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The main objective is to show how relations of virtuous friendship are an effective strategy for teaching peace. The basis for this assertion is the Aristotelean proposal that differentiates between perfect friendship, which is virtuous and seeks what is good for the friend, and secondary friendships whose goal is utility and pleasure. Virtuous friends seek to help the friend acquire virtue. Moreover, it highlights the need to accept that we are people with a nature that needs refinement and to accept the innate characteristics each person is born with. This two-fold acceptance is necessary to accept and love the friend as oneself, and whom to help be virtuous. Thus, it also requires understanding the importance of inner personal harmony to avoid conflicts as a condition of virtuous friendship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Every people, every nation with a history lasting for many millennia, with a powerful and rich past, has its own national values. National values are the best qualities that distinguish peoples, nations, societies from others. The national values of our people, which have a national root and a national foundation, are sufficient. In the aesthetic culture of medieval Azerbaijan and Nakhchivan, architecture, decorative applied art, and miniature art are a valuable resource as carriers of socio-philosophical meaning. Among the peoples of the world, the people of Azerbaijan, known for their national and spiritual values, occupy a unique place with their national characteristics, the human ideas and traditions that they live and propagate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the first volume of his systemic series, German theologian Jürgen Moltmann begins his systematics with a musical metaphor; "The eschatological is not one element of Christianity, but it is the medium of Christian faith as such, the key in which everything is set ..." Moltmann then goes on to propose that the eschaton is a temporal event, which breaks the logic of his initial metaphor of the key signature. This essay will explore the differences between understanding the eschaton explicated as the key that Christian hope is set as opposed to a temporal alternative, such as the time signature. Jeremy Begbie is brought into the conversation to explicate how "harmony" can guide our conversation of music theory, and Miguel De La Torre illuminates how Moltmann's claim, which while revolutionary in many aspects, continues to rely on Eurocentric understanding of salvation history, just as music theory tends towards Eurocentrism. We also examine what we lose out on when we leave this uninterrogated. To conclude, we explore how Moltmann's proposal about Christian hope becomes more coherent within the metaphor of key signature and right relationship instead of time signature and temporality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose an epistemic theory of micro-economic interactions, termed Economic Harmony. In the theory, we modify the standard utility, by changing its argument from the player's actual payoff, to the ratio between the player's actual payoff and his or her aspired payoff. We show that the aforementioned minor epistemic modification of the concept of utility is quite powerful in generating plausible and successful predictions of experimental results, obtained in the standard ultimatum game, and the sequential common pool resource dilemma (CPR) game. Notably, the cooperation and fairness observed in the studied games are accounted for without adding an other-regarding component in the players' utility functions. For the standard ultimatum game, the theory predicts a division of Φ and 1 - Φ, for the proposer and responder, respectively, where Φ is the famous Golden Ratio (≈0.618), most known for its aesthetically pleasing properties. We discuss possible extensions of the proposed theory to repeated and evolutionary ultimatum games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A letter to the editor is presented which discusses the applicablity of the term harmony in describing arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses.

