive predictable replication. The models predicts binary replication with a cross-validated accuracy rate of 70% (AUC of 0.77) and estimates of relative effect sizes with a Spearman ρ of 0.38. The accuracy level is similar to market-aggregated beliefs of peer scientists [1, 2]. The predictive power is validated in a pre-registered out of sample test of the outcome of [3], where 71% (AUC of 0.73) of replications are predicted correctly and effect size correlations amount to ρ = 0.25. Basic features such as the sample and effect sizes in original papers, and whether reported effects are single-variable main effects or two-variable interactions, are predictive of successful replication. The models presented in this paper are simple tools to produce cheap, prognostic replicability metrics. These models could be useful in institutionalizing the process of evaluation of new findings and guiding resources to those direct replications that are likely to be most informative., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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16. The state of social science research on antimicrobial resistance.
- Author
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Frid-Nielsen SS, Rubin O, and Baekkeskov E
- Subjects
- Antimicrobial Stewardship standards, Humans, Publishing standards, Publishing trends, Research statistics & numerical data, Social Sciences instrumentation, Antimicrobial Stewardship methods, Research standards, Research trends, Social Sciences methods
- Abstract
This paper investigates the genealogy of social science research into antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by piecing together the bibliometric characteristics of this branch of research. Drawing on the Web of Science as the primary database, the analysis shows that while academic interest in AMR has increased substantially over the last few years, social science research continues to constitute a negligible share of total academic contributions. More in-depth network analysis of citations and bibliometric couplings suggests how the impact of social science research on the scientific discourse on AMR is both peripheral and spread thin. We conclude that this limited social science engagement is puzzling considering the clear academic and practical demand and the many existing interdisciplinary outlets., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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17. The role of serendipity in the story ideation process of print media journalists
- Author
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Bird-Meyer, Matthew, Erdelez, Sanda, and Bossaller, Jenny
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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18. Research Quality Evaluation in Social Sciences: The Case of Criteria on the Conditions and Requirements for Academic Promotion in Serbia, Slovenia and Montenegro.
- Author
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Popovic, Stevo, Pekovic, Sanja, and Matic, Radenko M.
- Subjects
SOCIAL sciences ,EVALUATION - Abstract
The primary goal of the present paper is to analyse and compare the criteria on the conditions and requirements for academic promotion in three countries: Serbia, Slovenia and Montenegro. The University of Novi Sad, the University of Ljubljana, and the University of Montenegro were selected to be subjects in this study. The sources used for the analyses in this study were the official criteria on the condition and requirements for academic promotion at the abovementioned universities. The authors used a descriptive method with the consulting of competent sources and personal experiences. First, it is interesting to note that the universities in Serbia and Slovenia follow official documents at two levels: one at the national level issued by the relevant higher education council/agency and the second at the university level issued by the senate of each university, whose criteria are more strict in terms of quantitative requirements. However, this is not the case in Montenegro, where universities follow only the national criteria in the research quality evaluation. In each country, evaluation exercises usually recognize three fields, one of which is social sciences and humanities, which is concerned with an entire range of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary scientific areas. Comparing the minimum standards for the appointment of university teachers, it is essential to highlight that Slovenian regulations are the most demanding, especially with regards to quantitative criteria, while Serbian and Montenegrin criteria are similar to each other; however, it is necessary to highlight that Montenegrin regulations contain some unusual criteria, such as the requirement that scientific research work must be achieved through one single-author paper published in an international journal for promotion to academic titles at all three levels (assistant, associate and full professor) in social sciences and humanities; however, this is not the case in other academic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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19. From 'just the facts' to 'more theory and methods, please': The evolution of the research article in Administrative Science Quarterly, 1956-2008.
- Author
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Strang D and Siler K
- Subjects
- Bibliometrics, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Periodicals as Topic trends, Organization and Administration, Periodicals as Topic history, Research history, Social Sciences history
- Abstract
This paper analyzes the surface structure of research articles published in Administrative Science Quarterly between 1956 and 2008. The period is marked by a shift from essays that interweave theory, methods and results to experimental reports that separate them. There is dramatic growth in the size of theory, methods and discussion sections, accompanied by a shrinking results section. Bibliographic references and hypotheses expand in number and become concentrated in theory sections. Article structure varies primarily with historical time and also with research design (broadly, quantitative vs. qualitative) and the author's background. We link trends in article structure to the disciplinary development of organization studies and consider its distinctive trajectory relative to physical science.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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20. Like a bridge over troubled water--Opening pathways for integrating social sciences and humanities into nuclear research.
- Author
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Turcanu C, Schröder J, Meskens G, Perko T, Rossignol N, Carlé B, and Hardeman F
- Subjects
- Belgium, Humanities, Nuclear Energy, Research trends, Social Sciences
- Abstract
Research on nuclear technologies has been largely driven by a detachment of the 'technical content' from the 'social context'. However, social studies of science and technology--also for the nuclear domain--emphasize that 'the social' and 'the technical' dimensions of technology development are inter-related and co-produced. In an effort to create links between nuclear research and innovation and society in mutually beneficial ways, the Belgian Nuclear Research Centre started fifteen years ago a 'Programme of Integration of Social Aspects into nuclear research' (PISA). In line with broader science-policy agendas (responsible research and innovation and technology assessment), this paper argues that the importance of such programmes is threefold. First, their multi-disciplinary basis and participatory character contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between science, technology and society, in general, and the complexity of nuclear technology assessment in particular. Second, their functioning as (self -)critical policy supportive research with outreach to society is an essential prerequisite for policies aiming at generating societal trust in the context of controversial issues related to nuclear technologies and exposure to ionising radiation. Third, such programmes create an enriching dynamic in the organisation itself, stimulating collective learning and transdisciplinarity. The paper illustrates with concrete examples these claims and concludes by discussing some key challenges that researchers face while engaging in work of this kind., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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21. Community centrality and social science research.
- Author
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Allman D
- Subjects
- Humans, Anthropology methods, Research, Residence Characteristics, Social Sciences
- Abstract
Community centrality is a growing requirement of social science. The field's research practices are increasingly expected to conform to prescribed relationships with the people studied. Expectations about community centrality influence scholarly activities. These expectations can pressure social scientists to adhere to models of community involvement that are immediate and that include community-based co-investigators, advisory boards, and liaisons. In this context, disregarding community centrality can be interpreted as failure. This paper considers evolving norms about the centrality of community in social science. It problematises community inclusion and discusses concerns about the impact of community centrality on incremental theory development, academic integrity, freedom of speech, and the value of liberal versus communitarian knowledge. Through the application of a constructivist approach, this paper argues that social science in which community is omitted or on the periphery is not failed science, because not all social science requires a community base to make a genuine and valuable contribution. The utility of community centrality is not necessarily universal across all social science pursuits. The practices of knowing within social science disciplines may be difficult to transfer to a community. These practices of knowing require degrees of specialisation and interest that not all communities may want or have.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Recommendations for the role of social science research in One Health.
