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53. If You Can't Beat Them, Join Them: Enemy Shells as Refugia from Grazing & Competition PressureS

Author

Louise, B. Firth, primary, Clubley, Charlotte, additional, McGrath, Alex, additional, Renshaw, Emma, additional, Foggo, Andy, additional, Wilson, Alexander D. M., additional, Gribben, Paul E., additional, Flower, Amy E. A., additional, Burgess, Josh, additional, Heesch, Svenja, additional, Hawkins, Stephen J., additional, Stephen, Natasha R., additional, Haspel, Dan, additional, Spain-Butler, Amy, additional, Stührmann, Sophie, additional, Newstead, Alice, additional, and Knights, Antony M., additional

Published
2023
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54. Serum Proteomic Analysis of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Reveals Distinctive Dysregulation of Inflammatory and Cholesterol Metabolism Pathways

Author

aaaMcNamara, Dennis M., Fett, James D., Pisarcik, Jessica, McTiernan, Charles, Hanley-Yanez, Karen, Gorcsan, John, III, Schelbert, Erik, Alharethi, Rami, Rasmusson, Kismet, Brunisholz, Kim, Butler, Amy, Budge, Deborah, Kfoury, A.G., Horne, Benjamin, Tuinei, Joe, Brown, Heather, Damp, Julie, Naftilan, Allen J., Russell, Jill, Freehardt, Darla, Hsich, Eileen, Oblak, Cynthia, Ewald, Greg, Whitehead, Donna, Flanagan, Jean, Platts, Anne, Elkayam, Uri, Caro, Jorge, Mullin, Stephanie, Givertz, Michael M., Anello, M. Susan, Rajagopalan, Navin, Booth, David, Sandlin, Tiffany, Wijesiri, Wendy, Cooper, Leslie T., Blauwet, Lori A., Brunner, Joann, Phelps, Mary, Kempf, Ruth, Modi, Kalgi, Norwood, Tracy, Briller, Joan, Griza, Decebal Sorin, Felker, G. Michael, Kociol, Robb, Adams, Patricia, Wells, Gretchen, Thohan, Vinay, Wesley-Farrington, Deborah, Soots, Sandra, Sheppard, Richard, Michel, Caroline, Lapointe, Nathalie, Nathaniel, Heather, Kealey, Angela, Semigran, Marc, Daher, Maureen, Boehmer, John, Silber, David, Popjes, Eric, Frey, Patricia, Nicklas, Todd, Alexis, Jeffrey, Caufield, Lori, Thornton, John W., III, Gentry, Mindy, Robinson, Vincent J.B., Sharma, Gyanendra K., Holloway, Joan, Powell, Maria, Markham, David, Drazner, Mark, Fernandez, Lynn, Zucker, Mark, Baran, David A., Gimovsky, Martin L., Hochbaum, Natalia, Patel, Bharati, Adams, Laura, Ramani, Gautam, Gottlieb, Stephen, Robinson, Shawn, Fisher, Stacy, Marshall, Joanne, Haythe, Jennifer, Mancini, Donna, Bijou, Rachel, Farr, Maryjane, Marks, Marybeth, Arango, Henry, Bozkurt, Biykem, Bolos, Mariana, Mather, Paul, Rubin, Sharon, Bonita, Raphael, Eberwine, Susan, Skopicki, Hal, Stergiopoulos, Kathleen, McCathy-Santoro, Ellen, Intravaia, Jennifer, Maas, Elizabeth, Safirstein, Jordan, Kleet, Audrey, Martinez, Nancy, Corpoin, Christine, Hesari, Donna, Chaparro, Sandra, Hudson, Laura J., Ghali, Jalal K., Injic, Zora, Wittstein, Ilan S., McNamara, Dennis M., Janosko, Karen, London, Barry, Gorcsan, John, Tanaka, Hidekazu, Suffoletto, Mathew, Starling, Randall C., McNallan, Annette, Koenig, LuAnne, Pierson, Natalie, Bell, Yanique, Ervin, Alicia, Schrack, Janice, LaDuke, Pam, Torre-Amione, Guillermo, Arredondo, Jeannie, Pauly, Daniel F., Smith, Pamela C., Fuoco, Stephanie, Breton, Elayne, Wesley, Deborah, Dec, G. William, Cocca-Spofford, Diane, Markham, David W., Debes, Colleen, Zucker, Mark J., Liu, Peter, Renton, Judith, Narula, Jagat, Allen, Byron, Westberg, Elizabeth, Lovell, Jana P., Bermea, Kevin, Yu, Jinsheng, Rousseau, Sylvie, Cohen, Charles D., Bhalodia, Aashik, Zita, Marcelle Dina, Head, Richard D., Blumenthal, Roger S., Sharma, Garima, and Adamo, Luigi

Published
2023
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55. Antarctica and the Southern Ocean