The aim of this work was to establish a ratings showdown. Made by 3 distinct groups of volunteers at 10 patients aged between 20 and 30 years, 10 dentists general practitioners and 10 dentists specialists in aesthetics. Thus sought to highlight the importance of a work together patient-professional. 100 pictures of different types of smiles of patients seen in the master course in operative dentistry at the Ingá College and prosthesis were selected and organized into slides listed of 1 to 100. This sequence of slides was evaluated individually subjective manner by the volunteers in the Group of patients where 61% considered harmonics 39% no harmonics (being the cause: 35% teeth, 16% gums 28% lips, 17% two earlier and 4% all earlier), 66% female 34% male. The Group of general practitioners 56% harmonics 44% no harmonics were considered (being the cause: 19% teeth, 8% gums, 11% lips, 55%, previous two and 7% all earlier), 79% female 21% male. The Group of experts 42% of smiles were considered harmonics, 58% no harmonics (being the cause: 25% teehh 12% gums, 18% lips, 40%, previous two 5% all earlier), 88% female 12% male. With this we see the specialist with a higher capacity of critical evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on several aspects of mood as the content of modern art. It mentions that visual art provides man with the consoling certainty that there exists an order and harmony; and the art of antiquity celebrates the physically strong; and recalling repercussions on humanity's need for harmony. It mentions about the beginning of religion and of all higher art.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how national culture influences individuals’ subjective experience of tension when confronting paradoxical demands that arise during their day-to-day organizational experience. The paper further explores two types of paradoxical demands (task oriented and relational oriented) and two mediating mechanisms (tolerance for contradictions and harmony enhancement concerns) that exhibit contrary cultural effects.Design/methodology/approach Drawing from a sample of white-collar workers in China and the USA, the authors first inductively generated scenarios with task-oriented and relational-oriented paradoxical demands and then conducted three studies where participants rated the perceived tension from the scenarios. In Study 1, they examined cross-cultural differences in perceived tension and the mediating role of tolerance for contradictions. In Study 2, they primed Americans with proverbs that promoted tolerance for contradictions. In Study 3, they examined the indirect effects of harmony enhancement concerns in China in relational-oriented paradoxical demands.Findings The results found that for task-oriented paradoxical demands, Chinese participants were less likely than American participants to experience tension and the effects were mediated by a higher tolerance for contradictions. Americans exposed to proverbs that promoted tolerance for contradictions also experienced less tension. For relational-oriented paradoxical demands, on the other hand, the authors found no cross-cultural differences, as the indirect effects of a tolerance for contradictions were mitigated by negative indirect effects of greater harmony enhancement concerns.Originality/value This paper demonstrates that culture can influence the tension that individuals subjectively experience when they confront paradoxical conditions, suggesting that individuals learn implicitly how to cope with tensions associated with paradoxes from their broader cultural environment. However, the authors also found different cultural effects within different paradoxical conditions, suggesting that the knowledge that individuals acquire from their broader cultural environment is multifaceted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Theoria: An International Journal for Theory, History & Foundations of Science is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco, Servicio Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we present a novel argument against strict locality in vowel harmony: a vowel's feature may have a double identity, active in one process and neutral in another. Such is the behavior of [back] in Votic [i]. It is invisible to harmony, while simultaneously triggering an assimilation process. We argue that no feature-sharing account of this phenomenon is plausible, including the relatively powerful extension of Span Theory that permits vowels in a harmonic span to remain unassociated (and unharmonized) with the span's head. We offer instead an account based on the Agreement-By-Correspondence approach to long-distance assimilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on difference in Confucian harmony which is referred as deep harmony and Greek harmony. It states that the Pythagoreans went to equate harmony with numerical ratios and tried to understand the cosmos in terms of its numerical structure. It mentions that contrast between Confucians and Pythagoreans are like difference between daily life and scientific approach and harmonious society is determined by a balance of discretional action and principled ritual propriety.

El artículo discurre sobre el término japonés aikido, el cual significa al camino de la armonía y la energía. La autora comenta sobre la incorporación de estos valores en el entorno empresarial, especialmente durante los crisis organizacionales. También se ofrecen algunos consejos sobre cómo implementar la idea del aikido, incluyendo prestarle atención al ser, sembrar para el mañana y revisar el uso de información.