- Author
-
Lapinski MK, Funk JA, and Moccia LT
- Subjects
- Animals, Communication, Ecosystem, Humans, Information Dissemination, Social Environment, Technology methods, Global Health, Research, Social Sciences
- Abstract
The social environment has changed rapidly as technology has facilitated communication among individuals and groups in ways not imagined 20 years ago. Communication technology increasingly plays a role in decision-making about health and environmental behaviors and is being leveraged to influence that process. But at its root is the fundamental need to understand human cognition, communication, and behavior. The concept of 'One Health' has emerged as a framework for interdisciplinary work that cuts across human, animal, and ecosystem health in recognition of their interdependence and the value of an integrated perspective. Yet, the science of communication, information studies, social psychology, and other social sciences have remained marginalized in this emergence. Based on an interdisciplinary collaboration, this paper reports on a nascent conceptual framework for the role of social science in 'One Health' issues and identifies a series of recommendations for research directions that bear additional scrutiny and development., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. What Can Influence the Quality of International Collaborative Publications: A Case Study of Humanities and Social Sciences International Collaboration in China's Double First-Class Project Universities.
- Author
-
Cheng, Zhe, Lu, Xingfu, Xiong, Xiong, Wang, Chuanyi, and Parton, Nigel
- Subjects
HUMANITIES ,SOCIAL sciences ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,RESEARCH - Abstract
International collaboration is one of the effective ways to enhance the impact of scientific research papers. In this research, international research collaboration papers published by world-class universities in the field of humanities and social sciences from 2015 to 2019 were selected as the research object, and the effective enhancement of the impact of international research collaboration papers was found to not be dependent on expanding the scale of international research collaboration, but rather on selecting researchers with different international backgrounds and from high-level institutions for collaboration. It was also discovered that, in the field of humanities and social sciences, despite a relatively low proportion of international research collaboration papers being led by Chinese scholars, the Chinese research is characterized by a higher impact compared with the research led by non-Chinese scholars. In light of this, a series of proactive measures should be taken by China's world-class universities, such as actively participating in and initiating international collaboration, selecting high-level research collaborators, and attracting scholars from different countries to engage in research collaboration in the field of humanities and social sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. 'We Used to Be Somebody', can the UK recapture its reputation as a world-leader in research and innovation? Considering the future of training researchers.
- Author
-
Forrest, Catriona and Ferrie, Jo
- Subjects
EDUCATORS' attitudes ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,SOCIAL sciences ,JOURNALISM - Abstract
The UK has recognised itself as a world leading educator, particularly in higher education where ten of the top 100 institutions are based in the UK. And yet, establishments such as the British Academy and the Royal Society are questioning whether the UK will continue to hold this recognition. Ahead of the recommissioning of Doctoral Training Partnerships (DTPs) in 2023, the Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC), one of seven council domains of UKRI (UK Research & Innovation, the largest funder of doctoral research in the UK distributing funding from the UK Government) has sought to understand what the 'gap' is and how to close it. The ESRC commissioned three projects (Adams & Neary, 2022; ESRC, 2022; Ferrie et al., 2022; Tazzyman et al., 2021) in preparation for recommissioning and this paper reviews their recommendations and anticipated impact on DTPs, and the education of doctoral researchers. Specifically, the plans to increase exposure of digital data and related skills/toolkits and project management skills including dissemination strategies will be evaluated. The paper critically asks how the new approach will benefit researchers with a focus on those intending to stay in the academy and those who choose to build a career 'beyond'. To focus this critical work, an 'alternative' career pathway, that uses research skills but also dissemination and knowledge exchange skills, will be examined as a critical exemplar: journalism. This paper will close by considering the future for research methods training, at least within UK social sciences, and whether it meets the needs of doctoral researchers, whichever career pathway they intend to follow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Ideology and Discourse in Contemporary Social Sciences and the Humanities and the Role of Sociology in their Conceptualization.
- Author
-
Mikhaylova, Oxana and Abramov, Roman
- Subjects
DISCOURSE ,IDEOLOGY ,SOCIAL sciences ,SOCIOLOGY ,SOCIOLOGISTS ,RESEARCH - Abstract
Discourse and ideology are interrelated concepts in social sciences and the humanities and are even occasionally employed interchangeably. This paper sheds light on their relationship in academic discourse and examines the role of sociology as a scientific field in its conceptualization. Using bibliometric analysis, we examined 15,716 academic publications mentioning "discourse" or "ideology" in their title and written in English by American and British scholars between 1966 and 2015. The investigation focused on the two terms' conceptual environment, areas of usage, journals, and the organizations to which the authors were affiliated. First, we conclude that although some sociology researchers have attempted to create a sociological definition for the concept of discourse, sociologists are not its most active users. The same is true for ideology. These concepts have established niches in other disciplines (political science and history for "ideology," and educational science and linguistics for "discourse"). Second, throughout the years, the field of discourse studies has become more diversified and fragmented than that of ideology. Third, the leading organizations in both fields are prestigious American and British universities, which indicates that discourse and ideology are elements of the intellectual elites' language. Fourth, the concept of discourse was more frequently applied than that of ideology in the years 2010–2015, and we expect that it will remain popular among scholars in the next decade. As for ideology, we believe that new social challenges could foster the rediscovery of this concept in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Assessment of Evidential Value Requires More than a Single Data Point.
- Author
-
Imhoff, Roland
- Subjects
SEX research ,HUMAN sexuality ,PSYCHOLOGY ,RESEARCH ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
In the article, the author discusses the assessment of evidential value in sex research. Also cited are the disadvantages of using single-study papers in research like they maximize the danger of false positives and they undermine the critical test of theoretical and conceptual patterns, as well as the dangers of false positive psychology in psychological science.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Developing Methods for Assessing the Social Impact of Scientific Study.