Author

Abrahamsen, E Povl, Barreira, Sandra, Bitz, Cecilia M, Butler, Amy, Clem, Kyle R, Colwell, Steve, Coy, Lawrence, de Laat, Jos, du Plessis, Marcel D, Fogt, Ryan L, Fricker, Helen Amanda, Fyfe, John, Gardner, Alex S, Gille, Sarah T, Gorte, Tessa, Gregor, L, Hobbs, Will, Johnson, Bryan, Keenan, Eric, Keller, Linda M, Kramarova, Natalya A, Lazzara, Matthew A, Lenaerts, Jan TM, Lieser, Jan L, Liu, Hongxing, Long, Craig S, Maclennan, Michelle, Massom, Robert A, Massonnet, François, Mazloff, Matthew R, Mikolajczyk, David, Narayanan, A, Nash, Eric R, Newman, Paul A, Petropavlovskikh, Irina, Pitts, Michael, Queste, Bastien Y, Reid, Phillip, Roquet, F, Santee, Michelle L, Strahan, Susan, Swart, Sebastiann, and Wang, Lei

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Published
2020

62. Corrigendum

Author

Lim, Eun-Pa, primary, Hendon, Harry H., additional, Butler, Amy H., additional, Thompson, David W. J., additional, Lawrence, Zachary D., additional, Scaife, Adam A., additional, Shepherd, Theodore G., additional, Polichtchouk, Inna, additional, Nakamura, Hisashi, additional, Kobayashi, Chiaki, additional, Comer, Ruth, additional, Coy, Lawrence, additional, Dowdy, Andrew, additional, Garreaud, Rene D., additional, Newman, Paul A., additional, and Wang, Guomin, additional

Published
2024
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72. Sensitivity of Easterly QBO's Boreal Winter Teleconnections and Surface Impacts to SSWs.

Author

Elsbury, Dillon, Butler, Amy, Peings, Yannick, and Magnusdottir, Gudrun

Subjects
*NORTH Atlantic oscillation, *ATMOSPHERIC models, *SURFACE temperature, *POLAR vortex, *WINTER
Abstract

The quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) is thought to influence boreal winter surface conditions over Asia and around the North Atlantic. Confirming if these responses are robust is complicated by the QBO having multiple pathways to influence surface conditions as well as internal variability. The reanalysis record suggests that sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs), breakdowns of the polar vortex that can elicit persistent surface impacts, are more frequent during easterly QBO (EQBO). Hence, this modulated frequency of SSWs may account for some of the EQBO surface responses. However, many climate models do not reproduce this QBO–SSW relationship, perhaps because it is noise or because the model QBOs are deficient. We circumvent these issues by using an ensemble of fixed boundary condition branched simulations in which a realistic EQBO is prescribed in control simulations previously devoid of a QBO, allowing us to isolate the transient atmospheric response to EQBO. Imposing EQBO accelerates the tropical upper-tropospheric wind, shifts the subtropical jet poleward, and attenuates the polar vortex. Interestingly, the latter is not entirely dependent on the statistically significant increase in SSW frequency due to EQBO. Corroborating observations, EQBO is associated with warmer surface temperatures over Asia and negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions. We then subsample the branched/control simulations based on which EQBO members have SSWs. The negative NAO response is primarily associated with more frequent SSWs, while the Asia warming develops irrespective of SSWs. These results have implications for wintertime predictability and clarify the pairing of particular QBO teleconnections with certain surface impacts. Significance Statement: The QBO is one of the few parts of the Earth system that is predictable months in advance and that also elicits global effects on surface temperature, circulation, and precipitation. Unfortunately, climate models and operational forecast systems do not simulate the QBO well and it is not always clear how robust the global impacts of the QBO are. Here, we impose the QBO in idealized model simulations, which modulates wintertime surface temperature and precipitation over Asia, the North Atlantic, Europe, and Africa in a manner consistent with observations. This work substantiates the importance of climate and forecast models properly simulating the QBO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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73. Northern Hemisphere Stratosphere‐Troposphere Circulation Change in CMIP6 Models: 2. Mechanisms and Sources of the Spread.

Author

Karpechko, Alexey Yu., Wu, Zheng, Simpson, Isla R., Kretschmer, Marlene, Afargan‐Gerstman, Hilla, Butler, Amy H., Domeisen, Daniela I.V., Garny, Hella, Lawrence, Zachary, Manzini, Elisa, and Sigmond, Michael

Subjects
POLAR vortex, CLIMATE change models, GREENHOUSE gases, ATMOSPHERIC models, ROSSBY waves, STANDING waves
Abstract