Interaction design is distinguished from most other design disciplines through its temporal form. Temporal form is the computational structure that enables and demands a temporal expression in the resulting design. Temporal form is what enables poetry. In music, temporal form is the composition of tones, pauses, and timbre arranged into harmonies and rhythms. In interaction design it is, for instance, the behaviors of pixels on a screen or the movements in shape-changing interfaces. In this paper we show the power of working explicitly with temporal form in designing computational things. We give a nuanced account of what temporal form is in interaction design, and we look at related work synthesizing what we already know of the temporal concerns in interaction design and HCI. In the second part we present a design experiment through which we explore the experiential qualities of a set of 11 simple temporal forms by letting a series of expert designers reflect upon them. We borrow a framework from Boorstin's film theory in which he distinguishes between the voyeuristic, the vicarious, and the visceral experience. We show how to use rhythms, complexity, gentle or forceful behavior, etc., to create experiences of "being alive," being entertained, or being something that we empathize with. We end the paper by arguing how the temporal form in computational things enables richer experiences than static objects do. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the lingering aftermath of a nuclear catastrophe being mostly out of sight, the peripheral victims of the Fukushima disaster were no longer able to discern the boundary between the here of the safety zone and the there of the afflicted area. What ensued after this geographical unification was psychological unity in which the harmony-conscious ethics of the Japanese were excessively fortified, formulating what is often called the code of wa (harmonious integration), which implicitly coerced all to speak from hisaisha no tachiba (the standpoint of the afflicted people). Kyoko Iwaki, a doctoral student at Goldsmiths, University of London, after fourteen years as a theatre journalist in Japan, provides in this article a socio-psychological analysis on how the code of wa materialized as the unwritten law after the catastrophe, and argues how in Current Location (Genzaichi), playwright-director Okada Toshiki grapples with this code by developing a post-Fukushima aesthetic. By pertinently using the apparatus of ‘fiction’ as a guise for relieving the audience of the code, Okada develops a theatre language that voices discord in content, yet accord in form, permitting the characters to speak both from the here and the there. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Ataraxia is an important subject of philosophical reflection. This term has a rather deep knowledge of harmonious spirit, being rooted in everyday life. The term "ataraxia" usually is associated with ethics of Greek philosophers who built their philosophical systems that provided an independent, calm and unemotional state for the individual. This measure, rhythm, harmony, and other categories of aesthetics are being converted from abstract common patterns of space into ways of self-studying and internal structure of a man. The category of ataraxia indicates integrity and orderliness of nature, balance of rational and emotional in man, feasibility of removal of social antagonisms. So it is always relevant. Stoicism was based on positions of subjectivity, and the objective things were pictured on the basis of subjective experiences. These experiences tell us about lekton in the most abstract form, and about ataraxia and apathy in the most exact form. Thus ataraxia could not come by itself, and apathy could be achieved only through great efforts. In the subjective field a human faces for some incomprehensible thicket of being, on the one hand and, on the other hand, the reasonableness of the code, the law of commandments, dictates, doctrines and all sorts of advice or systematically carried out arts of organization, design, reasonable, creative and artistic activity. A stoic wise man was such an artistic masterpiece in which everything is built methodically appropriate and according the precisely defined plan. In the Hellenistic era heroes were not born, they were brought up, taught, planned in advance. They knew what to expect and how to respond to this need. This is the era of subjectivity, that era of consciousness, the era of planned willpower, the era of pre-designed rules of artistic activity. In traditional presentation we also see the touch between the concepts of ataraxia and fate. In stoic philosophy the concept of fate is not the result of any faith or superstition, but it is a common notion, logically justified and therefore logically necessary. Stoic destiny is the semantic fluidity of meaning and love from other hand it is love to this sense of fluidity of meaning. Fate does everything what it needs; and it is the absolute fatalism. Man realizes himself as the result of the fate, as one of its artistic creations. It is turned out the fate realizes itself that acting freely, it is the instrument of fate. Therefore, it is important not to rebuild the reality, but to understand it. The stoic wise man does not resist evil. He understands it and being in its semantic fluidity that's why he is calm. First of all stoicism was the morality, the developed