- Author
-
Grzeszczyk, Tadeusz
- Subjects
EVALUATION methodology ,RESEARCH ,SOCIAL impact assessment ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,RESEARCH funding - Abstract
In many countries, there is a need to introduce new or improved existing methods for evaluating the social impact of scientific study on the environment of scientific institutions and universities. It is necessary to apply complex methodological solutions that should consider using research results by the non-academic world. The results of this evaluation are often crucial for building a university's position in national and international rankings. They may influence decisions regarding the level of financing of scientific institutions and the distribution of public funds for subsidies, scholarships, and financial aid concerning research grants. The paper aims to review existing methodological solutions and identify key trends in developing methods for assessing the social impact of scientific study. In this case, the scope of the research was limited to evaluating the study conducted within the field of social sciences. Running such assessments is more complicated than for the technical domain, for which more easily measurable bibliometric indicators and patents are available. The research used quantitative bibliometric analyzes based on the Scopus citation database, supported by bibliometric network analyzes. The results enable the identification of crucial methodological trends, potential opportunities and directions for developing research conducive to improving methods for assessing the social impact of study. Providing an overview of existing knowledge in this field creates a foundation for continuing further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
28. Community centrality and social science research
- Author
-
Dan Allman
- Subjects
Community studies ,Outline of social science ,Community building ,Community organization ,Social Sciences ,public sociology ,Article ,Constructivist teaching methods ,03 medical and health sciences ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Residence Characteristics ,social science ,050602 political science & public administration ,Community psychology ,Humans ,Sociology ,Social science ,10. No inequality ,030505 public health ,business.industry ,4. Education ,Research ,05 social sciences ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,Social science education ,Public relations ,Original Papers ,0506 political science ,failure ,Anthropology ,community ,0305 other medical science ,business ,Centrality ,public anthropology ,engagement - Abstract
Community centrality is a growing requirement of social science. The field's research practices are increasingly expected to conform to prescribed relationships with the people studied. Expectations about community centrality influence scholarly activities. These expectations can pressure social scientists to adhere to models of community involvement that are immediate and that include community-based co-investigators, advisory boards, and liaisons. In this context, disregarding community centrality can be interpreted as failure. This paper considers evolving norms about the centrality of community in social science. It problematises community inclusion and discusses concerns about the impact of community centrality on incremental theory development, academic integrity, freedom of speech, and the value of liberal versus communitarian knowledge. Through the application of a constructivist approach, this paper argues that social science in which community is omitted or on the periphery is not failed science, because not all social science requires a community base to make a genuine and valuable contribution. The utility of community centrality is not necessarily universal across all social science pursuits. The practices of knowing within social science disciplines may be difficult to transfer to a community. These practices of knowing require degrees of specialisation and interest that not all communities may want or have.
- Published
- 2015
29. Using egocentric analysis to investigate professional networks and productivity of graduate students and faculty in life sciences in Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan.
- Author
-
Hara, Noriko, Chen, Hui, and Ynalvez, Marcus Antonius
- Subjects
RESEARCH ,COGNITIVE bias ,SCIENTISTS ,RESEARCH personnel ,DOCTORAL students - Abstract
Prior studies showed that scientists’ professional networks contribute to research productivity, but little work has examined what factors predict the formation of professional networks. This study sought to 1) examine what factors predict the formation of international ties between faculty and graduate students and 2) identify how these international ties would affect publication productivity in three East Asian countries. Face-to-face surveys and in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of faculty and doctoral students in life sciences at 10 research institutions in Japan, Singapore, and Taiwan. Our final sample consisted of 290 respondents (84 faculty and 206 doctoral students) and 1,435 network members. We used egocentric social network analysis to examine the structure of international ties and how they relate to research productivity. Our findings suggest that overseas graduate training can be a key factor in graduate students’ development of international ties in these countries. Those with a higher proportion of international ties in their professional networks were likely to have published more papers and written more manuscripts. For faculty, international ties did not affect the number of manuscripts written or of papers published, but did correlate with an increase in publishing in top journals. The networks we examined were identified by asking study participants with whom they discuss their research. Because the relationships may not appear in explicit co-authorship networks, these networks were not officially recorded elsewhere. This study sheds light on the relationships of these invisible support networks to researcher productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. INCLUSIVE ASSESMENT? A POSSIBLE APPROACH. DEVELOPING INCLUSIVE EVALUATION THROUGH UNCONVENTIONAL EVALUATION APPROACHES.
- Author
-
Boninelli, Maria Luisa
- Subjects
ASSESSMENT of education ,PEDAGOGICAL content knowledge ,SOCIAL sciences ,COMPREHENSION ,COGNITIVE development ,RESEARCH - Abstract
Copyright of Italian Journal of Health Education, Sport & Inclusive Didactics is the property of Edizioni Universitarie Romane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Improving reporting of Meta-Ethnography: The eMERGe Reporting Guidance
- Author
-
Isabelle Uny, Meredith Vanstone, Ruth Turley, Rachel J Roberts, Ruth Garside, Nicola Ring, George W. Noblit, Jane Noyes, Kate Flemming, Simon Lewin, Gina Higginbottom, Edward Duncan, Ruth Jepson, Maggie Cunningham, Catherine Pope, Nicky Britten, Andrew Booth, Margaret Maxwell, Karin Hannes, James Thomas, and Ian Gallagher
- Subjects
Research design ,Research Report ,Knowledge management ,Psychoanalysis ,Biomedical Research ,Epidemiology ,Guideline, meta‐ethnography, nursing, publication standards, qualitative evidencesynthesis, qualitative research, reporting, research design ,Social Sciences ,meta‐ethnography ,Guideline ,law.invention ,0302 clinical medicine ,GEORGE (programming language) ,systematic review ,nursing ,law ,Multidisciplinary approach ,qualitative evidence synthesis ,Ethnography ,IMPLEMENTATION ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Sociology ,Publication standards ,publication standards ,General Nursing ,METASYNTHESIS ,reporting ,lcsh:R5-920 ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,030504 nursing ,030503 health policy & services ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,L1 ,Medical research ,research design ,Research Papers ,3. Good health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,H1 ,Guideline, meta‐ethnography, nursing, publication standards, qualitative evidence synthesis, qualitative research, reporting, research design ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,guideline ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Evidence-based practice ,RJ ,Psycho-Oncology ,EXERCISE ,Health Informatics ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Guidelines as Topic ,Audit ,Nursing ,RT ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Qualitative research ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Research Methodology: Empirical Research ‐ Methodology ,Bespoke ,Anthropology, Cultural ,Medical education ,Qualitative evidence synthesis ,business.industry ,Research ,Meta-ethnography ,610.7 Medical education, research & nursing ,Education & Educational Research ,R1 ,Meta ethnography ,CLARITY ,RA Public aspects of medicine ,meta-ethnography ,business ,0503 education ,Delivery of Health Care ,RA ,qualitative research ,RD - Abstract