We analyze the sources for spread in the response of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) to global warming in Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Phase 6 (CMIP6) model projections. About half of the intermodel spread in SPV projections by CMIP6 models, but less than a third in CMIP5 models, can be attributed to the intermodel spread in stationary planetary wave driving. In CMIP6, SPV weakening is mostly driven by increased upward wave flux from the troposphere, while SPV strengthening is associated with increased equatorward wave propagation away from the polar stratosphere. We test hypothesized factors contributing to changes in the upward and equatorward planetary wave fluxes and show that an across‐model regression using projected global warming rates, strengthening of the subtropical jet and basic state lower stratospheric wind biases as predictors can explain nearly the same fraction in the CMIP6 SPV spread as the planetary wave driving (r = 0.67). The dependence of the SPV spread on the model biases in the basic state winds offers a possible emergent constraint; however, a large uncertainty prevents a substantial reduction of the projected SPV spread. The lack of this dependence in CMIP5 further calls for better understanding of underlying causes. Our results improve understanding of projected SPV uncertainty; however, further narrowing of the uncertainty remains challenging. Plain Language Summary: Previous studies showed that changes in the strength of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime stratospheric polar vortex can affect near‐surface weather on various timescales. However, climate models do not agree on whether the polar vortex will weaken or strengthen during the 21st century. Here, we use Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and Phase 6 (CMIP6) experiments to better understand how the polar vortex will respond to future greenhouse gas emissions. We show that changes in the propagation of large‐scale atmospheric waves can explain nearly half of the spread in the vortex strength projections by the end of the 21st century by CMIP6 models. Increased upward propagation of the waves to the stratosphere leads to vortex weakening while increased equatorward propagation within the stratosphere leads to strengthening. We identify three factors associated with projected changes in the vortex strength across CMIP6 models: projected rates of global warming, projected rates of subtropical jet stream strengthening and model errors in lower stratospheric winds in the past climate. Stronger global warming rates and stronger past lower stratospheric winds are associated with vortex strengthening, while larger strengthening of the subtropical jet stream is associated with weakening. However, these relationships are weak in CMIP5 models. Key Points: About half of the projected stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) uncertainty in Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) can be attributed to stationary planetary wave drivingProjected polar vortex weakening and strengthening are linked to increased upward and equatorward wave propagation respectivelyA relationship is found between past lower stratospheric wind biases and SPV projections across CMIP6 models [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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75. Subseasonal to Decadal Prediction : Filling the Weather–Climate Gap

Author

Merryfield, William J., Baehr, Johanna, Batté, Lauriane, Becker, Emily J., Butler, Amy H., Coelho, Caio A. S., Danabasoglu, Gokhan, Dirmeyer, Paul A., Doblas-Reyes, Francisco J., Domeisen, Daniela I. V., Ferranti, Laura, Ilynia, Tatiana, Kumar, Arun, Müller, Wolfgang A., Rixen, Michel, Robertson, Andrew W., Smith, Doug M., Takaya, Yuhei, Tuma, Matthias, Vitart, Frederic, White, Christopher J., Alvarez, Mariano S., Ardilouze, Constantin, Attard, Hannah, Baggett, Cory, Balmaseda, Magdalena A., Beraki, Asmerom F., Bhattacharjee, Partha S., Bilbao, Roberto, de Andrade, Felipe M., DeFlorio, Michael J., Díaz, Leandro B., Ehsan, Muhammad Azhar, Fragkoulidis, Georgios, Grainger, Sam, Green, Benjamin W., Hell, Momme C., Infanti, Johnna M., Isensee, Katharina, Kataoka, Takahito, Kirtman, Ben P., Klingaman, Nicholas P., Lee, June-Yi, Mayer, Kirsten, McKay, Roseanna, Mecking, Jennifer V., Miller, Douglas E., Neddermann, Nele, Ng, Ching Ho Justin, Ossó, Albert, Pankatz, Klaus, Peatman, Simon, Pegion, Kathy, Perlwitz, Judith, Recalde-Coronel, G. Cristina, Reintges, Annika, Renkl, Christoph, Solaraju-Murali, Balakrishnan, Spring, Aaron, Stan, Cristiana, Sun, Y. Qiang, Tozer, Carly R., Vigaud, Nicolas, Woolnough, Steven, and Yeager, Stephen

Published
2020

77. Forecasts of Opportunity : Opening Windows of Skill, Subseasonal and Beyond

Author

Mariotti, Annarita, Baggett, Cory, Barnes, Elizabeth A., Becker, Emily, Butler, Amy, Collins, Dan C., Dirmeyer, Paul A., Ferranti, Laura, Johnson, Nathaniel C., Jones, Jeanine, Kirtman, Ben P., Lang, Andrea L., Molod, Andrea, Newman, Matthew, Robertson, Andrew W., Schubert, Siegfried, Waliser, Duane E., and Albers, John