to detail moral teaching, founded on special philosophical outlook. In this sense, it has the great educational value to the ancient world. Stoicism is a moral force that has great influence over many centuries and in large scale. It influenced on many teachers and fathers of the Church and Christianity in general. In the XVII century the rationalist borrowed and developed Stoic tradition on the new basis. It was based on the suggestion that the human mind can be the source and the foundation of the moral order and harmony. In philosophy and ethics of the XVII century reason is not a way of escaping from the world, but means of organization. It is the highest authority within the individual. It also resolutely subordinates all his passions, inclinations and interests. The mind does not balance passions, pointing out to everything on its place and time, but is committed to providing the entire human life in reasonable sense. The value of ataraxial state harmony characterized different worldviews, though in many aspects it remains little researched. For a detailed analysis of ataraxia as harmony, one can use the existential and axiological analysis of harmony by L. V. Baeva from the position of comparative and civilizational approach. The researcher believes that the concept of "harmony" is not limited solely by aesthetic and ethical spheres. It is a key ontological and anthropological category, which characterizes the way of mutual subordination of internal and external levels of the individual (society) being. In this sense references to harmony in the state of ataraxia means not only the emotional experience and sensual-figurative feeling of the fine as organically integrated, but also intuitive or rational ideas about the possibility of being a part existence not as "strange" component, but as a necessary component of a certain unity. This harmony as a property of the world and a way of its special perception characterizes ontological and epistemological distinctiveness of dual process of human and world relationships. Therefore, the harmony of ataraxia state as proportionality and balance of the internal and the external is a value of individual and social life reflecting the desire for wholeness, indivisible perception of the world. For many schools harmonization is a reflection of external universe with the inner world of the individual, which allows the merging with the "primary source" of all things. So, we can say that the ataraxia as the perception and support of harmony is the will and it turns to be removing a deep reflection about the dual, contradictory, twin foundations of the universe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Philosophers should listen to punk rock. Though largely ignored in analytic aesthetics, punk can shed light on the nature, limits, and value of art. Here, I will begin with an overview of punk aesthetics and then extrapolate two lessons. First, punk intentionally violates widely held aesthetic norms, thus raising questions about the plasticity of taste. Second, punk music is associated with accompanying visual styles, fashion, and attitudes; this points to a relationship between art and identity. Together, these lessons suggest that art appreciation is not just about finding beauty or aesthetic worth but is also about constructing a self. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines what bank employees do in the face of their managers' aesthetic expectations and controls and how they experience this process. The main argument of the research is how one's aestheticism plays a role in working life. The research is designed on the main question 'Is the aestheticism of bank employees used as a means of labor exploitation? Phenomenology, one of the qualitative research designs, was adopted and the 'interpretative phenomenology' type of phenomenology research design was used. For sample selection, a total of 20 participants, both male and female, from public and private bank employees were interviewed using snowball sampling method. The research data were obtained through semi-structured in-depth interviews with the participants. Analyses were conducted using MAXQDA 22, a computer-aided qualitative data analysis program. As a result of the research; employees evaluated aesthetic labor not only as physical/visual aesthetics, but also as a whole from different perspectives such as auditory, intellectual and harmony/harmony aesthetics. Employees strive for aesthetic labor in order to participate in employment and sustainability of employment in a postmodern order based on competition. Due to the functioning of the surveillance mechanism, employees take care to keep these efforts dynamic in both manager and customer relations. The growth of the services sector has led employees to develop aesthetic labor strategies as well as aesthetic labor efforts and skills. In the research, the results of aesthetic labor exploitation of the employee in various aspects such as gender-based discrimination, commodification of labor, surveillance mechanism, obligation, emotional mask, glass ceiling, self-alienation, unfair rewarding, time and cost were reached. In this context, when a sectoral and gender-based evaluation is made, aesthetic labor exploitation is more intense in private banks and female employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction to an article on polarization and harmony in the world at large is presented.