The aim of this study was to provide guidance to improve the completeness and clarity of meta-ethnography reporting.Evidence-based policy and practice require robust evidence syntheses which can further understanding of people's experiences and associated social processes. Meta-ethnography is a rigorous seven-phase qualitative evidence synthesis methodology, developed by Noblit and Hare. Meta-ethnography is used widely in health research, but reporting is often poor quality and this discourages trust in and use of its findings. Meta-ethnography reporting guidance is needed to improve reporting quality.The eMERGe study used a rigorous mixed-methods design and evidence-based methods to develop the novel reporting guidance and explanatory notes.The study, conducted from 2015 - 2017, comprised of: (1) a methodological systematic review of guidance for meta-ethnography conduct and reporting; (2) a review and audit of published meta-ethnographies to identify good practice principles; (3) international, multidisciplinary consensus-building processes to agree guidance content; (4) innovative development of the guidance and explanatory notes.Recommendations and good practice for all seven phases of meta-ethnography conduct and reporting were newly identified leading to 19 reporting criteria and accompanying detailed guidance.The bespoke eMERGe Reporting Guidance, which incorporates new methodological developments and advances the methodology, can help researchers to report the important aspects of meta-ethnography. Use of the guidance should raise reporting quality. Better reporting could make assessments of confidence in the findings more robust and increase use of meta-ethnography outputs to improve practice, policy, and service user outcomes in health and other fields. This is the first tailored reporting guideline for meta-ethnography. This article is being simultaneously published in the following journals: Journal of Advanced Nursing, Psycho-oncology, Review of Education, and BMC Medical Research Methodology.目的: 本研究的目的是为提高元人种志报告的完整性和清晰度提供指导。 背景: 基于证据的政策和实践需要强有力的证据合成,以进一步了解人们的经验和相关的社会过程。 种志是由诺伯特和黑尔开发的一种严谨的七-相定性证据综合方法。元人种志在健康研究中被广泛使用,但报告质量往往很差,这阻碍了对研究结果的信任和使用。元人种志报告指南是提高报告质量所必需的。 设计: 本研究采用了严格的混合方法设计和基于证据的方法来开发新的报告指南和注释。 方法: 这项研究从2015年到2017年进行,包括:(1)对元人种志行为和报告指南的方法系统审查;(2)审查和审计已出版的元人种志,以确定良好的实践原则;(3)国际、多学科的共识--建立过程以达成指导内容;(4)创新发展的指导和说明。 研究发现: 新确定的所有七个元人种志实施和报告阶段的建议和良好做法提供了19项报告准则,并附有详细的指南。 结论: 定制的新兴报告指南,包含了新的方法论的发展和进步,可以帮助研究人员报告元人种志的重要方面。使用指南应提高报告质量。更好的报告可以使对调查结果的信心评估更加可靠,并增加对元人种学输出的使用,以改进卫生和其他领域的实践、政策和服务用户结果。这是第一个为元人种学量身定制的报告指南。本文同时发表于《高级护理杂志》、《精神肿瘤学》、《教育评论》和《英国医学委员会医学研究方法论》等期刊。.
- Published
- 2019
32. ТHE PROBLEM OF RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCES: THE PLACE OF METHODOLOGY IN CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH.
- Author
-
Andrić, Sanela and Milašinović, Srđan
- Subjects
SOCIAL science methodology ,RESEARCH methodology ,SOCIAL status ,SOCIAL problems - Abstract
Copyright of TEME: Casopis za Društvene Nauke is the property of TEME: Casopis za Drustvene Nauke and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Research reported in the AJA: Who does it and where do they do it?
- Author
-
Howe, Anna and Jeon, Yun‐Hee
- Subjects
ELDER care ,AGING ,HEALTH facilities ,MEDICAL research ,SERIAL publications ,SOCIAL sciences ,SURVEYS ,OCCUPATIONAL roles - Abstract
Objective: To review research published in the AJA in terms of authors' positions and disciplinary backgrounds, and the settings in which research was done. Methods: Eighty two papers by 373 authors, in Vol. 35 No 1, March 2016, to Vol 37 No 2, June 2018, were reviewed. Results: Different clusters of authorship were found for research using surveys or database analyses, research in hospitals and aged care settings. Two out of three authors held academic positions, and professional practitioners in hospitals were much more likely to have academic affiliations than in aged care settings. Differing research cultures are seen to contribute to these outcomes. Conclusions: Editorial policies have been central to maintaining publication standards. The Journal's publication partners could take a number of actions to advance recognition of professionals in different roles as authors and to expand the range of research published, especially nursing and social science research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Ageing, dementia and the social mind: past, present and future perspectives.
- Author
-
Higgs, Paul and Gilleard, Chris
- Subjects
TREATMENT of dementia ,DEMENTIA ,AGING ,FORECASTING ,GERIATRICS ,HUMANITIES ,INDIVIDUALITY ,RESEARCH ,SERIAL publications ,SOCIAL sciences ,SOCIAL skills ,SOCIOLOGY - Abstract
Accompanying the ageing of contemporary ageing societies is an increase in age associated morbidity, with dementia having an important impact. Mental frailty in later life is a source of fear for many and a major policy concern to all those concerned with health and welfare services. This introduction to the special issue on 'Ageing, dementia and the social mind' situates the selected papers within the context of debates about dementia and its social relations. In particular it draws attention to the importance of the social imaginary of the fourth age and what this means for the issue of personhood, care, social representations of dementia and its social contextualisation. The papers illuminating these themes draw on a variety of disciplines and approaches; from the social sciences to the humanities and from the theoretical to the empirical in order to help orientate future researchers to the complexities of dementia and the social and cultural matrix in which it exists. This paper provides an introduction to the potential for a more extended sociology of dementia; one which could combine the insights from medical sociology with the concerns of social gerontology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Experiments on Socio-Technical Systems: The Problem of Control
- Author
-
Peter Kroes
- Subjects
Technology ,Health (social science) ,Sociotechnical system ,Relation (database) ,Computer science ,Emerging technologies ,Science ,Control (management) ,Social Sciences ,050905 science studies ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Health(social science) ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Control ,Socio-technical systems ,Natural (music) ,Social science ,Original Paper ,Philosophy of science ,Research ,Health Policy ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,06 humanities and the arts ,Epistemology ,Issues, ethics and legal aspects ,Experimental system ,Natural sciences ,Technological innovations ,060301 applied ethics ,0509 other social sciences ,Experiments - Abstract
My aim is to question whether the introduction of new technologies in society may be considered to be genuine experiments. I will argue that they are not, at least not in the sense in which the notion of experiment is being used in the natural and social sciences. If the introduction of a new technology in society is interpreted as an experiment, then we are dealing with a notion of experiment that differs in an important respect from the notion of experiment as used in the natural and social sciences. This difference shows itself most prominently when the functioning of the new technological system is not only dependent on technological hardware but also on social 'software', that is, on social institutions such as appropriate laws, and actions of operators of the new technological system. In those cases we are not dealing with 'simply' the introduction of a new technology, but with the introduction of a new socio-technical system. I will argue that if the introduction of a new socio-technical system is considered to be an experiment, then the relation between the experimenter and the system on which the experiment is performed differs significantly from the relation in traditional experiments in the natural and social sciences. In the latter experiments it is assumed that the experimenter is not part of the experimental system and is able to intervene in and control the experimental system from the outside. With regard to the introduction of new socio-technical systems the idea that there is an experimenter outside the socio-technical system who intervenes in and controls that system becomes problematic. From that perspective we are dealing with a different kind of experiment.