Published
2020

78. Current and Emerging Developments in Subseasonal to Decadal Prediction

Author

Merryfield, William J., Baehr, Johanna, Batté, Lauriane, Becker, Emily J., Butler, Amy H., Coelho, Caio A. S., Danabasoglu, Gokhan, Dirmeyer, Paul A., Doblas-Reyes, Francisco J., Domeisen, Daniela I. V., Ferranti, Laura, Ilynia, Tatiana, Kumar, Arun, Müller, Wolfgang A., Rixen, Michel, Robertson, Andrew W., Smith, Doug M., Takaya, Yuhei, Tuma, Matthias, Vitart, Frederic, White, Christopher J., Alvarez, Mariano S., Ardilouze, Constantin, Attard, Hannah, Baggett, Cory, Balmaseda, Magdalena A., Beraki, Asmerom F., Bhattacharjee, Partha S., Bilbao, Roberto, de Andrade, Felipe M., DeFlorio, Michael J., Díaz, Leandro B., Ehsan, Muhammad Azhar, Fragkoulidis, Georgios, Grainger, Sam, Green, Benjamin W., Hell, Momme C., Infanti, Johnna M., Isensee, Katharina, Kataoka, Takahito, Kirtman, Ben P., Klingaman, Nicholas P., Lee, June-Yi, Mayer, Kirsten, McKay, Roseanna, Mecking, Jennifer V., Miller, Douglas E., Neddermann, Nele, Ng, Ching Ho Justin, Ossó, Albert, Pankatz, Klaus, Peatman, Simon, Pegion, Kathy, Perlwitz, Judith, Recalde-Coronel, G. Cristina, Reintges, Annika, Renkl, Christoph, Solaraju-Murali, Balakrishnan, Spring, Aaron, Stan, Cristiana, Sun, Y. Qiang, Tozer, Carly R., Vigaud, Nicolas, Woolnough, Steven, and Yeager, Stephen

Published
2020

79. Windows of Opportunity for Skillful Forecasts Subseasonal to Seasonal and Beyond

Author

Mariotti, Annarita, Baggett, Cory, Barnes, Elizabeth A., Becker, Emily, Butler, Amy, Collins, Dan C., Dirmeyer, Paul A., Ferranti, Laura, Johnson, Nathaniel C., Jones, Jeanine, Kirtman, Ben P., Lang, Andrea L., Molod, Andrea, Newman, Matthew, Robertson, Andrew W., Schubert, Siegfried, Waliser, Duane E., and Albers, John

Published
2020

81. Simultaneous Bering Sea and Labrador Sea ice melt extremes in March 2023: A confluence of meteorological events aligned with stratosphere-troposphere interactions.

Author

Ballinger, Thomas J., Moore, Kent, Ding, Qinghua, Butler, Amy H., Overland, James E., Thoman, Richard L., Baxter, Ian, Li, Zhe, and Hanna, Edward

Subjects
SEA ice, ATMOSPHERIC rivers, LA Nina, ZONE melting, MELTING, WINTER
Abstract

Today's Arctic is characterized by a lengthening of the sea ice melt season, but also by fast and at times unseasonal melt events. Such anomalous melt cases have been identified in Pacific and Atlantic Arctic sector sea ice studies. Through observational analyses, we document an unprecedented, simultaneous marginal ice zone melt event in the Bering Sea and Labrador Sea in March of 2023. Taken independently, variability in the cold season ice edge at synoptic time scales is common. However, such anomalous, short-term ice loss over either region during the climatological sea ice maxima is uncommon, and the tandem ice loss that occurred qualifies this as a rare event. The atmospheric setting that supported the unseasonal melt events was preceded by a sudden stratospheric warming event that, along with ongoing La Niña teleconnections, led to positive tropospheric height anomalies across much of the Arctic and the development of anomalous mid-troposphere ridges over the ice loss regions. These large-scale anticyclonic centers funneled extremely warm and moist airstreams onto the ice causing melt. Further analysis identified the presence of atmospheric rivers within these warm airstreams whose characteristics likely contributed to this bi-regional ice melt event. Whether such a confluence of anomalous wintertime events associated with troposphere-stratosphere coupling may occur more often in a warming Arctic remains a research area ripe for further exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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82. Serum Proteomic Analysis of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Reveals Distinctive Dysregulation of Inflammatory and Cholesterol Metabolism Pathways