The paper discusses the connection between rhythm and meaning based on Augustine's De musica. This central topic is illuminated by the analysis of other particular aesthetic concepts that one can find in Augustine (such as sentience and desire, in its many Latin variations), as well as in reference to modern aesthetics. The result is the emergence of a relationship between aesthetics and the making of meaning in a co-creative operation between the divine and the human based upon an understanding of rhythm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Purpose: Urbanization in Henan, China has rapidly transformed the landscape, posing challenges to preserving traditional cultural elements like Chinese cultural and opera stages. This study aimed to provide qualitative insights into integrating traditional cultural/opera architectural design with modern urban development in Henan. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 Henan residents to gather perspectives and experiences. Interview data was thematically analysed. Findings: Residents highly valued traditional cultural/opera stage design, indicating strong cultural interconnectedness. However, challenges were identified including commercial pressure in development, implying difficulty balancing economic growth and cultural preservation. Community participation was mixed with some active engagement. Environmental sustainability concerns and financial/institutional capacity constraints highlighted the need for collaborative approaches. Conclusion and Implications: Traditional cultural elements retain deep meaning for Henan residents amidst rapid urbanization. Preserving these traditions while enabling modernization will require overcoming multiple complex challenges across commercial, environmental, social, and institutional dimensions. Findings indicate that collaborative, multi-stakeholder urban planning approaches are needed to integrate cultural preservation with sustainable growth in Chinese cities undergoing rapid development. Study insights on resident perspectives and challenges can inform policies and frameworks to effectively balance economic, environmental, and cultural priorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the basic principles of understanding the environment from both philosophical and aesthetic perspectives. The theoretical aspect of the topic is explored and a scientific approach to solving current environmental problems is discussed. To achieve this, philosophical approaches to holistic existence are necessary, which include environmental logic, environmental ethics, and environmental aesthetics. Environmental ethics is traditionally focused on the problem of how a moral person should treat the environment, but in this study, we also consider the theory of rational knowledge and the rational factor of the environment. Ecological aesthetics is defined as the study of nature and its perception from a general theoretical point of view, as well as sensory-emotional cognition/activity and creative imagination. This specific aesthetic theory includes two dimensions -- the aesthetics of society and the environment interaction and aesthetics of environmental narrative. The theory serves cognitive, educational, culturalcreative, and environmental functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of green building technology is currently regarded as a critical step towards a sustainable future because it is a means of attaining sustainable development. It takes skill to combine a sustainable ecosystem with comfortable living areas to create eco-friendly building designs. The use of modern technologies can also enhance traditional methods for developing greener structures and thereby help maintain sustainable built environments. This research paper is intended to develop a selection framework to evaluate three different structural floor systems for a high-rise office building in Alhasa, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The three structural floor systems are as follows: a two-way ribbed slab system, a post-tension slab system, and a hollow core slab system. The main selection criteria used for the investigation in this paper are as follows: initial cost, running costs (operating and maintenance costs), salvage value, self-structural weight, and the possibility of utilities passage. A questionnaire survey was designed to collect the opinions of experts (project managers) regarding the relative importance of the different selection criteria, and these were used to determine the most suitable structural system for the office building. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was the tool used to determine the weights of the different criteria, and it was applied in combination with an Eigenvector analysis. Another objective of the investigation was to determine the utility preference values of the selection criteria by employing the multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) technique. The results showed that the most important criterion is utilities passage, which is followed by structural weight and then initial cost, salvage value, and running costs. From the results of this research, we conclude that the system with the highest total value is the post-tension slab system. The limitations of the study include the fact that it only investigated three concrete floor systems commonly used in office buildings in Saudi Arabia, and that it included only five selection criteria that were identified and evaluated by the experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the opinions of experts on STEAM education. Four experts working in a STEM center and six academicians who gave education and conducted studies in the field of STEM in a state university education faculty participated in the study. The participants were selected on the basis of purposeful sampling. The research data were collected through structured interview forms. There were 12 open-ended questions in the interview forms. The data obtained at the end of the study were analyzed using the qualitative analysis techniques of thematic analysis. According to the results, the experts reported that STEAM education had an important place in the education system; that it gave students a holistic perspective; and that it was especially effective in the development of 21st century skills. The participants found it very important to add art to STEM education. They emphasized that art was very important in the development of students' visual, aesthetic and design skills. In addition, they stated that art should be used in processes requiring visuality and design. Moreover, the participants mostly pointed out that STEAM activities could be carried out in every field and environment. The experts participating in the study stated that they mostly preferred STEAM books, scientific publications and internet resources to learn about STEAM education. They reported that STEAM activities could be used with many methods and techniques of constructivist theory, especially project-based learning. The participants in the study emphasized that teachers willing to carry out STEAM activities should receive training from experts and develop their 21st century skills. The participants expressed the age of starting STEAM education as the pre-school age in general, and they thought that the implementation processes of STEAM activities were not easy for various reasons. In STEAM training practices, some of the participants considered themselves as sufficient, and some as inadequate. They also stated that the current conditions in learning environments were insufficient for STEAM applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]