- Published
- 2015
36. GÉNERO, TRABAJO CIENTÍFICO Y REPRODUCCIÓN SOCIAL. UNA APROXIMACIÓN CONCEPTUAL PARA SU ABORDAJE EN Y DESDE LA PERIFERIA.
- Author
-
Lione, Sacha Victoria
- Subjects
- *
GENDER , *SOCIAL reproduction , *SOCIAL processes , *SOCIAL sciences , *GENDER studies , *FEMINIST economics , *TWENTIETH century , *MODERNITY , *SOCIAL sciences education , *REPRODUCTIVE rights , *RESEARCH - Abstract
Science as an object of knowledge has been a central concern of the social sciences since the first decades of the 20th century. However, the object itself is neither static nor unchanging, and has been transformed over time. In recent decades, the innovative approach of gender studies has gained considerable ground in the social studies of science. While some of them have paid attention to the relations of the professional field with the family sphere and have investigated the ways in which structural factors of the life course play an important role in research careers, there are still few theoretical and empirical contributions that think of science as productive work highly articulated with social reproduction. Although this axis of enquiry is still incipient in social studies of science, it is consolidated within the social sciences hand in hand with labour studies and feminist economics. Within the framework of the important contributions made, this paper seeks to review the existing literature and a conceptual approach to the understanding of scientific work and its articulations with reproductive work, taking gender as a category of analysis. The paper is organised in four parts: in the first section we will review the critiques of the concept of work inherited from modernity and we will focus on thinking of science as work with specificities; in the second section we will address the processes of social reproduction in terms of the articulation of spheres; in the third section we will consider the study of gender and science; in the fourth section, we will describe the way in which this conceptual proposal operates in the empirical study carried out; finally, we will present a systematisation of the concepts developed throughout the paper and a conceptual approach to their approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Measuring the tempo of plant death and birth
- Author
-
Karl J. Niklas
- Subjects
diversification ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Extinction, Biological ,Paleontology ,plant fossils ,PyRate ,Statistical analysis ,Phylogeny ,Plant evolution ,Extinction ,Fossil Record ,Full Paper ,Ecology ,Fossils ,Research ,fungi ,floristic turnover ,food and beverages ,social sciences ,Biodiversity ,Plants ,Full Papers ,Biological Evolution ,humanities ,biodiversity changes ,mass extinction - Abstract
Summary Plants have a long evolutionary history, during which mass extinction events dramatically affected Earth's ecosystems and its biodiversity. The fossil record can shed light on the diversification dynamics of plant life and reveal how changes in the origination–extinction balance have contributed to shaping the current flora.We use a novel Bayesian approach to estimate origination and extinction rates in plants throughout their history. We focus on the effect of the ‘Big Five’ mass extinctions and on estimating the timing of origin of vascular plants, seed plants and angiosperms.Our analyses show that plant diversification is characterized by several shifts in origination and extinction rates, often matching the most important geological boundaries. The estimated origin of major plant clades predates the oldest macrofossils when considering the uncertainties associated with the fossil record and the preservation process.Our findings show that the commonly recognized mass extinctions have affected each plant group differently and that phases of high extinction often coincided with major floral turnovers. For instance, after the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary we infer negligible shifts in diversification of nonflowering seed plants, but find significantly decreased extinction in spore‐bearing plants and increased origination rates in angiosperms, contributing to their current ecological and evolutionary dominance., See also the Commentary by Niklas
- Published
- 2015
38. Doing a Systematic Review in Health Sciences.
- Author
-
Cajal, Berta, Jiménez, Rafael, Gervilla, Elena, and Montaño, Juan J.
- Subjects
MEDICAL sciences ,PUBLICATIONS ,SCIENTIFIC literature ,INFORMATION science ,SOCIAL sciences - Abstract
Copyright of Clinica y Salud is the property of Colegio Oficial de Psicologos de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. In Search of Effective Research in Social Sciences: Discussing the Key Fundamentals.
- Author
-
Acharya, Deepti
- Subjects
SOCIAL science research ,POLITICAL science education ,DILEMMA - Abstract
The objectives and research methodologies of different "sciences" naturally differ from one another. Since each science generates a certain kind of knowledge, it is morally unjust to compare and devalue one science against another. The question is if this truth is reflected in academia's thinking and behavior, globally. Experiences suggest that, despite the enormous contribution of social sciences to human civilization, the knowledge engendered from natural sciences research is often given more respect than those from the social sciences. In the given reality, a social science researcher faces a struggle to remain motivated. The inherently intricate nature of social science research exacerbates the dilemma and frequently creates a scope that raises doubts about the validity of the study. Such a scenario calls for extraordinary planning from a social science researcher, which is anticipated to be done both before and throughout the research process. Given this call, the present paper attempts to draw the key requisites, essential for effective research. The paper, while underlining the significance of social science research, focuses on some fundamental questions that collectively seek to explore what makes research more effective and how a researcher can attain it. This paper, instead of describing the elements of research in social sciences, draws the stages of research, required to be followed before and during the investigation. To present the discussion the paper uses exploratory and descriptive methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
40. Truth in Science Publishing: A Personal Perspective.
- Author
-
Südhof, Thomas C.