Author

Lovell, Jana P., primary, Bermea, Kevin, additional, Yu, Jinsheng, additional, Rousseau, Sylvie, additional, Cohen, Charles D., additional, Bhalodia, Aashik, additional, Zita, Marcelle Dina, additional, Head, Richard D., additional, Blumenthal, Roger S., additional, Alharethi, Rami, additional, Damp, Julie, additional, Boehmer, John, additional, Alexis, Jeffrey, additional, McNamara, Dennis M., additional, Sharma, Garima, additional, Adamo, Luigi, additional, aaaMcNamara, Dennis M., additional, Fett, James D., additional, Pisarcik, Jessica, additional, McTiernan, Charles, additional, Hanley-Yanez, Karen, additional, Gorcsan, John, additional, Schelbert, Erik, additional, Rasmusson, Kismet, additional, Brunisholz, Kim, additional, Butler, Amy, additional, Budge, Deborah, additional, Kfoury, A.G., additional, Horne, Benjamin, additional, Tuinei, Joe, additional, Brown, Heather, additional, Naftilan, Allen J., additional, Russell, Jill, additional, Freehardt, Darla, additional, Hsich, Eileen, additional, Oblak, Cynthia, additional, Ewald, Greg, additional, Whitehead, Donna, additional, Flanagan, Jean, additional, Platts, Anne, additional, Elkayam, Uri, additional, Caro, Jorge, additional, Mullin, Stephanie, additional, Givertz, Michael M., additional, Anello, M. Susan, additional, Rajagopalan, Navin, additional, Booth, David, additional, Sandlin, Tiffany, additional, Wijesiri, Wendy, additional, Cooper, Leslie T., additional, Blauwet, Lori A., additional, Brunner, Joann, additional, Phelps, Mary, additional, Kempf, Ruth, additional, Modi, Kalgi, additional, Norwood, Tracy, additional, Briller, Joan, additional, Griza, Decebal Sorin, additional, Felker, G. Michael, additional, Kociol, Robb, additional, Adams, Patricia, additional, Wells, Gretchen, additional, Thohan, Vinay, additional, Wesley-Farrington, Deborah, additional, Soots, Sandra, additional, Sheppard, Richard, additional, Michel, Caroline, additional, Lapointe, Nathalie, additional, Nathaniel, Heather, additional, Kealey, Angela, additional, Semigran, Marc, additional, Daher, Maureen, additional, Silber, David, additional, Popjes, Eric, additional, Frey, Patricia, additional, Nicklas, Todd, additional, Caufield, Lori, additional, Thornton, John W., additional, Gentry, Mindy, additional, Robinson, Vincent J.B., additional, Sharma, Gyanendra K., additional, Holloway, Joan, additional, Powell, Maria, additional, Markham, David, additional, Drazner, Mark, additional, Fernandez, Lynn, additional, Zucker, Mark, additional, Baran, David A., additional, Gimovsky, Martin L., additional, Hochbaum, Natalia, additional, Patel, Bharati, additional, Adams, Laura, additional, Ramani, Gautam, additional, Gottlieb, Stephen, additional, Robinson, Shawn, additional, Fisher, Stacy, additional, Marshall, Joanne, additional, Haythe, Jennifer, additional, Mancini, Donna, additional, Bijou, Rachel, additional, Farr, Maryjane, additional, Marks, Marybeth, additional, Arango, Henry, additional, Bozkurt, Biykem, additional, Bolos, Mariana, additional, Mather, Paul, additional, Rubin, Sharon, additional, Bonita, Raphael, additional, Eberwine, Susan, additional, Skopicki, Hal, additional, Stergiopoulos, Kathleen, additional, McCathy-Santoro, Ellen, additional, Intravaia, Jennifer, additional, Maas, Elizabeth, additional, Safirstein, Jordan, additional, Kleet, Audrey, additional, Martinez, Nancy, additional, Corpoin, Christine, additional, Hesari, Donna, additional, Chaparro, Sandra, additional, Hudson, Laura J., additional, Ghali, Jalal K., additional, Injic, Zora, additional, Wittstein, Ilan S., additional, Janosko, Karen, additional, London, Barry, additional, Tanaka, Hidekazu, additional, Suffoletto, Mathew, additional, Starling, Randall C., additional, McNallan, Annette, additional, Koenig, LuAnne, additional, Pierson, Natalie, additional, Bell, Yanique, additional, Ervin, Alicia, additional, Schrack, Janice, additional, LaDuke, Pam, additional, Torre-Amione, Guillermo, additional, Arredondo, Jeannie, additional, Pauly, Daniel F., additional, Smith, Pamela C., additional, Fuoco, Stephanie, additional, Breton, Elayne, additional, Wesley, Deborah, additional, Dec, G. William, additional, Cocca-Spofford, Diane, additional, Markham, David W., additional, Debes, Colleen, additional, Zucker, Mark J., additional, Liu, Peter, additional, Renton, Judith, additional, Narula, Jagat, additional, Allen, Byron, additional, and Westberg, Elizabeth, additional

Published
2023
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83. Breastfeeding, Cellular Immune Activation, and Myocardial Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Author