- Subjects
PROFESSIONAL peer review ,REPRODUCIBLE research ,RESEARCH ,FALSIFICATION of data ,ACADEMIC fraud ,RESEARCH grants ,SCIENCE publishing - Abstract
Scientists, public servants, and patient advocates alike increasingly question the validity of published scientific results, endangering the public’s acceptance of science. Here, I argue that emerging flaws in the integrity of the peer review system are largely responsible. Distortions in peer review are driven by economic forces and enabled by a lack of accountability of journals, editors, and authors. One approach to restoring trust in the validity of published results may be to establish basic rules that render peer review more transparent, such as publishing the reviews (a practice already embraced by some journals) and monitoring not only the track records of authors but also of editors and journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. The experimental research on well-being since 2004.
- Author
-
Caan, Woody
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,PROFESSIONAL peer review ,PUBLIC health ,RESEARCH ,SOCIAL sciences ,SYSTEMATIC reviews - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the claim by the Chief Medical Officer for England that “There is virtually no robust, peer-reviewed evidence to support a ‘well-being’ approach to mental health”. Design/methodology/approach – Secondary research using research literature from two widely available databases, Scopus and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts. Randomised controlled trials were sought that focused on “well-being” (including well-being or wellness), from 2004 to the present. Findings – With both clinical samples and non-clinical populations, a variety of experimental trials were found. Studies were identified with both positive benefits and no benefits from intervention. The most numerous type of paper reported positive benefits for clinical patients. Research limitations/implications – Only a single reader classified the studies in this investigation, so the inter-rater reliability may be limited. Only two databases were searched. However, future work (such as that in progress by the What Works Centre for Wellbeing) may find an abundance of evidence on mental well-being. Practical implications – In many settings, well-being can improve after intervention. Social implications – What is measured as “well-being” may need to take into account the perspective of the specific population being studied. Originality/value – This small-scale study was undertaken to inform policy in the new Public Mental Health Network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. What Difference Does Good Monitoring and Evaluation Make to World Bank Project Performance?
- Author
-
Raimondo, Estelle
- Subjects
INDICATORS ,DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES ,INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT ,RELEVANCE ,INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS ,PROJECTS ,DESIGN ,INSTITUTIONAL ASSESSMENT ,CRITERIA ,MONITORING ,M&E SYSTEMS ,TREATMENT GROUPS ,LENDING ,OUTCOMES ,GOVERNMENTS ,PERFORMANCE INDICATORS ,PROJECT MANAGEMENT ,STATISTICS ,BANK ,LOANS ,POLICY DECISIONS ,INTERVENTION ,INTERVENTIONS ,QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES ,SOCIAL INCLUSION ,SERVICE DELIVERY ,STRATEGIES ,BORROWERS ,M&E DESIGN ,INDUSTRY ,OPERATIONS ,TREATMENT EFFECTS ,SOCIAL SCIENCES ,EVALUATION ,QUALITY AT ENTRY ,QUALITY ,IMPACT EVALUATIONS ,EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN ,EVALUATION SYSTEM ,SUPERVISION ,SAMPLING ,M&E ,MONITORING & EVALUATION ,INSTRUMENTS ,PROPENSITY‐ SCORE MATCHING ,PUBLIC SECTOR ,DEVELOPMENT POLICY ,CONTROL GROUPS ,SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ,PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION ,SURVEYS ,EVALUATION ACTIVITIES ,RESEARCH ,IMPLEMENTATION CAPACITY ,SERVICE ,DEVELOPMENT PROJECT ,IMPACT EVALUATION ,STRUCTURAL POLICIES ,DATA SOURCES ,AUDITS ,M&E CREDIBILITY ,PROBLEM PROJECTS ,SELF‐EVALUATION ,INSTITUTIONAL SETUP ,M&E CAPACITY ,PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ,VALUE ,RISK ,ACTIONS ,GOVERNANCE ,DEPTH CASE‐STUDIES ,COMMUNITY ,SAMPLE SIZE ,MODEL SPECIFICATION ,EQUITY ,PROJECT ,PROJECT EVALUATION ,GRANTS ,EFFICIENCY ,TRAINING ,ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ,LEARNING ,CORRECTIVE ACTIONS ,PROJECT OBJECTIVES ,LONG PERIOD OF TIME ,COUNTERFACTUAL ,POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER ,LABOR ,BASELINE DATA ,IMPLEMENTATION COMPLETION REPORT ,M&E ACTIVITIES ,FEEDBACK ,INTEREST ,MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS ,PROJECT QUALITY ,ICR ,PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING ,OPERATIONAL POLICY ,PROJECT CYCLE ,IMPROVEMENTS ,EVALUATION SYSTEMS ,INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE ,DATA COLLECTION ,DATA‐COLLECTION - Abstract
For more than 20 years, the development community has claimed that monitoring and evaluation helps projects achieve their objectives. This study uses data from 1,300 World Bank projects evaluated between 2008 and 2014 to investigate this suggested link between the quality of monitoring and evaluation and project performance. The propensity score matching results indicate that the quality of monitoring and evaluation is significantly and positively associated with project outcome as institutionally measured at the World Bank. This positive relationship holds when controlling for project manager identity, and is robust to various specification choices. Through a systematic text analysis of the narrative produced by the Independent Evaluation Group to justify its monitoring and evaluation quality rating, the study shows that there are common markers of good quality monitoring and evaluation, such as: clear institutional setup and division of labor around monitoring and evaluation activities; simple monitoring and evaluation framework that is well aligned with clients' existing monitoring and evaluation systems; good integration with operational tasks; and a system that can generate regular and timely reporting, and that is used during and after lending.
- Published
- 2016
43. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH IN THE SCIENCE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW.
- Author
-
KRIVOKAPIĆ, Boris Đ.
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL law ,INTERNATIONAL conflict ,SOCIAL sciences ,RESEARCH ,DIPLOMACY - Abstract
Copyright of International Thematic Scientific Conference Fundamental Researches is the property of International Association of Social Science Methodologists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
44. The Heterogeneous Effect of Information on Student Performance : Evidence from a Randomized Control Trial in Mexico
- Author
-
Avitabile, Ciro and de Hoyos, Rafael
- Subjects
GENDER GAP ,SCHOOL DROP ,LEARNING OUTCOMES ,INVESTMENT ,MATH TEST ,CHILDREN ,ECONOMIC GROWTH ,GRADE REPETITION ,EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES ,CLASSROOM ,MATHEMATICS ,CHEMISTRY ,EMPLOYMENT ,TEST SCORES ,EXAM ,WORK STATUS ,POSITIVE IMPACT ,STUDENT AWARENESS ,VALUES ,MARRIAGE MARKET ,SUBJECTS ,WOMEN ,HIGH SCHOOL DROPOUTS ,WORKERS ,EDUCATION ,ENROLLMENT RATES ,DEGREE PROGRAMS ,CURRICULUM ,FEMALE STUDENTS ,GROUPS ,STUDENT SCORES ,GIRLS ,HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES ,COLLEGE ,INTERVENTIONS ,SECONDARY SCHOOLS ,READING ,CURRICULUM REFORM ,STUDENT PERFORMANCE ,TEACHERS ,education ,ADOLESCENT GIRLS ,STUDENTS ,GRADE EXAM ,UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION ,SUBJECT AREAS ,CAREERS ,ECONOMICS OF EDUCATION ,SCHOOLS ,SOCIAL SCIENCES ,PUBLIC EDUCATION ,LOWER SECONDARY ,TEACHER ,COGNITIVE SKILLS ,RURAL AREAS ,SECONDARY EDUCATION ,SCHOOL SUPPLY ,SECONDARY EDUCATION SYSTEM ,HIGHER EDUCATION ,SCHOOL COMPLETION ,LABOR MARKET ,GRADUATE ,HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ,COMPUTER SOFTWARE ,COLLEGE COSTS ,SOCIAL NORMS ,CLASSROOMS ,SCHOOL CURRICULUM ,BETTER SCHOOLS ,MATH TEACHERS ,TERTIARY EDUCATION ,SCHOOL PERFORMANCE ,STUDENT ASSESSMENT ,FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS ,LITERATURE ,ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,AVERAGE TEST SCORE ,STUDENT REPORTS ,SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ,COMPLETION RATES ,RESEARCH ,EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES ,LOWER SECONDARY EDUCATION ,HIGH SCHOOL ,UNIVERSITY DEGREE ,UPPER SECONDARY SCHOOLS ,EDUCATIONAL CHOICES ,LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL ,EDUCATION OUTCOMES ,LIFE EXPECTANCY ,OPEN ACCESS ,PAPERS ,GRADUATES ,ECONOMIC OUTCOMES ,STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT ,SCHOOL STUDENTS ,STUDENT ,GRADUATION RATES ,YOUTH ,EDUCATION SYSTEM ,HUMAN CAPITAL ,UPPER SECONDARY ,SKILLS ,UNIVERSAL ENROLLMENT ,TECHNICAL SCHOOLS ,SECONDARY SCHOOL ,GRANTS ,HUMAN RESOURCES ,RETURNS TO EDUCATION ,HOUSEHOLD INCOME ,BIOLOGY ,ADMINISTRATIVE DATA ,LEARNING ,GENDER COMPOSITION ,PHYSICS ,DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ,ACHIEVEMENT ,HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM ,KNOWLEDGE ,ENROLLMENT ,VOCATIONAL EDUCATION ,SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM ,BETTER LEARNING ,GRADE TEST ,HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT ,STUDENT OUTCOMES ,DROPOUT RATES ,AVERAGE SCORE ,EARLY GRADES ,SCHOOL ATTENDANCE ,SCHOOL ,UNIVERSITY ,SCHOOLING ,MATH SCORES ,MATH TEACHER - Abstract
A randomized control trial was conducted to study whether providing 10th grade students with information about the returns to upper secondary and tertiary education, and a source of financial aid for tertiary education, can contribute to improve student performance. The study finds that the intervention had no effects on the probability of taking a 12th grade national standardized exam three years after, a proxy for on-time high school completion, but a positive and significant impact on learning outcomes and self-reported measures of effort. The effects are larger for girls and students from households with a relatively high income. These findings are consistent with a simple model where time discount determines the increase in effort and only students with adequate initial conditions are able to translate increased effort into better outcomes.
- Published
- 2015
45. The Experience of Middle-Income Countries Participating in PISA 2000-2015
- Author
-
Lockheed, Marlaine E., Prokic-Breuer, Tijana, and Shadrova, Anna
- Subjects
SOCIAL SCIENCE ,PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS ,LEARNING OUTCOMES ,EDUCATION SECTOR ,LEVELS OF EDUCATION ,EDUCATION SYSTEMS ,TECHNICAL EXPERTS ,NATURAL SCIENCES ,QUALITY OF EDUCATION ,MINISTERS OF EDUCATION ,QUALITY OF INSTRUCTION ,EMPLOYMENT ,ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ,COURSE OFFERINGS ,DEGREES ,FEMALE TEACHERS ,EDUCATION EXPERTS ,DISSERTATION ,MINISTRIES ,SCIENCE ,UNDERGRADUATE COURSES ,TRAINING ACTIVITIES ,EDUCATION MINISTERS ,EDUCATION LEADERS ,CURRICULUM ,UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMS ,TECHNICAL EXPERTISE ,COLLEGE ,VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS ,BOARD OF DIRECTORS ,SALARY INCREASES ,TEACHERS ,MINISTRY OF EDUCATION ,STUDENTS ,INFORMATION SYSTEMS ,CAREERS ,NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS ,INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION ,EDUCATION STATISTICS ,SCHOOLS ,SOCIAL SCIENCES ,TEACHER ,TEACHER TRAINING ,ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE ,SECONDARY EDUCATION ,HIGHER EDUCATION ,GRADUATE ,CIVIL SERVICE ,EDUCATIONAL PERFORMANCE ,STUDENTS IN MATHEMATICS ,LITERACY ,LEARNING OPPORTUNITIES ,SCIENCE RESEARCH ,COURSE CONTENT ,SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH ,TECHNICAL TRAINING ,PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS ,PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS ,GRADUATE STUDENTS ,LITERATURE ,DISADVANTAGED STUDENTS ,FUNCTIONAL LITERACY ,RESEARCH INSTITUTE ,EDUCATIONAL PLANNING ,RESEARCH ,RURAL STUDENTS ,TEXTBOOKS ,UNIVERSITY DEGREE ,UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS ,DIRECT GRANTS ,HUMAN DEVELOPMENT ,PAPERS ,KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY ,HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ,ACCESS TO INFORMATION ,RESEARCH LITERATURE ,GRADUATES ,STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT ,STUDENT ,HIGH SCHOOLS ,MINISTRIES OF EDUCATION ,HUMAN CAPITAL ,SCHOOL QUALITY ,RESEARCHERS ,EDUCATIONAL QUALITY ,ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT ,GRANTS ,TRAINING ,HUMAN RESOURCES ,UNIVERSITY ENTRANCE ,INSTRUCTION ,TEACHING ,LEARNING ASSESSMENTS ,LEARNING ,EXPENDITURES ,STUDENT LEARNING ,LIFELONG LEARNING ,PRIVATE SCHOOLS ,PRIVATE EDUCATION ,SCHOLARS ,LABOR MARKETS ,UNIVERSITIES ,STUDENT POPULATION ,ACADEMIC SELECTION ,SCHOLARSHIPS ,PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT ,LEARNING ENVIRONMENT ,CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT ,INSTITUTES ,PROFESSORS ,RESEARCH METHODS ,DOCTORAL STUDIES ,SCHOOL ,EDUCATION EQUITY ,UNIVERSITY ,ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE ,EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS ,SCIENCE LABORATORY EQUIPMENT - Abstract
This report provides a systematic review and empirical evidence related to the experiences of middle-income countries and economies participating in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), 2000 to 2015. PISA is a triennial survey that aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students. To date, students representing more than 70 countries and economies have participated in the assessment, including 44 middle-income countries, many of which are developing countries receiving foreign aid. This report provides answers to six important questions about these middle-income countries and their experiences of participating in PISA: what is the extent of developing country participation in PISA and other international learning assessments?; why do these countries join PISA?; what are the financial, technical, and cultural challenges for their participation in PISA?; what impact has participation had on their national assessment capacity?; how have PISA results influenced their national policy discussions?; and what does PISA data tell us about education in these countries and the policies and practices that influence student performance? The findings of this report are being used by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to support its efforts to make PISA more relevant to a wider range of countries, and by the World Bank as part of its on-going dialogue with its client countries regarding participation in international large-scale assessments.