McNamara, Dennis M, Fett, James D., Pisarcik, Jessica, McTiernan, Charles, Hanley-Yanez, Karen, Gorcsan, John, III, Schelbert, Erik, Alharethi, Rami, Rasmusson, Kismet, Brunisholz, Kim, Butler, Amy, Budge, Deborah, Kfoury, A.G., Horne, Benjamin, Tuinei, Joe, Brown, Heather, Damp, Julie, Naftilan, Allen J., Russell, Jill, Freehardt, Darla, Hsich, Eileen, Oblak, Cynthia, Ewald, Greg, Whitehead, Donna, Flanagan, Jean, Platts, Anne, Elkayam, Uri, Caro, Jorge, Mullin, Stephanie, Givertz, Michael M., Anello, M. Susan, Rajagopalan, Navin, Booth, David, Sandlin, Tiffany, Wijesiri, Wendy, Cooper, Leslie T., Blauwet, Lori A., Brunner, Joann, Phelps, Mary, Kempf, Ruth, Modi, Kalgi, Norwood, Tracy, Briller, Joan, Griza, Decebal Sorin, Felker, G. Michael, Kociol, Robb, Adams, Patricia, Wells, Gretchen, Thohan, Vinay, Wesley-Farrington, Deborah, Soots, Sandra, Sheppard, Richard, Michel, Caroline, Lapointe, Nathalie, Nathaniel, Heather, Kealey, Angela, Semigran, Marc, Daher, Maureen, Boehmer, John, Silber, David, Popjes, Eric, Frey, Patricia, Nicklas, Todd, Alexis, Jeffrey, Caufield, Lori, Thornton, John W., III, Gentry, Mindy, Robinson, Vincent J.B., Sharma, Gyanendra K., Holloway, Joan, Powell, Maria, Markham, David, Drazner, Mark, Fernandez, Lynn, Zucker, Mark, Baran, David A., Gimovsky, Martin L., Hochbaum, Natalia, Patel, Bharati, Adams, Laura, Ramani, Gautam, Gottlieb, Stephen, Robinson, Shawn, Fisher, Stacy, Marshall, Joanne, Haythe, Jennifer, Mancini, Donna, Bijou, Rachel, Farr, Maryjane, Marks, Marybeth, Arango, Henry, Bozkurt, Biykem, Bolos, Mariana, Mather, Paul, Rubin, Sharon, Bonita, Raphael, Eberwine, Susan, Skopicki, Hal, Stergiopoulos, Kathleen, McCathy-Santoro, Ellen, Intravaia, Jennifer, Maas, Elizabeth, Safirstein, Jordan, Kleet, Audrey, Martinez, Nancy, Corpoin, Christine, Hesari, Donna, Chaparro, Sandra, Hudson, Laura J., Ghali, Jalal K., Injic, Zora, Wittstein, Ilan S., Koczo, Agnes, Marino, Amy, Jeyabalan, Arun, Fett, James, Blauwet, Lori, Morel, Penelope A., and McNamara, Dennis M.

Published
2019
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84. Injection strategy – a driver of atmospheric circulation and ozone response to stratospheric aerosol geoengineering.

Author

Bednarz, Ewa M., Butler, Amy H., Visioni, Daniele, Zhang, Yan, Kravitz, Ben, and MacMartin, Douglas G.

Subjects
STRATOSPHERIC aerosols, TROPOSPHERIC ozone, ATMOSPHERIC ozone, ATMOSPHERIC circulation, OZONE layer, ANTARCTIC oscillation, STRATOSPHERIC circulation
Abstract

Despite offsetting global mean surface temperature, various studies demonstrated that stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) could influence the recovery of stratospheric ozone and have important impacts on stratospheric and tropospheric circulation, thereby potentially playing an important role in modulating regional and seasonal climate variability. However, so far, most of the assessments of such an approach have come from climate model simulations in which SO 2 is injected only in a single location or a set of locations. Here we use CESM2-WACCM6 SAI simulations under a comprehensive set of SAI strategies achieving the same global mean surface temperature with different locations and/or timing of injections, namely an equatorial injection, an annual injection of equal amounts of SO 2 at 15 ∘ N and 15 ∘ S, an annual injection of equal amounts of SO 2 at 30 ∘ N and 30 ∘ S, and a polar strategy injecting SO 2 at 60 ∘ N and 60 ∘ S only in spring in each hemisphere. We demonstrate that despite achieving the same global mean surface temperature, the different strategies result in contrastingly different magnitudes of the aerosol-induced lower stratospheric warming, stratospheric moistening, strengthening of stratospheric polar jets in both hemispheres, and changes in the speed of the residual circulation. These impacts tend to maximise under the equatorial injection strategy and become smaller as the aerosols are injected away from the Equator into the subtropics and higher latitudes. In conjunction with the differences in direct radiative impacts at the surface, these different stratospheric changes drive different impacts on the extratropical modes of variability (Northern and Southern Annular modes), including important consequences on the northern winter surface climate, and on the intensity of tropical tropospheric Walker and Hadley circulations, which drive tropical precipitation patterns. Finally, we demonstrate that the choice of injection strategy also plays a first-order role in the future evolution of stratospheric ozone under SAI throughout the globe. Overall, our results contribute to an increased understanding of the fine interplay of various radiative, dynamical, and chemical processes driving the atmospheric circulation and ozone response to SAI and lay the foundation for designing an optimal SAI strategy that could form a basis of future multi-model intercomparisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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86. The Climate-System Historical Forecast Project : Providing Open Access to Seasonal Forecast Ensembles from Centers around the Globe

Author

Tompkins, Adrian M., De Zárate, María Inés Ortiz, Saurral, Ramiro I., Vera, Carolina, Saulo, Celeste, Merryfield, William J., Sigmond, Michael, Lee, Woo-Sung, Baehr, Johanna, Braun, Alain, Butler, Amy, Déqué, Michel, Doblas-Reyes, Francisco J., Gordon, Margaret, Scaife, Adam A., Imada, Yukiko, Ishii, Masayoshi, Ose, Tomoaki, Kirtman, Ben, Kumar, Arun, Müller, Wolfgang A., Pirani, Anna, Stockdale, Tim, Rixen, Michel, and Yasuda, Tamaki

Published
2017

87. Circulating T-Cell Subsets, Monocytes, and Natural Killer Cells in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Results From the Multicenter IPAC Study

Author

McNamara, Dennis M., Fett, James D., Pisarcik, Jessica, McTiernan, Charles, Hanley-Yanez, Karen, Gorcsan, John, III, Schelbert, Erik, Alharethi, Rami, Rasmusson, Kismet, Brunisholz, Kim, Butler, Amy, Budge, Deborah, Kfoury, A.G., Horne, Benjamin, Tuinei, Joe, Brown, Heather, Damp, Julie, Naftilan, Allen J., Russell, Jill, Freehardt, Darla, Hsich, Eileen, Oblak, Cynthia, Ewald, Greg, Whitehead, Donna, Flanagan, Jean, Platts, Anne, Elkayam, Uri, Caro, Jorge, Mullin, Stephanie, Givertz, Michael M., Anello, M. Susan, Rajagopalan, Navin, Booth, David, Sandlin, Tiffany, Wijesiri, Wendy, Cooper, Leslie T., Blauwet, Lori A., Brunner, Joann, Phelps, Mary, Kempf, Ruth, Modi, Kalgi, Norwood, Tracy, Briller, Joan, Griza, Decebal Sorin, Felker, G. Michael, Kociol, Robb, Adams, Patricia, Wells, Gretchen, Thohan, Vinay, Wesley-Farrington, Deborah, Soots, Sandra, Sheppard, Richard, Michel, Caroline, Lapointe, Nathalie, Nathaniel, Heather, Kealey, Angela, Semigran, Marc, Daher, Maureen, Boehmer, John, Silber, David, Popjes, Eric, Frey, Patricia, Nicklas, Todd, Alexis, Jeffrey, Caufield, Lori, Thornton, John W., III, Gentry, Mindy, Robinson, Vincent J.B., Sharma, Gyanendra K., Holloway, Joan, Powell, Maria, Markham, David, Drazner, Mark, Fernandez, Lynn, Zucker, Mark, Baran, David A., Gimovsky, Martin L., Hochbaum, Natalia, Patel, Bharati, Adams, Laura, Ramani, Gautam, Gottlieb, Stephen, Robinson, Shawn, Fisher, Stacy, Marshall, Joanne, Haythe, Jennifer, Mancini, Donna, Bijou, Rachel, Farr, Maryjane, Marks, Marybeth, Arango, Henry, Bozkurt, Biykem, Bolos, Mariana, Mather, Paul, Rubin, Sharon, Bonita, Raphael, Eberwine, Susan, Skopicki, Hal, Stergiopoulos, Kathleen, McCathy-Santoro, Ellen, Intravaia, Jennifer, Maas, Elizabeth, Safirstein, Jordan, Kleet, Audrey, Martinez, Nancy, Corpoin, Christine, Hesari, Donna, Chaparro, Sandra, Hudson, Laura J., Ghali, Jalal K., Injic, Zora, Wittstein, Ilan S., McTiernan, Charles F., Morel, Penelope, Thornton, John, Fett, James, and Halder, Indrani

Published
2018
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90. 5-Hydroxytryptamine receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1

Author

Andrade, Rodrigo, primary, Barnes, Nicholas M., primary, Baxter, Gordon, primary, Bockaert, Joel, primary, Branchek, Theresa, primary, Butler, Amy, primary, Cohen, Marlene L., primary, Dumuis, Aline, primary, Eglen, Richard M., primary, Göthert, Manfred, primary, Hamblin, Mark, primary, Hamon, Michel, primary, Hartig, Paul R., primary, Hen, René, primary, Hensler, Julie, primary, Herrick-Davis, Katharine, primary, Hills, Rebecca, primary, Hoyer, Daniel, primary, Humphrey, Patrick P. A., primary, Latté, Klaus Peter, primary, Maroteaux, Luc, primary, Martin, Graeme R., primary, Middlemiss, Derek N., primary, Mylecharane, Ewan, primary, Neumaier, John, primary, Peroutka, Stephen J., primary, Peters, John A., primary, Roth, Bryan, primary, Saxena, Pramod R., primary, Sharp, Trevor, primary, Sleight, Andrew, primary, Villalon, Carlos M., primary, and Yocca, Frank, primary

Published
2023
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94. Amplified Decadal Variability of Extratropical Surface Temperatures by Stratosphere‐Troposphere Coupling.

Author

Butler, Amy H., Karpechko, Alexey Yu., and Garfinkel, Chaim I.