- Published
- 2015
46. Highly cited articles in the Education and Educational Research category in the Social Science Citation Index: a bibliometric analysis.
- Author
-
Ivanović, Lidija and Ho, Yuh-Shan
- Subjects
SOCIAL sciences ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,EDUCATION ,RESEARCH ,THERMODYNAMICS - Abstract
This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of highly cited articles published in the Web of Science category "Education and Educational Research" in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI). A total of 2091 journal articles published in this category and cited more than 100 times up to the end of the year 2016 were retrieved as highly cited articles. Distributions of highly cited articles per publication year, journals, institutions and countries were analysed, as well as the citation life cycle of the top-cited articles. The USA, its institutions and researchers are the absolute leaders in the category of Education and Educational Research according to the results of the conducted analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Theory utilization in applied qualitative nursing research.
- Author
-
Chiu, Patrick, Thorne, Sally, Schick‐Makaroff, Kara, and Cummings, Greta G.
- Subjects
EXPERIMENTAL design ,NURSING ,RESEARCH methodology ,QUALITATIVE research ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,SOCIAL sciences ,NURSING research ,THEORY ,DECISION making ,DATA analysis ,PALLIATIVE treatment - Abstract
Aims: To explore the nuances of theory utilization in qualitative methodologies, discuss the different relationships that applied qualitative methodologies have with theory and use the foundational underpinnings of interpretive description to challenge strongly entrenched ideas of theory that have extended into applied qualitative nursing research. Design: Methodology discussion paper. Data sources: Narrative literature review and personal observations. Conclusion: Many qualitative research traditions have viewed the use of an explicit theoretical framework as an integral grounding for qualitative research studies. Much of the discussion of theory in extant qualitative methodological literature focuses on its use in the context of traditional methodologies such as ethnography, phenomenology and grounded theory, with less attention on methodological approaches developed for applied and practice disciplines such as nursing. Uncritical adoption of ideas about theory based on traditional qualitative methodological conventions can result in findings with little utility for application to the practice context. Impact: Nursing researchers should think critically about how theory is used in research endeavours geared towards applied practice and ensure that their methodological choices are in alignment with their philosophical and disciplinary epistemological positionings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Universities and knowledge transfer in the communication field. Letter.
- Author
-
Genaut-Arratibel, Aingeru, Suárez-Villegas, Juan-Carlos, and Cantalapiedra, María-José
- Subjects
KNOWLEDGE transfer ,SOCIAL institutions ,SCIENTIFIC communication ,COMMUNITIES ,COMMUNICATION models ,SOCIAL change - Abstract
“What is the role of universities nowadays?” is one of the questions that those of us who work there should be asking ourselves. Knowledge transfer has emerged as academia’s third mission and must drive social change and development. Specifically, this paper aims to analyze knowledge transfer’s significance in the social sciences and, more specifically, in communication sciences, by looking at the call for the six-year academic research period on knowledge transfer in 2018 and taking into account what is happening in other disciplines. The contributions of the Spanish university community in terms of knowledge transfer fall behind other countries in our field. Only approximately 1% of international patents result from Spanish research. This disparity between these two realms demonstrates the need to promote knowledge transfer as the third helix of the triple helix of an interactive and dynamic university model in communication with institutions and social agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. The Study of Public Management: Conceptualizing a Design-Oriented Social Science.
- Author
-
Barzelay, Michael
- Subjects
PUBLIC administration ,GOVERNMENT programs ,GOVERNMENT policy ,SOCIAL sciences ,POLICY sciences ,STRATEGIC communication - Abstract
Copyright of Revista do Serviço Público (Civil Service Review) is the property of Revista do Servico Publico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Thinking with affect, embodiment, care and relationality to do and teach critical research differently.
- Author
-
Shefer, Tamara
- Subjects
RESEARCH ,TEACHING ,REFLEXIVITY ,HUMANITY ,SOCIAL sciences ,AFFECT (Psychology) ,FEMINISTS - Abstract
Drawing on experiences of research, and teaching research, and other current scholarship within local critical, decolonial and feminist research, I argue the importance of a more nuanced application of reflexive practices in research. Located in the larger project of social justice in higher education and critical feminist psychology, the paper reflects on the continued dominance of extractive and representational practices in the humanities and social scientific research in general. It also explores the limitations of normative critical reflexivity in qualitative research. Qualitative research does not necessarily avoid repeating epistemologically violent practices and outcomes, and claims of reflexivity may obfuscate these. The article shares some thoughts about how we may disrupt normative research practices, through our work in the university with scholars and in our own critical psychological research, to destabilise dominant forms and pedagogies of research. In arguing for the reinvigoration of nuance and vigilance in the multi-layered politics of our research, the paper suggests the centrality of embodiment, affect, care and relationality in efforts to disrupt problematic practices and outcomes of normative research. The paper also explores two possible avenues of innovative methodological work in research and in teaching research which works through alternative modalities foregrounding such embodiment, affect, care and relationality. These include the participatoryactive research of photo-voice, and transversal collaborations across the knowledges of scholarship, art and activism to co-construct knowledge and "think with" our research and pedagogical programmes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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