Subjects
*SURFACE temperature, *TROPOSPHERIC circulation, *STRATOSPHERIC circulation, *ATMOSPHERIC circulation, *ATMOSPHERIC temperature
Abstract

The dominant pattern of Northern Hemisphere extratropical climate variability is the Northern Annular Mode (NAM), which in wintertime represents the coupling of the stratospheric and tropospheric circulations. The internal variability associated with the NAM has been shown to give rise to substantial uncertainty in climate projections of regional surface air temperatures (SATs), but it's unclear how much of this variability arises from stratosphere‐troposphere coupling processes. Here, using three large‐ensemble coupled climate model simulations from 1850 to 2100 with varying fidelity of stratosphere‐troposphere coupling processes, we demonstrate that regional SAT variability across timescales is amplified when the tropospheric NAM is coupled to the stratospheric NAM. Moreover, models that lack adequate simulation of stratosphere‐troposphere coupling processes may not capture the magnitude of uncertainty in near‐term SAT projections associated with this coupling. Plain Language Summary: Large‐scale atmospheric circulation variability drives substantial variation in regional surface air temperatures (SATs), so that even on 30–40 year timescales local cooling trends are possible even as global‐mean temperatures increase. We provide evidence that when the stratospheric mean flow is coupled to the tropospheric mean flow, the decadal variability of SATs is amplified in some regions. Some models do not represent well the observed coupling of the stratosphere to the troposphere, and these models may underestimate decadal variability associated with this coupling. Key Points: The Northern Annular Mode (NAM) exhibits decadal variability that can accelerate or slow the rate of anthropogenic regional surface warmingAmplified decadal variability of extratropical surface temperatures occurs when the NAM is coupled from the stratosphere to the troposphereModels that fail to adequately capture vertical coupling may underestimate the magnitude of decadal variations in surface air temperatures [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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95. Sub-seasonal Predictability and the Stratosphere

Author

Butler, Amy, primary, Charlton-Perez, Andrew, additional, Domeisen, Daniela I.V., additional, Garfinkel, Chaim, additional, Gerber, Edwin P., additional, Hitchcock, Peter, additional, Karpechko, Alexey Yu., additional, Maycock, Amanda C., additional, Sigmond, Michael, additional, Simpson, Isla, additional, and Son, Seok-Woo, additional

Published
2019
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96. Contributors

Author

Abhilash, S., primary, Ahn, Min-Seop, additional, Baethgen, Walter E., additional, Balsamo, Gianpaolo, additional, Bazo, Juan, additional, Brown, Barbara, additional, Brunet, Gilbert, additional, Buizza, Roberto, additional, Butler, Amy, additional, Casati, Barbara, additional, Chang, P., additional, Charlton-Perez, Andrew, additional, Chattopadhyay, Rajib, additional, Chevallier, Matthieu, additional, Coelho, Caio A.S., additional, de Perez, Erin Coughlan, additional, Cunningham, Christopher, additional, Dankers, Rutger, additional, DeFlorio, Michael, additional, DeGennaro, Matthew, additional, Destrooper, Mathieu, additional, Dirmeyer, Paul A., additional, Dolif, Giovanni, additional, Domeisen, Daniela I.V., additional, Duell, Robyn, additional, Dutra, Emanuel, additional, Ek, Michael B., additional, Ferranti, Laura, additional, Frederiksen, Jorgen, additional, Garfinkel, Chaim, additional, Gentine, Pierre, additional, Gerber, Edwin P., additional, Ghil, Michael, additional, Goessling, Helge, additional, Golding, Brian, additional, Groth, Andreas, additional, Guémas, Virginie, additional, Hitchcock, Peter, additional, Hudson, Debra, additional, Jones, Charles, additional, Joseph, Susmitha, additional, Jung, Thomas, additional, Kang, In-Sik, additional, Karpechko, Alexey Yu., additional, Kondrashov, Dmitri, additional, Krishna, Phani M., additional, Lavaysse, Christophe, additional, Lin, Hai, additional, Lowe, Rachel, additional, Marchezini, Victor, additional, Martiny, Nadège, additional, Massonnet, François, additional, Maycock, Amanda C., additional, Methven, John, additional, Mills, Brian, additional, Mittermaier, Marion, additional, Miura, Hiroaki, additional, Moron, Vincent, additional, Nakazawa, Tetsuo, additional, Nissan, Hannah, additional, Pattanaik, D.R., additional, Robbins, Joanne, additional, Robertson, Andrew W., additional, Roucou, Pascal, additional, Sahai, A.K., additional, Saravanan, R., additional, Sarmiento, Juan Pablo, additional, Siegert, Stefan, additional, Sigmond, Michael, additional, Silver, Amber, additional, Simpson, Isla, additional, Singh, Roop, additional, Son, Seok-Woo, additional, Stan, Cristiana, additional, Stephenson, David B., additional, Straus, David, additional, Subramanian, Aneesh, additional, Takaya, Yuhei, additional, Terra, Rafael, additional, Thomson, Madeleine C., additional, Tippett, Michael K., additional, Tompkins, Adrian M., additional, Toth, Zoltan, additional, Trajber, Rachel, additional, Vitart, Frédéric, additional, Wang, Lei, additional, Watkins, Andrew, additional, Wilson, Laurie, additional, and Woolnough, Steven J., additional

Published
2019
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